Determination of Sex of a Baby Video Lecture - Class 8

hello friends this video on adolescents
part nine is brought to you by exam for
calm no more fear from exam so now we go
on to more the various changes that take
place during adolescence both in males
as well as female now since we are
talking about menstrual cycle we are
talking about pregnancy so another
interesting question that might arise in
your mind is let's suppose that a woman
is pregnant
the when she is pregnant just by looking
at her we get to know that locations
that were really in her room now how do
you know whether that baby is going to
be a baby girl or a goonie boy in fact
first of first of all we will not know
as such the second thing is even if it
is a baby boy or a baby girl how do we
move I mean what decides that it is
going to be a girl or a boy what the
science the sex of the child so that is
one will be something very interesting
so let us try to understand that what
happens exactly inside because now how a
woman gets pregnant that is clear to us
that happens when the sperm is able to
fertilize the egg within 24 hours of
ovulation that is when a woman can
become pregnant now the question is
during this process of fertilization
what is that special thing which decides
that the child is going to be a baby boy
or a baby good so let us talk about sex
determination what determines the states
of the China now there are chances in
fact there is a 50/50 chance that the
baby can be a boy or the baby can be a
girl but what exactly decides that in
order to understand that we may have to
understand a few concepts before that
first of all we have to be clear about
the concept of human chromosomes now all
of us have learned about cells like that
our body is made of all cells
human needs an antecedent organism so
body is made up of many cents now we
have also studied about the structure of
each cell so inside each cell we have a
nucleus so body has made up of cell
inside the cell we have a nucleus so you
see this is the nucleus if you magnify
this nucleus inside the nucleus we have
trailing structures which are called
chromatin in fact these probably
condense to form rotten egg structures
called chromosomes so these are
chromosomes and my chromosomes are
important because they play a very
important role during the process of
cell division that is when cell form new
cells now by chromosome is important
because chromosomes contain genes and
genes contains nothing but B and a and B
a me is the genetic material so that
information for inheritance when the
traits you would have seen that many of
us resemble our parents maybe you
resemble your father or you resemble
your mother so how that resemblance come
because the characters get passed on
from one generation to the next
generation how we get passed on through
genes and these genes are present in the
chromosomes so basically chromosomes are
responsible for fasting nutrients from
one generation to the next generation so
they are extremely important in your
higher classes when you learn about
genetics then you will see that how
important proposals are so for now I did
not get into all those details what I
want to spin us every human cell contain
46 chromosomes so this number is fixed
so all the cells in our body contains
what is six corazon the only exception
is the gametes that is the sex cells so
every body I mean if if it is a male it
will have between produce male gametes
if it is a female and it will produce
feeling damage what is the male gamete
spa and what does it mean
me over so small mind over they even
being half the number of chromosomes
that is 23 chromosomes so what does it
mean it means that inside our body all
the cells all the body cells will
contain 46 chromosomes and his
chromosomes exist in pairs so there if
we total 23 pairs of chromosomes inside
each and every cell the only exception
is the sextons or the gametes which are
specialized cells with half the number
of chromosomes when compared to the body
cells right so at least understand this
very clearly now while the damage have
half the number of chromosomes that's
because if you look at the process of
fertilization during fertilization what
happens the father
releases this form and the mother will
he says the ovum or the egg cell and
these two fuse together to form the
single cell what is I got and this is I
got will undergo repeated division to
form that employer and the employer
later will form the fetus and the
freezers will form the baby so that is
how the process of reproduction take
place now as I said each and every cell
of our body has 46 chromosomes but sperm
and ovum has only 23 so this has 23
chromosomes this has 23 chromosomes when
they both combine that I got has 46
chromosomes and this zygote will have
that woman with multiple repeated
division to form the impressive asically
it reach to the same number because this
I got is just any other body said so it
should have 46 chromosomes so that is my
sperm and ovum has half the number of
chromosomes so that when they combine
together they give rise to myself with
what is mix chromosomes so this is this
clear right so now let's see what are
those 46 chromosomes so those 46
chromosomes look somewhat like this so
here I'm shortening pairs so you see
everywhere it is a pair so total number
of rows
what the six that means there exists of
Bluebell all 23 pairs
now about these 23 pairs 22 pairs are
same in male and female whether it is a
male or a female 22 pairs will remain
the same and these 22 pairs are called
as or two zones because they are the
same in males and females here you see
from their number one to pay a number 22
so they are the same so here you can see
from BMI 1 to pay a number 22 they are
all autosomes and what about the 23rd
