Autotrophic & Heterotrophic nutrition - Life Processes, Science, Class 10 Video Lecture

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now let us look at the first part of
nutrition matters how do organisms
obtain food so from where the different
types of living organisms get their food
so let us see what are the waves by
which organisms get their food now there
are two modes of nutrition so what do I
need my modes of nutrition that means
the way by which an organism gets it
gets its food so there are basically two
broad classifications of modes of
nutrition the first is autotrophic and
the second one is heterotrophic now what
is autotrophic auto the word auto itself
means self so that means this word Auto
means self so autotrophic means the
organism will prepare its own food so it
is self dependent the organism will not
depend on anybody else for at school
similarly heterotrophic hetero means
others so then this these kind of
organisms will depend on others for
their food so broadly there are two ways
of gaining food one is preparing our own
food and the other one is obtaining our
food from some other organism right so
now let us look at the auto traffic and
the hedgerow traffic mode of nutrition
one by one now the auto traffic
nutrition as I said so these organisms
will prepare their own food now there
are two classifications in this also now
what are the organisms which prepare
your own food the best examples are the
green plants how do we prepare your own
food they prepare your own food by the
process of photosynthesis right we have
spoken about all these things in class
ninth also so photosynthesis means in
presence of sunlight impressive with the
help of the green pigment called
chlorophyll which is present in the
leaves of the plants
they will prepare their food so that is
known as they are known as
photosynthetic so some autotrophic
animals can be photosynthetic that means
they prepare food in presence of
sunlight photo means light so they
prepare food in presence of sunlight
with the help of chlorophyll right and
the other kind of autotrophic organisms
are chemosynthetic what is the word
chemo chemo is derived from the word
chemical
so these organisms use chemical energy
which is released during oxidation of
organic compounds to prepare their food
so the first kind of organisms since
they are photosynthetic and photo means
light so they use light energy to
prepare food and chemosynthetic chemo
means chemical so they use chemical
energy to prepare their food so these
animals together prepare their own food
whether it is photosynthetic or
chemosynthetic examples are plants some
algae and bacteria so plants fall under
the category of photosynthetic so under
the category of photosynthetic we can
give the examples of plants under the
category of chemosynthetic we can
consider some bacteria for example
there're some specific bacterias excel
for bacteria or nitrosomonas bacteria
which is generally found in the soil
these kind of organisms are
chemosynthetic techniques they prepare
their own food with the help of chemical
energy so this is all about autotrophic
nutrition let us now look at the
heterotrophic nutrition heterotrophic
nutrition means these organisms depend
on others for their food examples
animals humans fungi so all animals is a
very general term under which should be
you will have so many different types of
organisms right so all animals including
human beings fungi they are all intro
tropics today they all depend on others
for their food so if you gave examples
of us human beings so many of you would
might think that why even we prepare our
own food we have seen our walls
preparing food in the kitchen she is
preparing our food so we are preparing
our own food so we should wonder from it
but that is not how it is we are
preparing food we are actually what we
are doing in the kitchen is bad we are
actually modifying the food materials in
a tastier form or in a consumable form
but from where he'll be getting those
raw materials which we use in the
kitchen for example what do we cook we
cook the vegetables which we are in from
or those who are vegetarian they cook
meat which we obtain from animals or we
were their egg which again you obtain
from animals so whatever it all
materials which we use for our food we
are being then either from plants or
animals so that means we are also
heterotrophic correct so now
heterotrophic also can be classified
into many different types
the first one is saprophytic the word
sack true itself means dead
the term Sacro means dead so sacrificing
mode is the mode wherein the organism
feed on dead and decomposed matter
so sacrifice it in saprophytic mode of
nutrition if the organism obtains its
food from dead and decomposed matter so
from the organism will actually feed on
dead plants and animals and the example
for of sacrifice is fungi so fungi are
the sacrifice they feed on dead and
decayed objects the next one is
parasitic what is parasitic parasitic
means there are some organisms which
leave inside the body of another
organism and obtain its food from that
organism let us look at this example you
would have heard that many people have
worms inside their stomach so they got
some stomach infection because of the
presence of some homes so what are these
worms
these ones are also living organisms but
they are living inside our body and they
are getting their food from our body
right so they are also heterotrophic but
in order to get their food they are
living inside another organisms body so
they are known as parasitic right so
examples of parasitic would be class
luteum the malarial parasite what is
final area parasite when a mosquito by
the malaria is generally caused by
mosquito bite so what happens when the
mosquito bites us it actually transfers
this Plasmodium parasite into our blood
so now the Plasmodium parasite stays
inside our body it gets its nutrients
from our body and cause a disease called
malaria in our body so another example
of parasitic would be nice the rice
which is present in our hair it Octane's
nutrition from our body so the our these
are all examples of parasitic organisms
not only Plasmodium there are many kind
of worms which also stay inside the body
of another organisms the third one is
hollow soil what does hollows wait
hollow so it means in think of complex
organic matter as food that means there
are some organisms which take complex
food
complex organic matter is taken as food
the best example is human beings what do
we eat
we eat things like rice wheat bread or
bread or meat so if you look out there
they are all complex things they are not
I mean we do not take glucose as food
glucose is something which is very
simple but now those simple things
combine together to form complex things
and we we take those complex things as
food so what happens is that like I
suppose if we take in rice as I
mentioned before also the cells inside
our body cannot directly utilize that
rice or energy so that rice since it is
a complex matter it had to it happens to
be broken down into simpler forms and
what are those simpler forms simpler
forms are like glucose which make the
carbohydrates glucose will combine
together and it will form all complex
molecules to form very complex
carbohydrates similarly proteins when
the talk of proteins they are made up of
the basic units of cooking rather empire
acids so many amino acids will combine
together and then they will form
proteins right similarly fats fats are
again formed by many fatty acids so you
would have studied about the structure
of all these things in your chemistry if
you want to know more about the
structure of these kind of things like
carbohydrates proteins or fats you can
refer to the video on biomolecules on
chemistry class 12 just order
information so basically holosuite means
there are animals will take in complex
organic matter as their food and the
best examples of all awake animals are
human beings thank you please visit
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