UPSC Exam > UPSC Videos > Decline of Mughal Empire(Later Mughals)- Part 3
Decline of Mughal Empire(Later Mughals)- Part 3 Video Lecture - UPSC
FAQs on Decline of Mughal Empire(Later Mughals)- Part 3
| 1. What were the major factors contributing to the decline of the Mughal Empire during the Later Mughals period? |  |
Ans. The decline of the Mughal Empire during the Later Mughals period can be attributed to several factors. One major factor was the weak leadership and succession disputes among the Mughal rulers, which led to political instability and internal conflicts. Additionally, the empire faced continuous external invasions from regional powers such as the Marathas and the Persians, weakening their hold on various territories. Economic mismanagement, including excessive taxation and the decline of trade, also played a significant role in the empire's decline.
| 2. How did religious and social factors contribute to the decline of the Mughal Empire? | |
Ans. Religious and social factors played a crucial role in the decline of the Mughal Empire during the Later Mughals period. The policies of Aurangzeb, who implemented a strict Islamic agenda and persecuted non-Muslims, created a sense of discontent among the diverse religious communities within the empire. This led to revolts and uprisings, further weakening the empire's stability. Social factors, including the rigid caste system and the decline of the nobility's loyalty to the empire, also contributed to the empire's decline.
| 3. How did the decline of trade and economy impact the Later Mughals? | |
Ans. The decline of trade and economy had a significant impact on the Later Mughals. During this period, the empire faced economic mismanagement, excessive taxation, and the decline of trade routes due to political instability and external invasions. This resulted in a decrease in revenue for the empire, leading to financial burdens and an inability to maintain a large army or effectively govern the territories. The decline of trade also affected the prosperity of the empire's major cities, resulting in a decline in urban life and cultural activities.
| 4. What role did the regional powers, such as the Marathas and the Persians, play in the decline of the Mughal Empire? | |
Ans. Regional powers such as the Marathas and the Persians played a crucial role in the decline of the Mughal Empire during the Later Mughals period. Both powers sought to expand their territories and influence, often clashing with the Mughals. The Marathas, under the leadership of Shivaji and later his successors, launched several campaigns against the Mughals, weakening their hold on various territories. The Persian ruler, Nader Shah, invaded India in 1739 and looted Delhi, further diminishing the Mughal Empire's power and authority.
| 5. How did the weak leadership and succession disputes impact the Later Mughal Empire? | |
Ans. Weak leadership and succession disputes had a profound impact on the Later Mughal Empire. After the death of Aurangzeb, the empire witnessed a series of weak rulers who were unable to effectively govern and protect the empire's territories. Succession disputes among the Mughal princes often led to wars and power struggles, resulting in political instability and internal conflicts. This weakened the empire's central authority, making it vulnerable to external invasions and regional powers seeking to expand their influence.
Text Transcript from Video
hello everyone welcome to modern history
lecture series this is the third part of
topic the decline of Mughal Empire in
last video we discussed about later
Mughals Bahadur Shah Jahan dasha
phyrexia reviewed Rajah and reviewed
dalla and we saw that they were so
incapable that because of them the
decline of Mughal Empire started so in
this video we will get to know about
Mohammad Shah a mature and a very
important events which took place during
their reign that is invasion of nadir
Shah and invasion of amateur agalya
Mohammad Shah Mohammad Shah became the
next successor of Mughal Empire after
parousia Mohammad Shah was of eighteen
years at the time of assuming the throne
he was the grandson of maharaja one and
sanam zsa zsa zsa zsa zsa was killed in
1712 during the war of succession after
the death of Bahadur Shah and that war
of succession was won by Farooq Zia
Muhammad Shah was not very independent
ruler and in fact he remained puppet at
the hands of Syed brothers for whole 1yo
regarding sayyid brothers we have
discussed about them in our last video
syan rather placed him under the strict
check that made him resolute to get rid
of him they they used to control
muhammad shah to such an extent that
muhammad shah wanted to get rid of him
along with Emperor himself there were so
many other Nobles from other factions as
we have discussed in our last video that
Syed brothers they were from Hindustani
group there were many factions in the
Mughal there ba like Hindustani of
cannae irani and Syed brother they were
from Hindustani group and because of
this faction the nobles and ministers of
other faction they used to dislike sigh
another and mean among them were from
the Taurani and irani group so because
of the jealousy of Durrani irani groups
and Muhammad Shah himself they wanted to
get rid of this ayah brother so finally
it was being possible
because of the conspiracy of the Taurani
armies and they conspired to kill them
and Mohammed Shah was successful in
getting rid of the brothers in 1722 with
the help of Nizam will wolf we have
discussed in brief about nizam al-mulk
also in our last video and we will
discuss further about him in detail when
we will discuss the topic rise of new
autonomous state and as I have told you
earlier one that he was the founder of
Hyderabad state so with the help of
nizam al-mulk Mohammad Shah was able to
get rid of this layered brother because