pair so 23rd pair is the sex chromosome
which is different in male and female so
if it is a male so this is the sex
chromosome and why it is part six
proposal because this promotion
determines the sex of the person now if
it is a pain in case of a bail this
takes flows over is going to be x1 that
is the two chromosomes because all the
chromosomes you can see they exist in
pairs so two of them exist together so
if it is only if the sex chromosomes
both are different from each other one
is X minus y so one is longer the other
one is shorter and if it is a female in
case of a female both of them are
identical which is denoted as X X right
so if it is a male it is going to be X Y
if it is female it is going to be X X so
this is how the 23rd chromosome which is
also called the sex chromosome is in
case of male and female so if you talk
about the person who is a boy or a male
or a man so in in that person each cell
of his body will have total 46
chromosomes out of which 22 pairs will
be same as females but the last pair
that is the sex chromosome will be XY
you know all the cells of this body
similarly in case of females in all the
cells of her body the sex chromosome
will be exact so that is the difference
between male and female so this next
rows of determines what will be the
gender of that person that person will
be amazed
or a female and this X chromosome also
determines the baby which is going to be
born to a couple so let me see how that
happens now females as I said they have
a perfect pair of sex chromosomes that
is X X perfect pair because both are
identical so X X will be for females now
for meals they have mismatched pair of
sex chromosome because both are not
identical that is X right so you see egg
white this shorter than X so that is why
they have X Y now during the formation
of spawns
now these chromosomes are present in
every cell right in each cell of the
body there are 46 chromosome but this
man is going to release the spawn and
Rodriguez a sperm has only 23
chromosomes that is half the number of
chromosomes so inside the sponge the sex
chromosome that is the last pair when
the third pair will also not exist as a
pair so one of these will exist either H
will exist or viable aces so the sperm
can contain either the X chromosome or
the Y chromosome both of them will not
exist
try to understand this like every cell
has 46 chromosomes so in what is
exclusive exists then it exists like
this in hairs and 2/3 23 pairs will
exist like this now when I talk about a
spawn one ovum it has 23 chromosomes
that means the two pillars will not
exist only one one will exist from each
pair so that is how the liquid in three
will exist here so now it won't you mind
exists of the pair so the last pair that
is the sex chromosomes has two different
X or Y so even a X will be present in
the spawn or might be representing this
phone but in case of female the female
will leave them over by the egg cell so
this also has 23 total chromosomes so
therefore the sex chromosome and also
have only one out of
but both her eggs so it is quite obvious
that female will always contribute eggs
in its egg segment okay so now during
future and what will happen a sperm will
fuse with the over now this one can be X
or the sperm can also have white but the
ovum will always be X so therefore this
is your ovum so the sex chromosome
inside the home will always be X but the
sperm can be x sperm can be Y as well
so if so if this X combines this pump
has X in that is this and this will
combine together to form X X and X X is
a girl so a girl will be born but if the
sperm which fuses them or which
fertilizes the egg if it contains Y in
that is it will be X Y so a boy will be
born so that means it is the spawn which
decides whether a girl will be born or a
boy will be born so basically the father
decides the sex of the child so this is
how sex is determined this is how it is
determined whether the baby will be a
baby boy or a baby good so I hope this
concept is clear to you see this is a
very important concept now these terms
are new to you so it might be little
confusing but this word sweet over it
again first try to understand water
chromosomes now every cell inside our
body will have 46 chromosomes only eight
section is perm and over
so now sperm contains only half the
chromosome that is 23 so all your pair
of chromosome will get half ot one of
the two will be present in the sperm now
since the sex chromosome when has two
different chromosomes one is X minus y
so it is possible that the song contains
by X it is also possible that the spawn
contains Y so there are two different
possibilities but in case of female the
sex chromosome contains both identical
so it is very obvious that the woman
will contain X now there is one
possibility where the spawn until you X
can fuse with the open there is another
possibility but the spawn is y and it
fuses with us over so depending upon
whether the sperm contains X chromosome
or by cruising the sex of the child is
determined so now if I ask you who
decides the sex of the child is it the
mother or the father yes of course it is
the father who decides the sex of the
child now in India it has often been
seen that in remote areas people want
that a boy should be born because they
feel that boys are better than girls
that's how it was taught is still there
in some of the remote areas of our
country and it has often been observed
that if a girl is born people often
start gaining the mother who gave birth
to the bottom to the good and they say
that okay it is because of all that a
girl is born but a button is they were
responsible for the gender of the child
it is it all depends upon the father
so father is the one who decides whether
the child will be a boy or a girl
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