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Methods to Remove Temporary and Permanent Hardness (part - 2) Video Lecture - NEET

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FAQs on Methods to Remove Temporary and Permanent Hardness (part - 2) Video Lecture - NEET

1. What is the difference between temporary and permanent hardness of water?
Ans. Temporary hardness of water is caused by the presence of dissolved bicarbonate minerals, such as calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate. It can be easily removed by boiling the water or by adding lime or soda ash. Permanent hardness, on the other hand, is caused by the presence of dissolved sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates of calcium and magnesium. It cannot be removed by boiling and requires other methods like ion exchange or lime-soda process.
2. How does boiling water remove temporary hardness?
Ans. Boiling water for a certain period of time can remove temporary hardness because it causes the bicarbonate minerals to decompose. When these minerals decompose, they convert into insoluble carbonates, which can be easily separated from the water by filtration or sedimentation. This process effectively reduces the temporary hardness of water.
3. What is the lime-soda process for removing permanent hardness of water?
Ans. The lime-soda process is a common method used to remove permanent hardness from water. In this process, lime (calcium hydroxide) and soda ash (sodium carbonate) are added to the water. These chemicals react with the calcium and magnesium ions present in the water, forming insoluble precipitates. These precipitates can then be removed through sedimentation or filtration, resulting in a reduction in the permanent hardness of water.
4. Can water softeners remove both temporary and permanent hardness?
Ans. Yes, water softeners can remove both temporary and permanent hardness of water. Water softeners typically use ion exchange resin to replace the calcium and magnesium ions responsible for hardness with sodium ions. This process effectively reduces both types of hardness. However, it is important to note that water softeners may not be effective in removing certain types of permanent hardness caused by sulfates, chlorides, or nitrates.
5. Are there any health risks associated with drinking hard water?
Ans. Drinking hard water is generally considered safe and does not pose any significant health risks. In fact, the minerals present in hard water, such as calcium and magnesium, can be beneficial for the body. However, consuming extremely hard water may lead to the formation of kidney stones in individuals prone to such conditions. Additionally, the presence of excessive minerals in hard water can cause scale formation in pipes and appliances, reducing their efficiency and lifespan.
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