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All questions of Himalayas: Northern Mountains for OPSC OCS (Odisha) Exam

Which of the following hill / ranges is not along the international boundary with Bangladesh?
  • a)
    Garo hills
  • b)
    Khasi hills
  • c)
    Jantia hills
  • d)
    Naga hills
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Eshaan Kapoor answered
The Patkai Bum, Naga Hills and Mizo Hills are along the international boundary with Myanmar while the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills are located along the border with Bangladesh.

How were the Himalayas formed according to the provided information?
  • a)
    Due to the separation of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate
  • b)
    Resulting from the splitting of the Gondwanaland continent
  • c)
    Formed by the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate
  • d)
    A consequence of the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This convergence led to the gradual upliftment of the sedimentary layers from the former seabed, creating the massive mountain range we now know as the Himalayas. This ongoing tectonic activity continues to uplift the Himalayas at a rate of approximately 5 millimeters per year, showcasing the dynamic geological processes shaping our planet.

Consider the following statements
1. Southern Slopes receive more precipitation as compared to Northern Slopes.
2. Southern Slopes are covered with thick vegetation whereas Northern Slopes are generally barren.
Which of the above statements is/are correct concerning the comparison of Northern slopes to Southern slopes of  Himalayas?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vandana Shah answered
Comparison between Northern and Southern slopes of Himalayas
  • Precipitation: Southern Slopes receive more as compared to Northern Slopes as it lies in the rain shadow region.
  • Vegetation: Southern Slopes are covered with thick vegetation whereas Northern Slopes are generally barren. The volume of precipitation decreases from the south towards the north
  • Snowline: Due to a longer period of sunshine, less snow accumulates on the southern slopes than on the northern slopes.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas are the southernmost range of the Himalayas and lie between the Middle Himalayas in the north and the Indo-Gangetic Plains in the south.
2. The Purvanchal or Eastern Hills extend from Arunachal Pradesh in the north to Mizoram in the south, serving as India's border with Myanmar.
3. The Kumaon Himalayas, also known as Garhwal Himalayas in the west, lie between the Indus River in the west and the Sutlej River in the east.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
1. Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas: The first statement is correct. The Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas are the southernmost range of the Himalayas, lying between the Middle Himalayas in the north and the Indo-Gangetic Plains in the south. This is a well-established geographical fact about the Himalayan ranges.
2. Purvanchal or Eastern Hills: The second statement is also correct. The Purvanchal or Eastern Hills extend from Arunachal Pradesh in the north to Mizoram in the south and serve as India's border with Myanmar. This correctly describes the geographical extent and significance of these hills.
3. Kumaon Himalayas: The third statement is incorrect. The Kumaon Himalayas, also known as Garhwal Himalayas in the west, lie between the Satluj River in the west and the Kali River in the east, not between the Indus River and the Sutlej River. The region between the Indus River and the Sutlej River is known as the Punjab Himalayas.
Thus, the correct answer is Option B.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Pangea and Panthalassa - 250 million years ago
2. Breaking of Pangea - 100 million years ago
3. Formation of Tethys Sea - After the breakup of Pangea
4. Convergence of Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates - Driven by mantle convection currents
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
1. Pangea and Panthalassa - 250 million years ago: Correct. Pangea was a supercontinent that existed around 250 million years ago, surrounded by the vast ocean Panthalassa.
2. Breaking of Pangea - 100 million years ago: Incorrect. Pangea began to break apart around 150 million years ago, not 100 million years ago.
3. Formation of Tethys Sea - After the breakup of Pangea: Correct. The breakup of Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea between Laurasia and Gondwanaland.
4. Convergence of Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates - Driven by mantle convection currents: Correct. The convergence of these plates was driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle.
Thus, pairs 1, 3, and 4 are correctly matched, while pair 2 is incorrect.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
Nepal Himalayas primarily extend from the Kali River in the west to the Tista River in the east.
Statement-II:
Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to Nepal Himalayas.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect 
  • c)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

Statement-I:
- The statement is correct. Nepal Himalayas indeed extend from the Kali River in the west to the Tista River in the east, covering a significant portion of the Himalayan range.

Statement-II:
- The statement is incorrect. Assam Himalayas are not lower in elevation compared to Nepal Himalayas. In fact, the Assam Himalayas are part of the Himalayan range and have similar elevations to the rest of the range.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C': Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Lesser Himalayas have an average height ranging from 3500 to 5000 meters and are composed of metamorphic rocks.
Statement-II:
The Sub Himalayas or Shiwaliks have an average height of 1000 to 1500 meters and are made of clay, sand, gravel, slate, and boulders.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Saumya Iyer answered
Explanation:

Statement-I:
- The Lesser Himalayas have an average height ranging from 3500 to 5000 meters.
- The rocks in the Lesser Himalayas are composed of metamorphic rocks.

