Cell Organelles - Endoplasmic Reticulum - Fundamental Unit of Life, Force & Laws of Motion, Science, Class 9 Video Lecture

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fundamental unit of life part 9 is
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endoplasmic reticulum the first language
what does endoplasmic reticulum so it is
a complex network of membrane bounded
tubules
so it is a tubular like structure I mean
you can imagine it like this little
suppose there are many tube light
structures which are joined from ones
here and there and they form a network
so that network of tubular let's
structure is known as endoplasmic
reticulum I mean its appearance is
somewhat like this they can be tabular
or round or oblong structure so they do
not have a specific shape sometimes they
are round sometimes they are also
tubular but they always form and network
and of course they are membrane bound
they are bounded by an individual
membrane of its own looks different in
different seal cells depending on its
functions as I said since their shape
and size are not very specific so they
look different in different cells
depending upon what function they have
to perform when I talk of endoplasmic
reticulum there are two types of
endoplasmic reticulum the first one is a
rough endoplasmic reticulum and the
second one is smooth endoplasmic
reticulum now instead of writing this
big named endoplasmic reticulum we often
write it as e R so that is a short form
of endoplasmic reticulum
therefore the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum is often written as s in R and
a rough endoplasmic reticulum is often
written as R e
I now you can remember this name
endoplasmic reticulum like this endo
class name that means something which is
inside the plasma membrane right so
that's how its endoplasmic
so this is how an endoplasmic reticulum
looks like so here you can see there
these are the rough endoplasmic reticula
like structures so it here you can see
this is smooth endoplasmic reticulum and
this is rough endoplasmic reticulum now
I'm sure that you must be wondering what
is this entire picture actually till now
we were looking at cells which were
looking quite different why is it
looking like this so this is not
displaying the entire cell it is just
displaying it has just magnified the
endoplasmic reticulum picture so here
you can see these are the tube like
structure some tube-like structures
which are forming a network alright so
these are the rough endoplasmic
reticulum and these are the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum so we will talk
about both are ER and s ER in detail in
the next slide let us look at the
endoplasmic reticulum in an animal cell
so this is an animal cell where we can
see the endoplasmic reticulum here so
this is my rough endoplasmic reticulum
and this is my smooth endoplasmic
reticulum so where is my rough
endoplasmic reticulum so this region you
see there is a product region in light
yellow or light brown what do we call it
so this is the rough endoplasmic
reticulum where is the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum this pink colored
structure which is smooth right so it
didn't notice a difference even in the
previous slide and in this slide
the rough endoplasmic reticulum is
dotted structure over it whereas the
smooth endoplasmic reticulum is has
glued off its structure and it is
completely smooth right so they will see
that as we go ahead
so from here can you locate red
endoplasmic reticulum is located so if
you see this is that this portion is the
nucleus this is the nucleus this being
colored structure is actually the
nucleus correct so this green dark green
structure is the nuclear membrane which
has these dotted structures representing
the nuclear pores we have already spoken
about all these things right so this is
the nucleolus
the central blue colored structure is
nucleolus the dark green structure is
the nuclear membrane and the dots at the
nuclear pores so just outside the
nucleus somewhere nearby you have this
endoplasmic reticulum the rough
endoplasmic ready
and a little further you have the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum so similarly let
us have a look at endoplasmic reticulum
in plant cells so where do you have it
in the plant cell so here you have the
smooth endoplasmic reticulum so here
also somewhere near the nucleus right so
this is my nucleus right so this yellow
dark yellow colored is the nuclear
membrane so just outside the new floor
somewhere you should have the rough
endoplasmic reticulum so it seems it is
somewhere here so some male here where
you see you have got these dotted
structures so this is rough endoplasmic
reticulum and outside the rough
endoplasmic reticulum somewhere you have
the smooth endoplasmic reticulum so
endoplasmic reticulum is located nearby
to nucleus it is not far away from the
nucleus now let us talk about rough
endoplasmic reticulum
so here again there is another picture
of endoplasmic reticulum here what is a
rough endoplasmic reticulum now as I
said in the very first line that the
rough endoplasmic reticulum has the name
Z is rough so its surface was not smooth
so over the surface here you can see
this is the love endoplasmic reticulum
