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Chemical Properties of Alkali Metals - 1 Video Lecture - Inorganic Chemistry
FAQs on Chemical Properties of Alkali Metals - 1
| 1. What are alkali metals? |  |
Ans. Alkali metals are a group of chemical elements that belong to the first column of the periodic table. They include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These metals are highly reactive and have distinct chemical properties.
| 2. What are the chemical properties of alkali metals? | |
Ans. Alkali metals have several notable chemical properties. They are highly reactive and readily lose their outermost electron to form a +1 cation. They have low ionization energies, low electronegativities, and low melting and boiling points. Alkali metals also react vigorously with water, oxygen, and halogens.
| 3. Why are alkali metals highly reactive? | |
Ans. Alkali metals are highly reactive due to their low ionization energies. These metals have only one valence electron in their outermost energy level, which is loosely held by the positively charged nucleus. As a result, alkali metals readily lose this electron to form a stable cation, leading to their high reactivity.
| 4. What happens when alkali metals react with water? | |
Ans. When alkali metals react with water, they produce hydrogen gas and an alkali metal hydroxide. For example, when sodium reacts with water, it forms sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and releases hydrogen gas (H2). This reaction is highly exothermic and can result in the alkali metal vigorously fizzing, producing heat, and sometimes even igniting.
| 5. How do alkali metals react with halogens? | |
Ans. Alkali metals react with halogens, such as chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I), to form ionic compounds called alkali metal halides. For example, when sodium reacts with chlorine, it forms sodium chloride (NaCl). These reactions are highly exothermic and result in the transfer of electrons from the alkali metal to the halogen atom.
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