Mohammed Shah was like a puppet at the
hands of Surya brothers so he appointed
him as his huazhi so nizam al-mulk
became powerful and he was appointed as
a fazil after the murder of both
brothers if we see about the Mohammad
Shah that what kind of ruler he was
Mohammad Shah was very weak minded he
was very frivolous and he was very fond
of easygoing life life or of ease and
luxury and that is why in some records
he's been referred as his name as
Mohammad Shah regula because he was fond
of colorful life and if we see is
administrative qualities he was very
incapable he was covered also he was
pleasure lover and he neglected the
state he was not at all interested in
performing his duties towards the state
instead he was always busy with the
luxury he was always busy with
entertainment he his soul used to thrive
on vine music poetry and took great
dislike and this was not liked by the
religious light as there were groups in
the light people and Mohammad Shah this
credit goes to Mohammad Shah that he
created a new light group in the Garba
and they were known as the intellectual
alights earlier there were only known as
the entertainer's those entertainers
they were given a status as an
intellectual alight during the time of
Mohammad Shah and
your status was also raised during his
reign and as he himself was not at all
interested in the states of pure he used
to follow his buzina Zalman would he
gave full support to variable Y Z nizam
al-mulk corruption increased during the
reign of Mohammed Shah and Mohammed Shah
was so fascinated by his own flatterers
who were so worthless and corrupt and he
Emperor himself used to share in the
bribes which were taken by his favourite
koteas also during his reign the process
of degeneration of Empire started and
the period witnessed the rise of many
independent and semi independent state
in the time of Mohammad Shah under the
leadership of Bajirao of Marathas he had
crossed the duckin and reach till Delhi
we have seen during the time of
Aurangzeb who believed in the policy of
expansion
he had expanded his empire to such a
great extent but during the time of
Mohammad Shah the Empire shrink and
under the leadership of Bajirao Marathas
the whole empire shrinked till Delhi and
during his time as the disintegration of
Empire started Somme and many new
autonomous state arise like Bengal whose
founder was mashite coolican Ovid under
Sadat Khan Hyderabad nizam al-mulk
murattal and Mathura ad under balancing
ganga jamuna dwop under rohila Farooq
Abad under bunga's nawab all these state
were established as a new autonomous
state we will discuss about these state
that how these states were founded later
on in detail say eight brothers during
Mohammad Shah Ryan we saw that more
mature wanted to get rid of the sayyid
brothers say yes brother they were also
known as king makers so after the death
of Faruk CR they ascended Mohammed Shah
in 1719 as the successor of the Mughal
Empire their main motive was to rule
through the medium of an imperial puppet
but Mohammed
she wanted to get rid of them he refused
to be controlled by them so because of
the Mohammad Shah his own jealousy and
because of the jealousy of some other
factions like Durrani irani group the
main among them were the leader of the
rival being called - Rani potty nizam
al-mulk who supported the emperor
against the sayeth brothers and both
brother they fell victim of the mughal
court politics of all chin coolidge khan
Sadiq Khan Heather Khan it medulla and
King himself
they were prominent in conspiring
against the Shia 'the brothers hussain
ali was assassinated and to take the
revenge of his brother's death abdullah
made futile effort to place another
puppet on the throne but he was defeated
imprisoned and subsequently poisoned in
1722 the death of both brother Hussain
early and Abdullah Khan lot of planning
plotting conspiracy started taking place
in the Mughal Empire and because of
these conspiracies and because of these
group ISM it led to the decline of the
Mughal Empire what were the main reason
that these king makers they fell victim
of the Mughal Court because there was so
many group again there were so many
groups and Durrani group under the
leadership of nizam al-mulk he was very
able under his leadership
this group was becoming more powerful
and cyah Garuda was from they were from
Hindustani group because of these
difference in the faction it was the
main reason that say year brother they
lost the pleasure of the emperor and
they were defeated and killed Mazama
wolf he was appointed as the governor of
of Earth after the death of orang C and
he remained the governor of our earth
till the death of Bahadur Shah because
he left his post after the death of
Bahadur Shah in 1712 he was called upon
by Faruk CR when Farouk's are ascended
the throne
and he convinced him to take the post of
governor pop ducking and Farouk's are
also conferred the title of nizam
al-mulk over him and he was called by
Faruk CR to fight against the sayyid
brothers because the influence of saeed
brothers was increasing peroxy are in
this overall fight he was killed but
later on
Nizam was successful in defeating Saeed
brother and we will see that when say
yet brother after the death of peroxy
are they ascended refuge Raja
then referred Allah and after that
Muhammad char to the throne Mohammed
Shah also took help of Nizam mobile to
get rid of sayyid brothers the samel was
successful in getting rid of Sayed
brothers and he was rewarded with the
post of Vasile in the court of Mohammed
at the court Nizam would will did tried
a lot to put the things in order but all
his efforts they were not accepted by
the pleasure-loving ruler and his flat
rose and even urged the emperor to be
more careful about he even urged the
emperor to his sense of duty but his
strict discipline provoked dislike in
jealousy in all the groups soon he felt