so this portion this region is rough
endoplasmic reticulum so you can see
dotted structure egg white dots are
there so these white dots are nothing
but ribosomes so ribosomes are present
on the surface of this endoplasmic
reticulum because of which the surface
gets and rough appearance and that is
why these kind of endoplasmic reticulum
are known as rough endoplasmic reticulum
proteins are manufactured in ribosomes
now where are we have also spoken about
ribosomes before what are ribosomes
remember our discussions on nucleus I
told you that inside the nucleolus
that is inside the nucleolus means this
portion this is the neutral
right the inside this portion ribosomes
are formed and those ribosomes are taken
out from the nucleus with the help of
the nuclear force these nuclear pores so
these ribosomes come out from these
nuclear pores and many ribosomes stick
on this on the surface of this
endoplasmic reticulum which are known as
rough endoplasmic reticulum now what
happens in the ribosomes proteins are
manufactured in ribosomes so that means
protein formation takes place in
ribosomes so that is the significance of
ribosome that is why somebody who is
producing ribosome is also important
somebody on whose that phase ribosome is
getting stored that is also important
and ribosome itself is definitely
important because it is manufacturing
proteins and proteins are needed for the
survival of the cell so proteins from an
effectuating ribosomes and then
transport it to other parts through
endoplasmic reticulum so that means
protein this mirai bosons and attached
on the surface of rough endoplasmic
reticulum
now these ribosomes will produce
proteins and these proteins will be
carried to other parts of them cell
through the endoplasmic reticulum so
that means these proteins will again be
carried out to other parts with the help
of smooth endoplasmic reticulum so here
you can see this is the rough
endoplasmic reticulum it has got
ribosomes this blue colored structures
they are known as the ribosome so
ribosomes are present now these
ribosomes will produce proteins okay
with water proteins the green colored
balls the green colored small dots they
are representing proteins that are to be
transported so these proteins are
transported by both rough endoplasmic
reticulum as well as smooth endoplasmic
reticulum right so from this bigger view
of endoplasmic reticulum it becomes
clear why smooth endoplasmic reticulum
is so smooth because of the absence of
ribosomes whereas the rough endoplasmic
reticulum is rough due to the presence
of ribosomes let us now talk about
smooth endoplasmic reticulum no
ribosomes attached here okay so where is
the smooth endoplasmic reticulum this
portion that means
the structures they are the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum so they do not
have any ribosomes fat molecules and
lipids are manufactured here so they
manufacture fat molecules and lipids now
fat molecules and lipids can you guess
how will they help the cell when we were
talking about plasma membrane I told you
that the plasma membrane is made up of
facts and Lipner made up of lipids and
proteins right so that means the blue
plates which are produced here they can
also help in the making of plasma
membrane right ok now let us look at the
significance of endoplasmic reticulum as
a whole proteins and lipids manufactured
are manufactured here the rough
endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes
which prama facture proteins the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum manufactured
lipids and these proteins and lipids
which are produced how do they help they
are used in building the plasma membrane
as I told you plasma membrane is made up
of protein and lipids they are also used
as enzymes and hormones so these enzymes
how do enzymes or the hormones help a
body now enzymes help us in many ways
for example enzymes actively take part
in so many chemical reactions which keep
taking place inside the body
how do hormone cell you would have seen
there are so many traits which come with
hormones right there are so many things
which happen in us because of the
hormones present in the body so these
proteins and lipids are also used as
enzymes and hormones endoplasmic
reticulum acts as a channel to transport
materials to different parts of the cell
as I mentioned the rough endoplasmic
reticulum contains ribosomes which will
put produce proteins and these proteins
will be carried out to different parts
of the cell with the help of endoplasmic
reticulum so it acts as a channel to
transport materials these optic
detoxifies poisons and drugs endoplasmic
reticulum also detoxifies poisons and
drugs so if some poison or some harmful
material enters inside the
so endoplasmic reticulum can has the
capability to detoxify it to compensate
its harmful effects right so we have
covered what is endoplasmic reticulum it
is a network of membrane bound tubular
structures okay
what is the func what are the two types
of endoplasmic reticulum rough and
smooth why is it why is it harder or
endoplasmic reticulum and why is it hard
smooth endoplasmic reticulum what is the
significance of endoplasmic reticulum as
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