Silicon and Silicates Video Lecture - NEET

hello friends this video on p-block
limits part when you do is brought you
by example calm no more to fear from
exam let's talk about another important
upon call silicones silicones are
nothing but polymers which have our two
SI evil repeating example this guy r1 r2
to r2 SI o repeating form and form right
this is called silicones we will study
more about us in the organic chemistry
but isn't the standard silicon it has to
be in our to si oh you're kidding me
there are two bars it has to be equal at
Li here both are the type if it is fine
who has to be the type by it so this has
to be equal and si o and has to be
repeating and it'll be they will two
different compounds here this can be our
two in this can be our tree it can be
different also
but this these both has to be right it
has to be repeating at sample this is
also repeating at C this is the tiny
blue madness is something else
so what I'm saying is it is nothing but
organosilicon polygons which have our
two s ions repeating so please note two
things here are two s io group has to be
there and it has to be repeating see the
N here it has to be then only it is
silicon correct so it is named silicones
and they why because it's formula is
similar to ketones ketones you know our
to see you so since the empirical
formula is similar to kit on it is named
similar
silicones since silicon is important
right let's try to understand the
preparation of silicon how to prepare
sleep on the starting material for the
preparation of silicon is a royal or
alloy such a to Silicon chloride it has
to be in this fashion
example if you put n is equal to 2 it
has to be R to s ice you put n is equal
to 1 it has to be R as I CLE something
of this is what we'll use it H a this
has to be in this form right then are
the alkali your eye it has to be me
hi the oral - it has to be in this form
that is the starting material so let's
first prepare this starting with you how
to prepare this of starting material so
you take this ch3cl
that silicon copper powder is a catalyst
at 570 Kelvin you get this example if
you see this is something we should we
are looking for right this is our two
others here the tile are 2 si si el
right so once I had this - this one and
this compound is dye with high chloride
dichlorite silicon or dichloro Snicket
dimethyl like pure silicon so once you
create this what you do is you -
hydrolyzes of this so once and we were
done with the hydrolysis then you do
condensation polymerization so we will
learn more about this in the I to cover
chart or if you don't understand this
just think that something like this
exists understand about this in the
hydrocarbon chapter and this is so the
first thing was we had to get this awry
or arise substitute silicon carbide this
is a little - right right so I have got
this silicon right how I got this little
right I got this CS 3 cm in that I added
silicon copper polar bottom was the
catalyst 570 kill me I got this all
right
silicon chloride and this is diamond
right Lauro silicon and once I add this
what I am doing is I am doing a
hydrolysis so I am doing hydrolyzes I'm
adding one water molecule and moving
this to anyone this is what I am getting
is you should have chlorine I am getting
not Oh H right because I am doing
hydrolyzed and hydrolysis nothing but
you remove the chlorine or any halogens
with ish so I got this once I got this I
am doing a poly condensation
polymerization so if you see I'm doing a
condensation polymerization and I get
this so this is the process of getting
silicon silicon so as I told has to be
in this form are - si oh you know you
know chain group you know because
multiple of this has to be there with
some other here alright so to get this
the starting material is my awry or Alki
silicon chlorides I have to get
first I am going is I'm meeting ch3cl
right this is methyl chloride I am
adding with silicon and this pie 70
Kidman I am getting this all right
chloride this is dimethyl chloro silicon
sealing right and then I once I have
this I'm doing hydrolysis of this
removing the chlorine molecule and with
which molecules actually and then I am
going a condensation polarization all
right and the chain length of this can
be controlled by adding C SCSI CL with
blocks let's understand the uses of
silicon the first is it is since it is
surrounded by nonpolar
Alki look so it's water repelling in
nature right so it is nonpolar al-qaeda
group we have seen it is something like
this r1 something like this right so in
this case all nonpolar alkyl groups when
they are water repelling in nature and
they have very high thermal stability
and their user sealant grease and for
electric insulators and they are also
used for waterproof fabric because they
are water repelling in nature and they
are also used for surgical and cosmetic
implants as sometimes people get this no
surgery done or surgery of other parts
so till they are biocompatible they are
biocompatible so they are used for
surgical operation also let's talk about
another important compound of
self-analysis indicates so the silicate
silicates nothing but solids with
silicon oxygen bonds
please don't silicon oxygen bond has to
be there
right and a large number of this
silicates exist in nature examples in
feldspar zeolite my cars esters will
discuss more about G rights in the next
slide right so if you see the basic
stuff shield is sio4 - so if you see all
this oxygens has negative charge the
whole thing has -4 charge by the
and this is the shape in the tetrahedral
fashion the most important man-made
silicates are the glass in the cement
they are the man-made silicates and
these is a classified into various
shapes actly
ortho silicate they have a little pile
of silicates you have cyclic circuits we
have changed silicates we have seen
silicates and we also have three
dimensional secrets so will not discuss
the structure of these linkages
understand that is the different
structure of silicates available in the
nature as I told will discuss about gee
life is nothing but type of silicates
this is the shape of the joyrides
Ashley you see and these are micro
porous and there normally uses absorb
and they also use for filtering stuffs
also we have discussed right in the
chapter last after a very we talked
talked about the softening of water
maybe use silicates so the gia is to
purify water correct so the aluminum
item replace few silicon atoms in this
the overall is got aluminum silicates
and this geo lights are also used as
catalyst in the petrochemical industry
and also used to convert alcohols to
castle and so these are also used for
ion exchangers in softening of hot water
this is something we should have
discussed in the last chapter away we
talked about how to soften the hard
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