Statement-II:
- The Sub Himalayas or Shiwaliks have an average height of 1000 to 1500 meters.
- The rocks in the Sub Himalayas are made of clay, sand, gravel, slate, and boulders.

Analysis:
- Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct as they provide accurate information about the heights and composition of the Lesser Himalayas and the Sub Himalayas.
- However, Statement-II does not explain Statement-I. The statements are independent of each other and do not have a cause-effect relationship.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Himalayas were formed due to the convergence of the Indo-Australian Tectonic Plate with the Eurasian Tectonic Plate.
Statement-II:
The Tethys Sea vanished entirely as a result of the converging plates and the upward movement of sediments, leading to the genesis of the Himalayas.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Tarun Nambiar answered
The Formation of the Himalayas
The Himalayas are one of the most significant mountain ranges in the world, formed through complex geological processes. Let’s analyze the statements provided.
Statement-I: Correct
- The Himalayas were indeed formed due to the convergence of the Indo-Australian Tectonic Plate with the Eurasian Tectonic Plate.
- This tectonic activity began around 50 million years ago and continues today, resulting in the uplift of the mountain range.
Statement-II: Correct
- The Tethys Sea was an ancient ocean that existed between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates.
- As the plates converged, the Tethys Sea gradually disappeared due to the subduction and uplift associated with the collision.
- This process led to the accumulation of sediments that eventually contributed to the rise of the Himalayas.
Relationship Between the Statements
- Statement-II explains the geological processes that occurred as a result of the convergence mentioned in Statement-I.
- The disappearance of the Tethys Sea and the uplift of sediments are integral to understanding how the Himalayas formed.
Conclusion
- Both statements are correct, and Statement-II provides a detailed explanation of the processes leading to the formation of the Himalayas.
- Therefore, the correct answer is option 'A': Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Himalayas were formed as a result of the convergence of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.
2. The breakup of Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea, which later contributed to the genesis of the Himalayas.
3. The Himalayas continue to rise approximately 10 millimeters per year due to the ongoing convergence of tectonic plates.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
1. Statement 1 is correct. The Himalayas were indeed formed by the convergence of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Eurasian Plate. This tectonic activity led to the upliftment of the sediments in the Tethys Sea, resulting in the formation of the Himalayan mountain range.
2. Statement 2 is correct. The breakup of the supercontinent Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea between the northern Laurasia and the southern Gondwanaland. The sedimentation in the Tethys Sea and its eventual closure due to plate convergence were critical processes in the genesis of the Himalayas.
3. Statement 3 is incorrect. While the Himalayas continue to rise due to the ongoing convergence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates, the uplift rate is approximately 5 millimeters per year, not 10 millimeters per year.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option B.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Zaskar Range runs roughly parallel to the Great Himalayan Range.
2. The Karakoram Range is the southernmost part of the Trans-Himalayas in India.
3. The Ladakh Range is seen as an extension of the Karakoram Range towards the southwest.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 and 3 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Statement 1 is correct. The Zaskar Range indeed runs roughly parallel to the Great Himalayan Range, extending from the Suru River to the upper Karnali River and featuring peaks like Kamet.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Karakoram Range is actually the northernmost part of the Trans-Himalayas in India, not the southernmost. It serves as the boundary between India and Afghanistan, as well as China.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The Ladakh Range is an extension of the Karakoram Range towards the southeast, not the southwest, stretching from the mouth of the Shyok River in North Kashmir towards the Indo-Tibetan borders.
Thus, only Statement 1 is correct.

Passive citizens of France were:
  • a)
    Only men above 25 years
  • b)
    Only propertied women
  • c)
    Only propertied men
  • d)
    Men and women who didn't vote
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Gupta answered
Passive citizens of France

Passive citizens in France during the French Revolution were those who were not entitled to vote. They were classified as passive citizens because they did not have the right to participate in the election process.

Who were passive citizens?

Passive citizens in France included men and women who did not have the right to vote. The categories of people who were classified as passive citizens include:

- Men and women who did not qualify to be active citizens
- Men and women who did not have the right to vote
- Men and women who did not pay taxes

Why were they passive citizens?

Passive citizens were not allowed to participate in the election process because they did not meet the requirements to be active citizens. The criteria for active citizenship included:

- Being a French male
- Being at least 25 years old
- Paying taxes
- Being able to read and write

Passive citizens were not able to meet these criteria, and therefore they were not given the right to vote.

