All questions of Water for CTET & State TET Exam
Boiling kills germs and makes water safe for drinking. Chlorine helps disinfect water by destroying bacteria and microbes. Lime water can also help in cleaning, so all methods are useful.
Heavy water is used as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors. It slows down neutrons during nuclear reactions. Therefore, heavy water is called a moderator.
Due to global warming, polar ice caps and glaciers are melting rapidly. This extra water increases the level of oceans and seas. Therefore, melting of polar ice is the main reason.
BOD5 measures oxygen consumed by microorganisms in 5 days. It is used to check organic pollution in water. Thus, BOD5 means Biochemical Oxygen Demand in 5 days.
Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide. It changes directly from solid to gas without becoming liquid. Hence, dry ice is solid CO₂.
Pure water has pH value of 7 which indicates neutrality. It is neither acidic nor basic. Hence, pure water is neutral.
Heavy water is used to produce deuterium. It is also used as a tracer to study chemical and biochemical reactions. Additionally, it acts as a moderator in nuclear reactors, so all are correct.
Salt raises the boiling point of water by increasing its boiling temperature. This happens because dissolved salt makes it harder for water molecules to escape as vapour. Therefore, boiling point increases.
Boiling kills harmful microorganisms present in water. Potassium permanganate cleans well water and bleaching powder disinfects water. Therefore, all these steps help to make water potable.
Heavy water is obtained by electrolysis of normal water. It contains deuterium instead of hydrogen. Hence, electrolysis is the method used to form heavy water.
Water has a special property of maximum density at 4°C. At this temperature, water occupies least volume and becomes heaviest. This helps aquatic life survive in cold regions.
Water is densest at 4°C and stays at the bottom of lakes. Ice floats on the top layer and forms an insulating cover. This allows aquatic life to survive in the lower liquid water.
Pure water is clean, colourless and free from harmful impurities. It should contain adequate dissolved oxygen for supporting aquatic life. Hence, presence of oxygen in adequate amount is correct.
Most of the Earth’s water is salty and not drinkable. Only a very small part of fresh water is available for human use. Hence, drinkable water is nearly 0.0% when compared to total water.
Heat in summer increases the rate of evaporation. Water from wet clothes turns into vapour quickly and escapes into air. Therefore, clothes dry fast due to evaporation.
Heavy water is not radioactive, so statement I is incorrect. Heavy water can be formed by electrolysis, so statement II is correct. Heavy water is harmful to organisms, so statement III is incorrect.
Water evaporates due to heat and changes into water vapour. Vapour cools and condenses to form clouds and later falls as rain. Thus, the correct sequence is evaporation, condensation, cloud formation and rain.
Water dissolves oxygen and nutrients needed by aquatic organisms. It also allows sunlight to pass which helps aquatic animals in visibility and survival. Hence, both statements are correct.
About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water. This is nearly equal to three-fourth of the surface. Therefore, ocean cover is 3/4.
Radioactive waste damages cells and tissues in the body. It can cause cancer, cataract and genetic damage like DNA breakage. Hence, all given effects are correct.
Boiling requires extra heat supply, so statement I is correct. Evaporation does not require external heat as atmospheric heat is enough. Evaporation is fastest at boiling point, so III and IV are correct.
Water boils at 100°C under normal pressure. This temperature corresponds to 212°F on the Fahrenheit scale. Therefore, 212°F is the boiling point.
Dead Sea contains extremely high salt concentration in its water. Due to this, people can float easily without swimming. Hence, Dead Sea is the saltiest.
Sea water contains many dissolved salts but sodium chloride is the highest. This is the common salt used in households. Therefore, sodium chloride is present in maximum amount.
Acid rain occurs due to presence of nitric acid and sulphuric acid in rainwater. These acids are formed due to pollution from industries and vehicles. Hence, both nitric and sulphuric acids are the main causes.
Water pollution includes sewage, chemicals and harmful materials mixing into water. These substances make water unsafe for drinking and use. Hence, all the given options are causes of water pollution.
Boiling point of water is 373 K, not 273 K, so statement I is incorrect. Evaporation can occur at all temperatures but at different rates. Hence, only statement II is correct.
The Ganga Action Plan was launched to reduce pollution levels in river Ganga. Its main goal is improving cleanliness and water quality. Hence, the correct answer is water quality.
Boiling converts soluble bicarbonates into insoluble carbonates. These carbonates settle at the bottom as deposits. Hence both calcium and magnesium bicarbonates can form the settled substance.
Hard water contains salts of calcium and magnesium. These can be bicarbonates and chlorides which make water hard. Hence, all the given substances cause hardness.
India has extensive use of tube-well irrigation for agriculture. It is considered the highest tube-well user among countries. Hence, India has maximum tube-wells in the world.
Fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, glaciers and underground sources. Seas and oceans contain saline water which is not suitable for drinking. Therefore, underground water is a correct source of fresh water.
Cold surface cools the surrounding air and water vapour condenses on the glass. This forms small droplets on the outer surface. This process is called liquification or condensation.
Ocean water contains high salt content and cannot be consumed directly. Therefore, ocean water is not drinkable. Hence, the drinkable percentage is 0.0.
Soil erosion control helps retain water in the ground. Reforestation improves rainfall and groundwater recharge. Stopping water wastage is also essential, so all methods help in water conservation.
Minamata disease is caused by mercury poisoning through contaminated water. It affects the nervous system severely. Hence, mercury is responsible for Minamata disease.
Underground water is polluted mainly by arsenic and fluoride in many regions. These contaminants make water harmful for human consumption. Therefore, arsenic and fluoride are major pollutants.
Udaipur is famous for its beautiful lakes like Pichola and Fateh Sagar. It is also called the "City of Lakes" in Rajasthan. Therefore, Udaipur is the correct answer.
Dysentery spreads through contaminated food and water. It is caused by harmful microbes that enter the digestive system. Therefore, dysentery is a waterborne disease.
Agricultural chemicals like pesticides contaminate water sources. Industrial waste releases harmful substances into rivers and lakes. Oil leakage also pollutes marine water, so all options are correct.
Oceans contain maximum water percentage and atmosphere contains very little water. Underground water and glaciers have smaller percentages compared to oceans. Thus, correct matching corresponds to option C.
Water freezes at 0°C on the Celsius scale. The same temperature is 32°F on the Fahrenheit scale. Hence both values correctly represent the freezing point.
Filtration removes suspended particles from water. Boiling kills microorganisms and makes water safer. Chlorination also kills germs, so all methods are correct.
Heavy water is written as D₂O where D represents deuterium. It is different from normal water which is H₂O. Hence, D₂O is the correct formula of heavy water.
When water freezes, it expands in volume. This expansion puts pressure on pipelines and may cause them to burst. Hence, the reason is expansion of water after freezing.
Earthen pots have tiny pores through which water slowly seeps out. This water evaporates from the surface and takes heat from the pot. Therefore, water remains cool due to evaporation.
Urbanisation increases groundwater use and reduces natural recharge areas. Concrete surfaces prevent rainwater from entering soil. Hence, urbanisation is the main cause of water level depletion.
Earth is known as the blue planet due to abundance of water. Around 71% of its surface is covered by oceans, seas and other water sources. Hence, the correct answer is water.
BOD stands for Biological Oxygen Demand. It measures oxygen used by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water. Higher BOD indicates more polluted water.
Hydrophilic substances are those that attract water molecules. Such salts absorb water due to their nature of bonding with water. Therefore, salt that absorbs water is called hydrophilic salt.