Fish Production - Improvement in Food Resources, Class 9, Science Video Lecture

hello friends this video on improvement
in food resources part 10 is brought to
you by exam for calm no more fear from
exam so with this we completed our
discussion on crop production management
that how can we increase the
productivity of crops now we will talk
about crop protection management now the
question is why do we need crop
protection management it is not only
necessary to produce as many crops as
possible to produce the best quality
crops it is also important that we are
able to protect the crops from external
agents so what are those external agents
from which crops need protection to
crops need protection from weeds insects
and diseases because all these have the
capability to spoil the plants
completely weeds insects and diseases so
you might be wondering what our needs so
we will talk about em one by one so let
us start it beeps order weeds these are
unwanted plants in the cultivated fields
so let us see water beads so weeds are
the unwanted plants which are in the cut
round in the cultivated field you would
have observed it even in your garden
also that there are some plants which
grow on its own right there are many
such plants which grow wherever they get
some space they start doing so we eat
some unwanted plants which are present
in the cultivated field so why are these
plants unwanted because they compete for
nutrients space water and light and
therefore adversely affect the crop
growth it is something like that is also
a plant right so it also needs the basic
things which are needed by any plant for
its growth so it will also need water
sunlight nutrients it needs some space
also to grow so that means it will take
everything at the cost of the plants
which we have cultivated in that field
so we do not want any competition with
the plant which
have called cultivated so that is why
these plants become unwanted because it
adversely affect the growth of the crops
some of the examples of such weeds are
xanthium and peritoneum so if you look
at the pictures you can see
zank him here in this picture and
peritoneum here so you would have seen
these kind of plants and on the
roadsides or in your garden or many such
places I mean because they keep growing
wherever they gets placed so these are
the weeds so we need to protect the
crops from weeds next one is insects a
variety of insects we see around us and
these insects can affect the crop health
the way weeds can affect the crop growth
by competing with the nutrients now on
the other hand insects can affect the
crop health how because insects
generally suck the same SAP because the
plants will also the plant cells will
also have the cell sap that is the
cytoplasm which is and the SAP is stored
inside the vacuole right which is the
main food for plants so these insects
can suck the cell SAP it can cut the
root stem or leaves it can eat eat away
the leaves and all bore into stem or
fruits so it can again get inside the
fruits and it can spoil the fruits it
can eat up leads so insects and harm a
plant in a plenty number of ways and the
last one is diseases diseases again are
caused by microorganisms when I say
microorganisms you can think of bacteria
virus fungi protozoa so they are all
capable of causing diseases transmitted
through various means like air water or
soil so we have already discussed about
the moons of spread of diseases in our
previous lesson that is why do we fall
in right so you already have some idea
about the microorganisms which cause
diseases right so these are some of the
things against
we should know how to protect the plants
so in crop protection management how are
we going to ensure that we are
protecting our crops against the insects
weeds and diseases the first one is use
of pesticides water pesticides they are
basically chemicals which are helpful in
killing the pests pests are nothing but
insects so chemicals spread on plants to
get rid of weeds and insects however
excessive use can spoil the crop health
and cause pollution as we all looked any
chemical is not something which is very
much desirable by the environment so
whenever we are making use of chemicals
which would use it in a balanced way
such that it is used only for our good
and not for our bad for example
fertilizers also when it is used within
the limit then it is good for us because
it helps in a crop growth similarly
pesticides when it is used within limit
it is good because it kills the pests
but whenever they are used out of limit
it is not good for us instead it is bad
for us because it was environmental
pollution intercropping and crop
rotation how intercropping and crop
rotation ensures crop protection that's
because it prevents spreading of pests
and disease how because in intercropping
as I mentioned before that we grow
multiple crops in a specific pattern and
we choose the crops in such a way that
the crops have different nutrient
requirements so since the crops have
different requirements they are not
accustomed to the same disease so a
disease which happens to one crop does
not necessarily affect the other type of
problem so by intercropping we can
prevent the spreading of diseases and
pests because of crop rotation also the
same thing happens suppose if first you
are growing cotton so after some time
you will grow on the same field you will
grow maybe peas right so the disease
will not be able to spread because if it
would have been only a monoculture of
cotton then it would have happened that
the disease which has occurred to one
cotton plant would have affected
all of them which are present in the
entire field but with crop rotation and
intercropping that possibility reduces
summer ploughing how summer ploughing
helps fields are plowed deep to kill
rigs and insects because there are so
many insects and weeds switch it aside
inside the soil or even inside the
plants so what happens when we when we
plow the field thoroughly what happens
is the insects are the weeds which are
present under the soil
they are killed so that means also we
can protect the crops from weeds and
insects so these are some of the ways
which we can implement to ensure crop
protection management so so far what did
we see how can we increase crop yield by
following three major principles - crop
variety improvement where we implement
hybridization in order to get a crop
variety of desired characteristics the
next one was crop production improvement
wherein we induced some techniques by
which we can increase the production of
crops like by the use of man use by the
use of fertilizers by irrigation that is
with ample supply of water and also by
following specific cropping patterns and
then we need to ensure crop protection
management which we can do by protecting
the crops against diseases and sex and
pests by using pesticides following
intercropping crop rotation and summer
plumbing right so with thank you please
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