Conclusion

Passive citizens in France during the French Revolution were men and women who did not have the right to vote. They were not able to meet the criteria for active citizenship, and therefore they were classified as passive citizens.

Which of the following pair is not correct regarding the division of the Himalayas and their hills/ranges?
  • a)
    The trans-Himalayas → The Zaskar range
  • b)
    The Eastern Himalayas → The Patkai Bum
  • c)
    The Eastern Himalayas → The Karakoram range
  • d)
    The trans-Himalayas → The Ladakh range
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

And the Karakoram Range
b)The Western Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range
c)The Eastern Himalayas and the Dhaulagiri Range
d)The Central Himalayas and the Kumaon Range

The correct answer is c) The Eastern Himalayas and the Dhaulagiri Range. The Dhaulagiri Range is located in Nepal, which is part of the Central Himalayas, not the Eastern Himalayas.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to the Nepal Himalayas.
2. The Western Syntaxial Bend occurs near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh.
3. The Eastern Syntaxial Bend marks the eastern extremity of the Himalayas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Let's analyze each statement for its accuracy:
1. The Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to the Nepal Himalayas.
- This statement is correct. The Nepal Himalayas are known for having the tallest peaks like Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga, making them significantly higher in elevation compared to the Assam Himalayas.
2. The Western Syntaxial Bend occurs near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh.
- This statement is incorrect. The Western Syntaxial Bend actually occurs near Nanga Parbat where the Indus River cuts a deep gorge, not near Namcha Barwa. Namcha Barwa is associated with the Eastern Syntaxial Bend.
3. The Eastern Syntaxial Bend marks the eastern extremity of the Himalayas.
- This statement is correct. The Eastern Syntaxial Bend occurs near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh and marks the eastern extremity of the Himalayas.
Therefore, the correct statements are 1 and 3. Hence, the correct answer is Option C.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
2. Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
3. Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
4. Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mansi Khanna answered
Correctly Matched Pairs Analysis
To determine how many pairs are correctly matched, we need to analyze each mountain and its corresponding region:
1. Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
- Correct Match: Mount Everest is indeed located in the Nepal Himalayas, making this pair accurate.
2. Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
- Incorrect Match: Namcha Barwa is located in the eastern Himalayas but is primarily part of Tibet. It is not in the Assam Himalayas.
3. Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
- Correct Match: Kanchenjunga is situated on the border between Nepal and India, predominantly in the Nepal Himalayas, making this pair accurate.
4. Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
- Incorrect Match: Dhaulagiri is located in the Nepal Himalayas, not the Assam Himalayas, making this pair inaccurate.
Summary of Correct Matches
- Correctly Matched Pairs:
- Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
- Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
- Incorrectly Matched Pairs:
- Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
- Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
Final Conclusion
Only two pairs are correctly matched, which aligns with the answer option 'B'.

Consider the following pairs:
1. K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen) - Zaskar Range
2. Kamet Peak - Greater Himalayas
3. Siachen Glacier - Zaskar Range
4. Nanga Parbat -  Middle or the Lesser Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Let's evaluate each pair:

 

  • K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen) - Zaskar Range: Incorrect. K2 is part of the Karakoram Range, not the Zaskar Range.

  • Kamet Peak - Greater Himalayas: Correct. Kamet is located in the Garhwal region of the Greater Himalayas.

  • Siachen Glacier - Zaskar Range: Incorrect. Siachen Glacier is in the eastern Karakoram Range.

  • Nanga Parbat - Middle or the Lesser Himalayas: Incorrect. Nanga Parbat is part of the Himalayas but specifically in the Western Himalayas.


  •  

 
Only one pair is correctly matched: Option A.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Patkai Bum - Located along the boundary between Arunachal Pradesh and Myanmar
2. Mizo Hills - Situated north of Naga Hills
3. Zanskar Range - Located in Assam Himalayas
4. Nanda Devi - Located in Kumaon Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

1. Patkai Bum - Located along the boundary between Arunachal Pradesh and Myanmar
 This pair is correctly matched. Patkai Bum is indeed along the boundary between Arunachal Pradesh and Myanmar.
2. Mizo Hills - Situated north of Naga Hills
 This pair is incorrectly matched. Mizo Hills, also known as Lushai Hills, are situated south of Naga Hills.
3. Zanskar Range - Located in Assam Himalayas
 This pair is incorrectly matched. The Zanskar Range is part of the Jammu and Kashmir region and falls under the Punjab Himalayas, not the Assam Himalayas.
4. Nanda Devi - Located in Kumaon Himalayas
 This pair is correctly matched. Nanda Devi is indeed located in the Kumaon Himalayas.
Thus, pairs 1 and 4 are correctly matched.

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