All questions of The Living World for NEET Exam

Plants and animals share many characteristics, but they are different in some respects. Animals usually move around and find their own food, while plants are usually immobile and create their food via photosynthesis. Plants and animals both have cells that contain DNA, yet the structure of their cells differs. Animal cells absorb nutrients from food, while plant cells use plastids to create energy from sunlight.

Taxon Family and its Ending

A taxon family is a group of related organisms within a classification system. The ending of a taxon family is determined by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). The ending of a taxon family reflects the rank of the taxon within the classification system.

- The ending "-ales" is used for the order level in the ICN classification system. For example, the order of flowering plants, Rosales.
- The ending "-ae" is used for the class level in the ICN classification system. For example, the class of flowering plants, Magnoliopsida.
- The ending "-ceae" is used for the family level in the ICN classification system. For example, the family of flowering plants, Rosaceae.
- In the ICZN classification system, the ending "-idae" is used for the family level. For example, the family of cats, Felidae.

Therefore, the correct answer to the given question is option C, "-ceae" is the ending of a taxon family in the ICN classification system.

Each of this level of the hierarchy is called the taxonomic category or rank. In this system of classification, kingdom is always ranked the highest followed by division, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Species - A group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring. population - A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area at the same time, and which are capable of interbreeding.

Ernst Mayr has been called “Darwin's apostle” or the “Darwin of the 20th century” for promoting and dispersing Darwin's hypotheses throughout the past century. He was also a renowned taxonomist, tropical explorer, ornithologist, philosopher of biology, and historian of science. His work contributed to the conceptual revolution that led to the modern evolutionary synthesis of Mendelian genetics, systematics, and Darwinian evolution, and to the development of the biological species concept.

 Systematics is the branch of study of diversity of organisms and all comparative and evolutionary relationship between them.

Family of Cats and LionsFelidae is the family to which both cats and lions belong. Let us explore this family in more detail.Definition: Felidae is a family of mammals that includes cats, lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars, and several other wild cats.Characteristics:- Felidae is a carnivorous family, meaning they eat meat.- They are known for their sharp claws and teeth, which they use for hunting.- Most felids are solitary animals, with the exception of lions, which live in groups called prides.- They have a short digestive tract and a keen sense of smell, which helps them locate prey.Classification:- The family Felidae is part of the order Carnivora.- There are two subfamilies within Felidae: Pantherinae (which includes lions, tigers, leopards, and jaguars) and Felinae (which includes all other wild cats).- Domestic cats also belong to Felidae, but they are not part of either subfamily.Importance:- Felids play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems.- They are also important cultural symbols in many parts of the world, such as the lion in Africa and the tiger in Asia.- Some felids, such as the cheetah, are endangered due to habitat loss and poaching.Conclusion:Felidae is a fascinating family of carnivorous mammals that includes some of the world's most iconic animals. Through their unique characteristics and important roles in their ecosystems, they continue to capture the imaginations of people around the world.

The branch connected with nomenclature, identification, and classification of organism is called as taxonomy .It is also refferrd as systematics .
For more information read ncert page no.7.

Although i am an engineer student, i will try to answer u. yeast respires anaerobically and thus , energy is released and this causes bubbles.

The first word in binomial nomenclature is the genus to which the organism belongs, and it is called the generic name. The second word is the name of the species to which the organism belongs, and it is called the specific epithet.

Ernst Mayr (1942: 120) defined biological species as “groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations, which are reproductively isolated from other such groups”. As Buffon (1749) had stated, “A spe- cies is a constant succession of similar individuals that can reproduce together” (Mayr, 1982).

The adoption by biologists of a system of strictly binomial nomenclature is due to Swedish botanist and physician Carl von Linné, more commonly known by his Latinized name Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778)......

Aristotle is known as the 'Father of Biology'. Again, Botany and Zoology combine to form biology. So, I think Aristotle can e regarded as the "Father of Zoology'' as well as the "Father of Botany". Aristotle is called the father of zoology.He pioneered the observational and theoretical study of animals.

Very easy question...a bio student should know all this ...there is no doubt in this question....obviously answer is two ..genus and species.

Significance of the letter L in the scientific name of mango (Mangifera indica L.):

The letter L in the scientific name of mango, Mangifera indica L., signifies the taxonomist who first described this species using the binomial nomenclature system. Here are the details:

1. Binomial nomenclature system: This system of naming living organisms was developed by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century. It involves using two Latinized names to represent each species: the genus name (e.g., Mangifera) and the specific epithet (e.g., indica). The two names together form the species name (e.g., Mangifera indica).

2. Linnaeus: Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) was a prominent taxonomist who is often called the "father of modern taxonomy." He developed the binomial nomenclature system and classified a vast number of organisms based on their physical characteristics. He also wrote several influential books, including Systema Naturae, in which he described and classified thousands of species.

3. Letter L: The letter L following the species name (Mangifera indica L.) is an abbreviation for Linnaeus, the taxonomist who first described this species. It indicates that Linnaeus was the first person to officially name and classify Mangifera indica.

Therefore, the correct option is (c) Letter L signifies the taxonomist, Linnaeus.

Introduction to Anacardiaceae Family
The family Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew or sumac family, includes a variety of flowering plants. This family is recognized for its diverse range of species, many of which produce edible fruits.
Key Characteristics of Anacardiaceae
- Diversity: The Anacardiaceae family encompasses over 80 genera and around 860 species.
- Fruits: Many members produce fleshy fruits, such as mangoes, cashews, and pistachios.
- Chemical Compounds: Some plants in this family contain urushiol, a compound that can cause allergic reactions, as seen in poison ivy.
Identifying the Correct Organism
Among the given options:
- a) Man: Humans do not belong to the Anacardiaceae family.
- b) Housefly: This is an insect and is unrelated to the Anacardiaceae family.
- c) Mango: The mango (Mangifera indica) is a member of the Anacardiaceae family, known for its sweet and juicy fruit.
- d) Wheat: Wheat is a cereal grain and belongs to the Poaceae family, not Anacardiaceae.
Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer is option 'C' (Mango). This fruit not only belongs to the Anacardiaceae family but also plays a significant role in agriculture and cuisine worldwide.

B) Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

A is correct option

Binomial Nomenclature of Wheat

Binomial nomenclature is a scientific naming system used to give unique names to living organisms. It was developed by Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, in the 18th century. The binomial nomenclature system consists of two Latin names, the genus and species name, which together form the scientific name of an organism.

The binomial nomenclature of Wheat is Tritica aestivum. Let's understand the meaning of these two names:

Genus: Tritica

Tritica is a genus of plants in the grass family, Poaceae. It includes several species of wheat, which are cultivated as cereal crops worldwide. The name Tritica comes from the Latin word "triticum," which means wheat.

Species: aestivum

The species name aestivum means "summer" in Latin. It refers to the fact that wheat is typically harvested in the summer months.

Therefore, the complete scientific name of wheat is Tritica aestivum.

Other options:

- Musca domestica: It is the scientific name of the common housefly.
- Oryza sativa: It is the scientific name of rice, which belongs to the genus Oryza.
- Glycine max: It is the scientific name of soybean, which belongs to the genus Glycine.