Properties of Hydrogen Video Lecture | Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

in this video you're going to examine
the properties and uses of hydrogen
hydrogen is a colorless odorless gas at
room temperature and is the first
element in the periodic table as an
element it is a diatomic gas with a
molecular weight of 2 making it the
least dense of all gases this
low-density made it a natural choice for
one of its first practical uses filling
airships but this future ended when
Hindenburg airship caught fire on the
6th of May 1937 hydrogen is easily the
most abundant element in the universe it
is found in the Sun and most other stars
and the giant planets like Jupiter are
composed mostly of hydrogen on earth it
is found in water fossil fuels and
living things but very little as the
element on its own in the chemical
industry it is used to make ammonia for
agricultural fertilizer Harbor process
and to make cyclohexane methanol which
are needed to make plastics and
pharmaceuticals it is also used to
remove sulfur from fuels during the oil
refining process when it forms the bad
egg smelling gas hydrogen sulfide h2s
large quantities of hydrogen are used to
hydrogenate vegetable oils to form fats
for example to make margarine the H in
the pH scale denotes hydrogen it
represents the concentration of hydrogen
ions in water when the pH is more than 7
the solution is acidic and it is the
hydrant or more strictly the hydroxo Nia
my on that makes the acids reactive thus
metals above hydrogen in the reactivity
series normally react with acids to form
hydrogen like zinc with hydrochloric
acid however if the metals from
insoluble salt little reaction will
occur for example
in sulfuric or hydrochloric acids
aluminium metal although well above
hydrogen is covered with a tight layer
rocks RH protects it from acid corrosion
unreactive metals below hydrogen do not
displace hydrogen in acids the most
reactive metals will react with water
itself sodium for example you can tap a
hydrogen by exposing it to a flame it
ignites with a squeak on top and you can
see condensation in the tube as water is
formed
although hydrogen is an essential
element for life it doesn't play a
particularly active role it remains
bonded to carbon and oxygen atoms whilst
the chemistry of life takes place at the
more active sites involving for example
oxygen nitrogen and phosphorus when
fossil fuels form these more reactive
elements are removed during the decay
process leaving the hydrocarbon skeleton
behind as crude oil and natural gas
if we compare coal oil and natural gas
and hydrogen as fuels you can see that
when they combine with oxygen coal and
crude oil produce the most carbon
dioxide so using natural gas in place of
oil and coal does help reduce carbon
dioxide emissions hydrogen which only
comes water when it burns could be the
clean fuel for the future but the
hydrogen must be generated from water
using replenishable energy hydrogen has
three isotopes normal hydrogen with one
proton in the nucleus the very rare
deuterium or heavy hydrogen with a
proton and one Neutron with twice the
atomic weight of normal hydrogen and the
artificially made radioactive tritium
with three neutrons these isotopes are
being used by scientists trying to copy
the fusion reaction of hydrogen in the
stars to get clean nuclear energy
currently all nuclear power stations use
fission reactions where very large atoms
like uranium break apart producing lots
of radioactive waste so there you have
it hydrogen a fuel for the future
and the element that helps carbon form
the backbone of life itself