very unhappy and after that he was not
at all interested in the Mughal durbar
and he set his heart on the Viceroyalty
of the duckin he said his heart over the
governorship as of ossie he had added
malva and Gujarat to the governorship of
Dhaka he was disgusted with the fickle
mindedness and suspicious nature of the
Emperor and nizam al-mulk he was the
most powerful noble of his time he
decided to pursue his own ambition and
in 1723 he gave a reason that he is
going on and hunting expedition he
headed towards the dokkan and this made
muhammad shah offended and he appointed
mubarak on at its place as a
full-fledged governor of duckin and he
also instructed Mubarak on
that he should send nizam dead or alive
to the court as the emperor had declared
him disloyal an appointed new body scan
as the governor of ducking but mubarak
on was defeated in the Battle of Shakur
Kara because Nizam with the help of
Bajirao he was able to defeat the moobot
is Khun and now the Nizam became the
sole master of overall ducking so
finally in 1725 Muhammad Shah having no
other option have to appoint him again
the governor of ducking and he also gave
him the title Asif Jah the Zaman work
had established the state of Hyderabad
in 1724 and after the death of Nizam on
one common routine Khan who was the son
of Amin Khan was made the Vezina of
Mohammed shocked because Nizam had set
his own state of Hyderabad and he had
left the post of Vizier so after Nizam
Amol camara Dean Khan was appointed as
the regime of Muhammad Shah them are
very important incident took place
during the Muhammad Shah role was the
invasion of Natasha Natasha was born in
Corazon it's a city in Iran in 1688 he
was known as the Napoleon of Iran and in
1736 he became the ruler of Persia his
troops captured Isfahan from Safavid
dynasty is fahan it's a city in Iran and
regarding Safavid dynasty we have
discussed about this dynasty in our
first video and after that he founded
its own dynasty of sharee dynasty and in
1738 nader shah conquered kandar and
that was the last outpost of the hotaki
dynasty in afghanistan so he captured
Gondar then he began to launch raids
across the Hindu Kush mountains in the
northern India and during that time it
was under the Mughal Empire now the shop
was very ambitious
ruler and also he was known as a
merciful enemy he wanted to spread his
Dominion at the expense of its
neighboring country and his first aim in
this step was to occupy kandar which he
occupied in 1738 during the time when
nadia was trying to expand its Dominion
Mughal Empire was declining and we have
all discussed and Marathas as the
Marathas has captured vast territories
during the time of Mohammad Shah and we
saw that Mohammed Shah also could not
stop the disintegration of its Empire so
many new states they disintegrated to
form a new autonomous state though the
imperial court was weak the
administration was very weak but as such
if we see the wealthwise country was
extremely rich Delhi was prospering and
its prestige was still very high so
Nadia Shah was attracted by the
country's wealth and he saw to plunder
like so many other foreign invaders they
had done before and he was not able to
fulfill his this dream as long as kandar
was not conquered so in 1738 he attacked
kandar because if kandar was not
conquered it would remain a menace to
the safety of persia and constantly it
will disturb the peace and prosperity of
Khorasan moreover without the conquest
of kandar full heritage of safavids
could not be said to have come into his
possession because he wanted to extend
his dominion and he attacked condor in
1738 and because of which many of Gandhi
took shrine in Kabul and Ghazni then to
isolate Afghan rulers from the canton
Adisa entered into a correspondence with
the Mughal Emperor Mohammad Shah and he
said that Afghan fugitives all those who
wants to take shrine they should not
find a shelter in Kabul as Kabul was
under the Mughal Empire that time
Muhammad although he gave the assurances
to the nadi Shah
but in 1738 where Noddy shaquan Kirk and
higher number of Afghans they took
shelter at Kabul and Ghazni which is
Ghazni it's a Satine Afghanistan because
of this breach of promises on the part
of Mughal emperor Nadi dispatched
diplomats which was for the third time
towards the Delhi but these diplomats
they were attacked and murdered at
Jalalabad by the Mughal soldiers because
of this indifference of the Mughal
Emperor towards the diplomat of the
nadir Shah and the cruel treatment meted
out to the last diplomats it was like an
excuse for the nadi Shah to invade India
although he was also attracted towards
the wealth but he made this as its
excuse to invade the India Emperor also
insulted because he discontinued the
practice of exchange of diplomats with
the Persian coat that is now the Shahs
quote because earlier they used to be
exchange of these diplomats and all
these reasons gave the excuse to the
nadir Shah
to invade India so the reason was of
diplomats but the main reason could be
the wealth of Delhi
so in June 1730 a candle was used as the
first step to enter Ghazni and then
later occupied Kabul after that nadir
Shah crossed industry ver at a talk and
occupied Lahore both governor of Cibola
Lahore they accepted the serenity of
Nadi shop they surrendered without
resistance and they joined him in a
march towards Delhi in 1739 the true
read saw him then it reached Ambala
which is in present dates in state of
Haryana then Aziza bath to Colonel and
then they marched towards the Delhi
Mughal Emperor Mohammed Shah was alarmed
towards the rapid advances of the Nadi
shop and he sent an army under the
leadership of nizam-ul-mulk
Komuro Dean and car Nader on to confront
the invaders and later on the army was
join
by Sudduth Khan both armies of Mughal
and Aisha
they found near Colonel that is why it
is known as the Battle of colonel in the
