Biodiversity Numbers Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on biodiversity
and conservation part three is brought
to you by exam for your calm no more
fear from exam so now the main question
is why study a biodiversity and it's
composite conservation so why why do we
even want to conserve biodiversity and
why are we studying this lesson on
biodiversity conservation so let us try
to understand its importance only then
we be able to understand why we want to
conserve it biodiversity is important
and therefore to conserve it is also
important and the question is how is
biodiversity important why do we want so
many different varieties of living
organisms to exist so the first thing
which says that it is important is that
maintenance of ecological stability now
what do we mean by ecological stability
we all know that in any ecosystem
organisms depend on each other for their
survival
so every organism is dependent on some
other organism for their survival so
nobody can live in isolation so now if
this balance between different organisms
is spoiled or if the balance is lost
what will happen the food chain of the
food where might get disturbed now as a
result organisms can even get extinct
also now let me give you a very small
example let us suppose you think of a
food chain any food chain which is
taking place in an ecosystem for example
you have grass grass is being eaten by a
grasshopper and let us suppose the same
grasshopper is being eaten by a bigger
animal any animal maybe a frog or
something and then that frog is eaten by
a snake let us say so this is a food
chain now do you think what will have
and give if I try it if if all the
grasshoppers become extinct now if all
these grasshoppers are lost what will
happen there will be nobody to eat the
grass that will be one problem secondly
these animals
have anything to eat so these animals
will also start dying very soon now once
these animals die the snakes will also
start dying because they will also start
starving so that means even if one
variety of living organism is becoming
extinct that can actually affect the
entire food chain so that means it can
disturb the balance of that or it can
disturb the stability of that ecology so
to maintain the ecological stability is
very it is very very important that all
the different variety of living
organisms exist useful products
now these many variety of living
organisms also give us a lot of useful
products for example food medicines
fibers oils rubber slat eggs etcetera so
these are some of the very useful
products which come out of these living
organisms just for example if you think
of the food which we human beings eat so
all of them are derived from some or the
other organism now all of those who are
vegetarian they eat plant products
either directly or indirectly those who
are non-vegetarian they feed on some
other animals or products of other
animals so all our food basically comes
directly or indirectly from some other
living organism whether it is plant or
animal so that means we are all
dependent on other organisms for such
useful products source of economic
wealth now want to be more mean by
economic wealth
now how this biodiversity can also be a
source of economic wealth now if you
take examples of the part the natural
sui-feng centuries natural paths so they
all are actually your source of economic
wealth and at the same time they also
conserve the living organism so if you
take the example of a national part you
have many variety of living organisms
which are well protected in that area so
that that particular national
not only a source of economic wealth but
it also helps to conserve the living
organisms so these are some of the
reasons which tell us that yes
biodiversity is important and conserving
biodiversity is therefore important so
now we even have to see how can we
conserve biodiversity so now we will
look at some of the numbers before we
talk about the ways by which we can
conserve biodiversity we will look at
some of the numbers which which will
tell us that okay what is the need of
the hour how many species were there how
many space species are currently there
way whether the number of species have
decreased or the number of species are
increased so we will talk in terms of
numbers now so if you look at this pie
chart it tells us that a lot of animals
exist on this planet and when compared
to plants so the right color show plants
so this particular portion shows plants
and this blue portion shows animals so
if you see the number of animals which
exist on this earth is far more than the
number of plants which exist on this
earth now these data which we are
talking to talk about here they came
from some of the published records
however not all the species have been
discovered yet so many more species
might get discovered so that is why
whatever species have been discovered
that data is first taken and then some
estimates or some calculations is being
done that ok these many species have
been discovered so there are chances
that these many more would have come up
so you considering all those estimates
and everything so the scientists will
come up with some numbers and those are
the numbers which we are going to talk
about here so there are 7 million
species of animals and plants which
exist on this earth so 7 million is
again a huge number so these many
different species exist now in each
