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Types of RNA and the process of Transcription Video Lecture - NEET

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1. What are the three types of RNA involved in the process of transcription?
Ans. The three types of RNA involved in the process of transcription are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
2. What is the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) in transcription?
Ans. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis during translation.
3. How does transcription occur in the cell?
Ans. Transcription occurs in the cell by the following steps: 1. RNA polymerase binds to the DNA template strand. 2. The DNA double helix unwinds, and the RNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary RNA strand. 3. The RNA polymerase reaches a termination sequence, and the newly synthesized RNA strand is released. 4. The DNA double helix reforms.
4. What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in transcription?
Ans. Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in transcription by carrying amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. It recognizes the codons on mRNA and brings the corresponding amino acid, ensuring the accurate assembly of amino acids in the growing polypeptide chain.
5. What is the significance of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in transcription?
Ans. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a structural component of ribosomes, which are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. During transcription, rRNA is transcribed from DNA and combines with proteins to form ribosomes. These ribosomes then facilitate the assembly of amino acids into proteins based on the information carried by mRNA.
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