metal of colonel mughal army and natasha
they found but Mughal army was not as
strong as Nadia's army and better only
lasted for three us and the result was
that mughal army was defeated the
weakness of mughal army was clear from
the fact that mughal army was not clear
about the whereabouts of the nadir shah
army and and they only got to know when
Nadia guards they attacked the Southwark
on baggage train and whole plans and
action of the Mughal army was also not
very organized as in the case of
Natasha's army so the result was that
the battle only lasted for three hours
in this petal Canadore involved I'd
Canada and I'd in the better so that
khan was imprisoned and his armor milk
then later on played a very important
role of peacekeeping between the mughal
army and nadir shah it was also agreed
that Nadia would get fifty lakhs rupees
20 lakhs immediately and then later the
rest amount in installments and in this
deal Nizam oil bull played a very
important role and Emperor was very
pleased with the services of nizam
al-mulk and he appointed him as mere
buck she as the dis post earlier the me
buck she posed was occupied by kana
Doran he was the mean Bakshi now after
the death of Canada Ron in the Battle of
Colonel nizamabad was appointed as mir
muk she but during that time the Mughal
administration was full of corrupt and
selfish people and Sadiq Khan was one of
them the reason behind the jealousy of
Sadiq Khan was that he wanted the post
of mir Bakshi but Mohammed Shah was so
pleased with nizam al-mulk
that he appointed him as the mere Bakshi
so because of this jealousy Southwark
and he conspired and his this selfish
act was very harmful for the Empire what
he did that he gave suggestion to
Natasha that he could get 20 corrodes if
he proceeded to Delhi and plunder royal
treasury Sadat Khan also told him
regarding the state of administration
and Delhi
Jonah Dasha was attracted towards the
wealth of Delhi
so now Nadia acceptance of the
Constitution and it led towards Delhi
Nadia shall reach Delhi on 28 March 1739
and it stayed at place near diwan-i-khas
where Shah Hodja used to live also
struck coins in his name but after two
days rumors spread that Nadia has died
and because of which many people
revolted and in this uprising people
they killed Nadia some soldiers and this
infuriated Natasha and Agnetha Shah
ordered general Massacre and around
30,000 people they were slaughtered and
at last and on the protection of
Mohammed Shah Massacre was stopped as
long as Nadia lived in Delhi its people
and truth they plundered Delhi also the
demanded 20 K roads from Sadat Khan and
finally a Sadat Khan was not able to pay
these 2000 rupees
so that Kant committed suicide after
Sadat Khan it's successors of the Jeong
paid to corrodes - Nadia shocked by
returning Nadia took Mughal Emperor Shah
Hodges royal throne that is very famous
Peacock Throne that they toss also very
expensive diamond Coenen and along with
that it took many writers carpenters
elephants horses stone cutters along
with it
Kohi knew in persian it means the
mountain of light it was extracted in
Golconda mine which is which comes in
telegin a region and at that time it
went under the possession of ruler
prataprudhra de tarragona ruler then it
went to Mallika for in South then to
Mughals after that another shot took
that do
in addition invasion then from the other
show it went to Afghan ruler Shah Shuja
then from Shah Shuja it went to Punjab
ruler Ranjit Singh and then to English
and nowadays it is in London as a part
of British crown jewels Mohammed Shah
also got his daughter married to nadir
Shah son and also he said under western
provinces of Kashmir and sent to another
shop Nadia while returning back
announced Mohammed Shah as the Emperor
after the death of Muhammad Shah in 1748
the next successor of Mughal Empire was
amateur during the reign of amateur
whole administration was under the Queen
Mother would the might who was Odom by
she was the core dancer whom amateur had
married and also eunuch Javed Khan even
Javed Khan was given the title of Nawab
mojado and amateur was such an incapable
ruler he was not farsighted person he
only devoted his flatterers and
supporter during the reign of amateur
Odom by had a saguaro 5000 and man Khan
who was Odom bhai's brother was also
given months above 6000 amateur evented
few foolish acts like he made his two
and half year son mayhem mood the
Governor of Punjab and one year old his
deputy and then he appointed a very
small boy as the governor of Kashmir and
15 year old boy his deputy so these were
the foolish acts done by amateur
corruption planning plotting factions
groupism it had become a major part of
the mughal durbar and among this nabob
of of earths of the jump played a very
important role he was he was appointed
as the Vizier so the job became so
powerful during the reign of amateur
that he started giving orders without
the Emperor permission after the murder
of Javed Khan
a queen mother would thereby removed sub
the junk from the Vizier post and
instead of him appointed grandson of
Nizam emerges within a module milk as
the Vizier of move older man a mother
more got a proposal passed in the Mughal
Empire to remove the Mughal emperor
amateur because of its incapability
amateur was removed he was deposed and
also blinded and he was executed in
prison by his own buzzie and after a
hamachi ah alum Guiteau was appointed as
the next Mughal ruler Amercia was
completely inefficient
he was very inexperienced an easygoing
lifestyle lover during the rule of
amateur amateure Abdali invaded India
several times amateur
Abdali was a young Afghan officer he was
also known as a Machado Rani because he
was the founder of Durrani Empire and is
regarded as the founder of modern state
of Afghanistan after the murder of
Natasha in 1947 amateur Abdali he became
an independent ruler of Gondar and soon