species you might have different variety
of that particular organism due to
genetic diversity so at the species
level
you have seven million species of plants
and animals so now as per the exact
calculation which was done somewhere
around 2004 it was found that the number
was 1.5 million but when an estimate was
done considering all the increase in the
number of species or the number of
species which have not yet been
discovered so the number came up to 7
million species and it has been also
observed that more than 70% of these
species are animals so here you can see
more than 70 percent are animals and
around 22 percent of them are trans so
here again you can see so that means
lesser number of plants that exist on
this earth when compared to animals now
when we say plants plants would include
everything like algae fungi gymnosperms
angiosperms so they all will fall under
the category of plants similarly when we
talk about animals insects mammals
reptiles amphibians officials mollusk
they all will fall under the category of
animals so now we will talk about the
numbers of biodiversity for plants and
animals separately so let us first talk
about animals because they are more
present in more numbers almost 70 more
than 70% of the species are animals so
let us first talk about animals so now
let us look at the global diversity in
case of animals now in animals again we
have two broad categories of animals
that is in vertebrates and vertebrates
so let us look at the diversity of both
of these groups separately so first
we'll talk about invertebrates and here
you can see has the pie chart denotes
that here the most diverse group of
organisms among the invertebrates are
the insects so if you see you can just
note here that insects are like the most
species-rich group so they almost cover
70% of the diversity so that is the most
variety of our
which you see is in the insect so they
are the most diverse group now that also
tells us that if there are ten animals
around us out of them seven will be
insects and that is what we can as you
looking at this calculation that is just
a rough idea so insects are the most
species-rich group that is they have
maximum variety of species in them and
then the next most rich species group
would be these this one we have all
others except the mollusks and
crustaceans so here you can see mollusks
fall under this category where more and
then the next ridge would be crustaceans
here and remain all of them fall under
this category so here this shows that
insects are one of the most diverse
group amongst the animals so this was
about the invertebrates now let us
consider the vertebrates in vertebrates
we will talk about fishes mammals birds
reptiles and amphibians so here if you
see the most diverse or the moose the
group with maximum variety of species
are the fishes so here you can see these
are the fishes so the color denotes
which one is which so the fishes are
almost like almost 50% are covered by
fishes and the next are mammals birds
reptiles and amphibians as you can see
here so this is how the diversity are
increase of animals and similarly we
will see it in case of plants as well so
these charts actually give you an idea
about which are those groups of animals
which have got a lot of variety of
species within themselves like here we
got to know that insects and fishes are
some of those groups of animals which
have a huge variety of species within
them now if you look at this entire
numbers of biodiversity in animals
we'll see that prokaryotes have not been
included like bacteria has not been
included anywhere now why is it that's
because they're the conventional methods
which are used to actually identify
species they are not good enough to
calculate the species of bacteria and
they're quieter means quite a number of
reasons responsible for that one of them
is that bacteria they keep on
multiplying very fast and that's all
they keep on increasing in number
extremely fast so that those traditional
techniques they are not able to find out
the various different species of
bacteria and that is why bacteria have
not been included in this entire
estimate because if we cannot determine
the various species of bacteria how can
we comment on how many species of
bacteria exist that is the reason why
prokaryotes have not been included in
this list so this is a rough idea about
that biodiversity of animals so now let
us look at plants now in case of plants
we talk about the angiosperms here as
you see and response there they can have
a huge variety of species within
themselves so here you have the
angiosperms
and the next one which has a huge
variety of species within them are the
fungi
so the angiosperms and fungi are like
species rich group within plants however
you have other groups also like algae
lichens mosses forms so they are also
there but mostly it is like it is
predominantly something which is
predominantly present here are Diane's
response under fungi so this is how
basically the global biodiversity is in
terms of plants as well as animals so
now what we have to look at is how can
we conserve the biodiversity how can we
protect the animals from being extinct
how can we protect the animals from the
various dangers which actually lead to
their extinction so that those are the
things which we will be taking up right
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