after can die amateur Abdali seized
Kabul and founded modern Kingdom of
Afghanistan he invaded India seven times
from 1748 to 1767 he was invited by the
Governor of Punjab Shah Nawaz to invade
India and in 1748 Amash Abdali invaded
for the very first time during his first
invasion he was defeated near-certain by
the prince a hammer Charles Mughal army
and with the help of moon
will will so the first invasion was
unsuccessful then emerge Abdali invaded
for the second time in 1749 then again
in 1749 he again crossed the frontier
and defeated Moyne old milk the Governor
of Punjab at this he was induced to
return on a promise by my new milk of an
animal
immittance of 14,000 rupees and during
this invasion the second invasion 1749
Mughal Emperor Mohammed Shah died
Abdali invaded for the third time in
1751 when he did not get regularly the
promised tribute a dolly attack Punjab
for the third time and he was given
provinces of Punjab and Sindh and during
this time Mughal Emperor was a mature as
the Mughal emperor Mohammed Shah had
died during the time of second invasion
so fearing a repetition of noddies
outrages Mughal emperor amateur appeased
Abdali by the surrender of Punjab and
Sindh the fourth invasion of Abdali took
place between 1753 to 1754 after the
death of my new milk who was the
Governor of Punjab vazhi a model milk
appointed Adina bacon as the Governor of
Punjab and it was took as an
interference by Abdali in the state
affairs of Punjab and therefore to
punish a modern milk
Abdali attacked for the fourth time we
will discuss about next Mughal emperor
Alamgir and also about the invasion of
amateur Abdali
there are 5th 6th and 7th envisions
thank you
lecture series this is the third part of
topic the decline of Mughal Empire in
last video we discussed about later
Mughals Bahadur Shah Jahan dasha
phyrexia reviewed Rajah and reviewed
dalla and we saw that they were so
incapable that because of them the
decline of Mughal Empire started so in
this video we will get to know about
Mohammad Shah a mature and a very
important events which took place during
their reign that is invasion of nadir
Shah and invasion of amateur agalya
Mohammad Shah Mohammad Shah became the
next successor of Mughal Empire after
parousia Mohammad Shah was of eighteen
years at the time of assuming the throne
he was the grandson of maharaja one and
sanam zsa zsa zsa zsa zsa was killed in
1712 during the war of succession after
the death of Bahadur Shah and that war
of succession was won by Farooq Zia
Muhammad Shah was not very independent
ruler and in fact he remained puppet at
the hands of Syed brothers for whole 1yo
regarding sayyid brothers we have
discussed about them in our last video
syan rather placed him under the strict
check that made him resolute to get rid
of him they they used to control
muhammad shah to such an extent that
muhammad shah wanted to get rid of him
along with Emperor himself there were so
many other Nobles from other factions as
we have discussed in our last video that
Syed brothers they were from Hindustani
group there were many factions in the
Mughal there ba like Hindustani of
cannae irani and Syed brother they were
from Hindustani group and because of
this faction the nobles and ministers of
other faction they used to dislike sigh
another and mean among them were from
the Taurani and irani group so because
of the jealousy of Durrani irani groups
and Muhammad Shah himself they wanted to
get rid of this ayah brother so finally
it was being possible
because of the conspiracy of the Taurani
armies and they conspired to kill them
and Mohammed Shah was successful in
getting rid of the brothers in 1722 with
the help of Nizam will wolf we have
discussed in brief about nizam al-mulk
also in our last video and we will
discuss further about him in detail when
we will discuss the topic rise of new
autonomous state and as I have told you
earlier one that he was the founder of
Hyderabad state so with the help of
nizam al-mulk Mohammad Shah was able to
get rid of this layered brother because
Mohammed Shah was like a puppet at the
hands of Surya brothers so he appointed
him as his huazhi so nizam al-mulk
became powerful and he was appointed as
a fazil after the murder of both
brothers if we see about the Mohammad
Shah that what kind of ruler he was
Mohammad Shah was very weak minded he
was very frivolous and he was very fond
of easygoing life life or of ease and
luxury and that is why in some records
he's been referred as his name as
Mohammad Shah regula because he was fond
of colorful life and if we see is
administrative qualities he was very
incapable he was covered also he was
pleasure lover and he neglected the
state he was not at all interested in
performing his duties towards the state
instead he was always busy with the
luxury he was always busy with
entertainment he his soul used to thrive
on vine music poetry and took great
dislike and this was not liked by the
religious light as there were groups in
the light people and Mohammad Shah this
credit goes to Mohammad Shah that he
created a new light group in the Garba
and they were known as the intellectual
alights earlier there were only known as
the entertainer's those entertainers
they were given a status as an
intellectual alight during the time of
Mohammad Shah and
your status was also raised during his
reign and as he himself was not at all
interested in the states of pure he used
to follow his buzina Zalman would he
gave full support to variable Y Z nizam
al-mulk corruption increased during the
reign of Mohammed Shah and Mohammed Shah
was so fascinated by his own flatterers
who were so worthless and corrupt and he
Emperor himself used to share in the
bribes which were taken by his favourite
koteas also during his reign the process
of degeneration of Empire started and
the period witnessed the rise of many
independent and semi independent state
in the time of Mohammad Shah under the
leadership of Bajirao of Marathas he had
crossed the duckin and reach till Delhi
we have seen during the time of
Aurangzeb who believed in the policy of
expansion
he had expanded his empire to such a
great extent but during the time of
Mohammad Shah the Empire shrink and
under the leadership of Bajirao Marathas
the whole empire shrinked till Delhi and
during his time as the disintegration of
Empire started Somme and many new
autonomous state arise like Bengal whose
founder was mashite coolican Ovid under
Sadat Khan Hyderabad nizam al-mulk
murattal and Mathura ad under balancing
ganga jamuna dwop under rohila Farooq
Abad under bunga's nawab all these state
were established as a new autonomous
state we will discuss about these state
that how these states were founded later
on in detail say eight brothers during
Mohammad Shah Ryan we saw that more
mature wanted to get rid of the sayyid
brothers say yes brother they were also
known as king makers so after the death
of Faruk CR they ascended Mohammed Shah
in 1719 as the successor of the Mughal
Empire their main motive was to rule
through the medium of an imperial puppet
but Mohammed
she wanted to get rid of them he refused
to be controlled by them so because of
the Mohammad Shah his own jealousy and
because of the jealousy of some other
factions like Durrani irani group the
main among them were the leader of the
rival being called - Rani potty nizam
al-mulk who supported the emperor
against the sayeth brothers and both
brother they fell victim of the mughal
court politics of all chin coolidge khan
Sadiq Khan Heather Khan it medulla and
King himself
they were prominent in conspiring
against the Shia 'the brothers hussain
ali was assassinated and to take the
revenge of his brother's death abdullah
made futile effort to place another
puppet on the throne but he was defeated
imprisoned and subsequently poisoned in
1722 the death of both brother Hussain
early and Abdullah Khan lot of planning
plotting conspiracy started taking place
in the Mughal Empire and because of
these conspiracies and because of these
group ISM it led to the decline of the
Mughal Empire what were the main reason
that these king makers they fell victim
of the Mughal Court because there was so
many group again there were so many
groups and Durrani group under the
leadership of nizam al-mulk he was very
able under his leadership
this group was becoming more powerful
and cyah Garuda was from they were from
Hindustani group because of these
difference in the faction it was the
main reason that say year brother they
lost the pleasure of the emperor and
they were defeated and killed Mazama
wolf he was appointed as the governor of
of Earth after the death of orang C and
he remained the governor of our earth
till the death of Bahadur Shah because
he left his post after the death of
Bahadur Shah in 1712 he was called upon
by Faruk CR when Farouk's are ascended
the throne
and he convinced him to take the post of
governor pop ducking and Farouk's are
also conferred the title of nizam
al-mulk over him and he was called by
Faruk CR to fight against the sayyid
brothers because the influence of saeed
brothers was increasing peroxy are in
this overall fight he was killed but
later on
Nizam was successful in defeating Saeed
brother and we will see that when say
yet brother after the death of peroxy
are they ascended refuge Raja
then referred Allah and after that
Muhammad char to the throne Mohammed
Shah also took help of Nizam mobile to
get rid of sayyid brothers the samel was
successful in getting rid of Sayed
brothers and he was rewarded with the
post of Vasile in the court of Mohammed
at the court Nizam would will did tried
a lot to put the things in order but all
his efforts they were not accepted by
the pleasure-loving ruler and his flat
rose and even urged the emperor to be
more careful about he even urged the
emperor to his sense of duty but his
strict discipline provoked dislike in
jealousy in all the groups soon he felt
very unhappy and after that he was not
at all interested in the Mughal durbar
and he set his heart on the Viceroyalty
of the duckin he said his heart over the
governorship as of ossie he had added
malva and Gujarat to the governorship of
Dhaka he was disgusted with the fickle
mindedness and suspicious nature of the
Emperor and nizam al-mulk he was the
most powerful noble of his time he
decided to pursue his own ambition and
in 1723 he gave a reason that he is
going on and hunting expedition he
headed towards the dokkan and this made
muhammad shah offended and he appointed
mubarak on at its place as a
full-fledged governor of duckin and he
also instructed Mubarak on
that he should send nizam dead or alive
to the court as the emperor had declared
him disloyal an appointed new body scan
as the governor of ducking but mubarak
on was defeated in the Battle of Shakur
Kara because Nizam with the help of
Bajirao he was able to defeat the moobot
is Khun and now the Nizam became the
sole master of overall ducking so
finally in 1725 Muhammad Shah having no
other option have to appoint him again
the governor of ducking and he also gave
him the title Asif Jah the Zaman work
had established the state of Hyderabad
in 1724 and after the death of Nizam on
one common routine Khan who was the son
of Amin Khan was made the Vezina of
Mohammed shocked because Nizam had set
his own state of Hyderabad and he had
left the post of Vizier so after Nizam
Amol camara Dean Khan was appointed as
the regime of Muhammad Shah them are
very important incident took place
during the Muhammad Shah role was the
invasion of Natasha Natasha was born in
Corazon it's a city in Iran in 1688 he
was known as the Napoleon of Iran and in
1736 he became the ruler of Persia his
troops captured Isfahan from Safavid
dynasty is fahan it's a city in Iran and
regarding Safavid dynasty we have
discussed about this dynasty in our
first video and after that he founded
its own dynasty of sharee dynasty and in
1738 nader shah conquered kandar and
that was the last outpost of the hotaki
dynasty in afghanistan so he captured
Gondar then he began to launch raids
across the Hindu Kush mountains in the
northern India and during that time it
was under the Mughal Empire now the shop
was very ambitious
ruler and also he was known as a
merciful enemy he wanted to spread his
Dominion at the expense of its
neighboring country and his first aim in
this step was to occupy kandar which he
occupied in 1738 during the time when
nadia was trying to expand its Dominion
Mughal Empire was declining and we have
all discussed and Marathas as the
Marathas has captured vast territories
during the time of Mohammad Shah and we
saw that Mohammed Shah also could not
stop the disintegration of its Empire so
many new states they disintegrated to
form a new autonomous state though the
imperial court was weak the
administration was very weak but as such
if we see the wealthwise country was
extremely rich Delhi was prospering and
its prestige was still very high so
Nadia Shah was attracted by the
country's wealth and he saw to plunder
like so many other foreign invaders they
had done before and he was not able to
fulfill his this dream as long as kandar
was not conquered so in 1738 he attacked
kandar because if kandar was not
conquered it would remain a menace to
the safety of persia and constantly it
will disturb the peace and prosperity of
Khorasan moreover without the conquest
of kandar full heritage of safavids
could not be said to have come into his
possession because he wanted to extend
his dominion and he attacked condor in
1738 and because of which many of Gandhi
took shrine in Kabul and Ghazni then to
isolate Afghan rulers from the canton
Adisa entered into a correspondence with
the Mughal Emperor Mohammad Shah and he
said that Afghan fugitives all those who
wants to take shrine they should not
find a shelter in Kabul as Kabul was
under the Mughal Empire that time
Muhammad although he gave the assurances
to the nadi Shah
but in 1738 where Noddy shaquan Kirk and
higher number of Afghans they took
shelter at Kabul and Ghazni which is
Ghazni it's a Satine Afghanistan because
of this breach of promises on the part
of Mughal emperor Nadi dispatched
diplomats which was for the third time
towards the Delhi but these diplomats
they were attacked and murdered at
Jalalabad by the Mughal soldiers because
of this indifference of the Mughal
Emperor towards the diplomat of the
nadir Shah and the cruel treatment meted
out to the last diplomats it was like an
excuse for the nadi Shah to invade India
although he was also attracted towards
the wealth but he made this as its
excuse to invade the India Emperor also
insulted because he discontinued the
practice of exchange of diplomats with
the Persian coat that is now the Shahs
quote because earlier they used to be
exchange of these diplomats and all
these reasons gave the excuse to the
nadir Shah
to invade India so the reason was of
diplomats but the main reason could be
the wealth of Delhi
so in June 1730 a candle was used as the
first step to enter Ghazni and then
later occupied Kabul after that nadir
Shah crossed industry ver at a talk and
occupied Lahore both governor of Cibola
Lahore they accepted the serenity of
Nadi shop they surrendered without
resistance and they joined him in a
march towards Delhi in 1739 the true
read saw him then it reached Ambala
which is in present dates in state of
Haryana then Aziza bath to Colonel and
then they marched towards the Delhi
Mughal Emperor Mohammed Shah was alarmed
towards the rapid advances of the Nadi
shop and he sent an army under the
leadership of nizam-ul-mulk
Komuro Dean and car Nader on to confront
the invaders and later on the army was
join
by Sudduth Khan both armies of Mughal
and Aisha
they found near Colonel that is why it
is known as the Battle of colonel in the
metal of colonel mughal army and natasha
they found but Mughal army was not as
strong as Nadia's army and better only
lasted for three us and the result was
that mughal army was defeated the
weakness of mughal army was clear from
the fact that mughal army was not clear
about the whereabouts of the nadir shah
army and and they only got to know when
Nadia guards they attacked the Southwark
on baggage train and whole plans and
action of the Mughal army was also not
very organized as in the case of
Natasha's army so the result was that
the battle only lasted for three hours
in this petal Canadore involved I'd
Canada and I'd in the better so that
khan was imprisoned and his armor milk
then later on played a very important
role of peacekeeping between the mughal
army and nadir shah it was also agreed
that Nadia would get fifty lakhs rupees
20 lakhs immediately and then later the
rest amount in installments and in this
deal Nizam oil bull played a very
important role and Emperor was very
pleased with the services of nizam
al-mulk and he appointed him as mere
buck she as the dis post earlier the me
buck she posed was occupied by kana
Doran he was the mean Bakshi now after
the death of Canada Ron in the Battle of
Colonel nizamabad was appointed as mir
muk she but during that time the Mughal
administration was full of corrupt and
selfish people and Sadiq Khan was one of
them the reason behind the jealousy of
Sadiq Khan was that he wanted the post
of mir Bakshi but Mohammed Shah was so
pleased with nizam al-mulk
that he appointed him as the mere Bakshi
so because of this jealousy Southwark
and he conspired and his this selfish
act was very harmful for the Empire what
he did that he gave suggestion to
Natasha that he could get 20 corrodes if
he proceeded to Delhi and plunder royal
treasury Sadat Khan also told him
regarding the state of administration
and Delhi
Jonah Dasha was attracted towards the
wealth of Delhi
so now Nadia acceptance of the
Constitution and it led towards Delhi
Nadia shall reach Delhi on 28 March 1739
and it stayed at place near diwan-i-khas
where Shah Hodja used to live also
struck coins in his name but after two
days rumors spread that Nadia has died
and because of which many people
revolted and in this uprising people
they killed Nadia some soldiers and this
infuriated Natasha and Agnetha Shah
ordered general Massacre and around
30,000 people they were slaughtered and
at last and on the protection of
Mohammed Shah Massacre was stopped as
long as Nadia lived in Delhi its people
and truth they plundered Delhi also the
demanded 20 K roads from Sadat Khan and
finally a Sadat Khan was not able to pay
these 2000 rupees
so that Kant committed suicide after
Sadat Khan it's successors of the Jeong
paid to corrodes - Nadia shocked by
returning Nadia took Mughal Emperor Shah
Hodges royal throne that is very famous
Peacock Throne that they toss also very
expensive diamond Coenen and along with
that it took many writers carpenters
elephants horses stone cutters along
with it
Kohi knew in persian it means the
mountain of light it was extracted in
Golconda mine which is which comes in
telegin a region and at that time it
went under the possession of ruler
prataprudhra de tarragona ruler then it
went to Mallika for in South then to
Mughals after that another shot took
that do
in addition invasion then from the other
show it went to Afghan ruler Shah Shuja
then from Shah Shuja it went to Punjab
ruler Ranjit Singh and then to English
and nowadays it is in London as a part
of British crown jewels Mohammed Shah
also got his daughter married to nadir
Shah son and also he said under western
provinces of Kashmir and sent to another
shop Nadia while returning back
announced Mohammed Shah as the Emperor
after the death of Muhammad Shah in 1748
the next successor of Mughal Empire was
amateur during the reign of amateur
whole administration was under the Queen
Mother would the might who was Odom by
she was the core dancer whom amateur had
married and also eunuch Javed Khan even
Javed Khan was given the title of Nawab
mojado and amateur was such an incapable
ruler he was not farsighted person he
only devoted his flatterers and
supporter during the reign of amateur
Odom by had a saguaro 5000 and man Khan
who was Odom bhai's brother was also
given months above 6000 amateur evented
few foolish acts like he made his two
and half year son mayhem mood the
Governor of Punjab and one year old his
deputy and then he appointed a very
small boy as the governor of Kashmir and
15 year old boy his deputy so these were
the foolish acts done by amateur
corruption planning plotting factions
groupism it had become a major part of
the mughal durbar and among this nabob
of of earths of the jump played a very
important role he was he was appointed
as the Vizier so the job became so
powerful during the reign of amateur
that he started giving orders without
the Emperor permission after the murder
of Javed Khan
a queen mother would thereby removed sub
the junk from the Vizier post and
instead of him appointed grandson of
Nizam emerges within a module milk as
the Vizier of move older man a mother
more got a proposal passed in the Mughal
Empire to remove the Mughal emperor
amateur because of its incapability
amateur was removed he was deposed and
also blinded and he was executed in
prison by his own buzzie and after a
hamachi ah alum Guiteau was appointed as
the next Mughal ruler Amercia was
completely inefficient
he was very inexperienced an easygoing
lifestyle lover during the rule of
amateur amateure Abdali invaded India
several times amateur
Abdali was a young Afghan officer he was
also known as a Machado Rani because he
was the founder of Durrani Empire and is
regarded as the founder of modern state
of Afghanistan after the murder of
Natasha in 1947 amateur Abdali he became
an independent ruler of Gondar and soon
after can die amateur Abdali seized
Kabul and founded modern Kingdom of
Afghanistan he invaded India seven times
from 1748 to 1767 he was invited by the
Governor of Punjab Shah Nawaz to invade
India and in 1748 Amash Abdali invaded
for the very first time during his first
invasion he was defeated near-certain by
the prince a hammer Charles Mughal army
and with the help of moon
will will so the first invasion was
unsuccessful then emerge Abdali invaded
for the second time in 1749 then again
in 1749 he again crossed the frontier
and defeated Moyne old milk the Governor
of Punjab at this he was induced to
return on a promise by my new milk of an
animal
immittance of 14,000 rupees and during
this invasion the second invasion 1749
Mughal Emperor Mohammed Shah died
Abdali invaded for the third time in
1751 when he did not get regularly the
promised tribute a dolly attack Punjab
for the third time and he was given
provinces of Punjab and Sindh and during
this time Mughal Emperor was a mature as
the Mughal emperor Mohammed Shah had
died during the time of second invasion
so fearing a repetition of noddies
outrages Mughal emperor amateur appeased
Abdali by the surrender of Punjab and
Sindh the fourth invasion of Abdali took
place between 1753 to 1754 after the
death of my new milk who was the
Governor of Punjab vazhi a model milk
appointed Adina bacon as the Governor of
Punjab and it was took as an
interference by Abdali in the state
affairs of Punjab and therefore to
punish a modern milk
Abdali attacked for the fourth time we
will discuss about next Mughal emperor
Alamgir and also about the invasion of
amateur Abdali
there are 5th 6th and 7th envisions
thank you
About this Video
Apr 20, 2026 Last updated
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