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Electronic configuration of the element having atomic number 24.
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Ananya Sarkar answered
atomic no 24 is of Cr. Due to half filled orbital stability it doesnot follow Afbau rule so its configuration is 

An cation A3+ has 18 electrons. Write the atomic number of A.
  • a)
    15
  • b)
    24
  • c)
    12
  • d)
    21
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Lavanya Menon answered
3+ charge means no of electrons will be 3 less than no. of protons. So no. of protons will be 21. So atomic no. is 21.

Daltons atomic theory could not explain one of the following
  • a)
    Law of multiple Proportions,
  • b)
    Law of conservation of mass
  • c)
    Law of constant composition
  • d)
    Discovery of sub-atomic particles
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Om Desai answered
Dalton’s atomic theory stated that atoms were indivisible. However, the discovery of subatomic particles (such as protons, electrons, and neutrons) disproved this postulate.

Isobars are the atoms with
  • a)
    same atomic number but different number of neutrons
  • b)
    same mass number but different atomic number
  • c)
    same atomic number but different mass number
  • d)
    same number of neutrons but different mass number
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Nandini Patel answered
Isobars are atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons) but have the same mass number.

spin quantum number with two spin states of the electron represented by two arrows, ↑ (spin up) and ↓ (spin down) was introduced to account for
  • a)
    the splitting of emission lines in a magnetic field
  • b)
    anomalous Zeeman effect or the splitting of emission lines into more lines than given by magnetic quantum number
  • c)
    to account for uncertainty in electron states
  • d)
    the splitting of emission lines in an electric field
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Jyoti Dey answered
Explanation:

The spin quantum number is introduced to account for the anomalous Zeeman effect or the splitting of emission lines into more lines than given by the magnetic quantum number. This effect is observed when a magnetic field is applied to an atom, causing the energy levels to split into sub-levels. The splitting of lines is not just dependent on the magnetic quantum number, but also on the spin of the electron.

The spin of an electron is represented by two arrows: (spin up) and (spin down). This means that the electron can have two possible spin states. The spin quantum number is denoted by the symbol 's' and can have a value of either +1/2 or -1/2.

When a magnetic field is applied to an atom, the energy levels split into sub-levels. The number of sub-levels is given by 2s+1, where 's' is the spin quantum number. This means that an electron with a spin quantum number of +1/2 or -1/2 can have two sub-levels.

The anomalous Zeeman effect occurs because the magnetic field affects the energy levels differently depending on the electron's spin. Electrons with spin up are affected differently than electrons with spin down. This causes the energy levels to split into more lines than given by the magnetic quantum number alone.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the spin quantum number is introduced to account for the anomalous Zeeman effect or the splitting of emission lines into more lines than given by the magnetic quantum number.

Arrange the electrons present in the 4d, 3d, 4p and 3p orbitals in order of increasing energies
  • a)
    (3p) < (3d) < (4p) < (4d).
  • b)
    (4d) < (4p) < (3p) < (3d)
  • c)
    (4p) < (4d) < (3p) < (3d)
  • d)
    (3d) < (3p) < (4p) < (4d)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Suresh Iyer answered
Energy of orbital is determined by n+l value. The orbital having higher n+l value will have higher energy. If n+l value is same then orbital having higher n value will have higher energy.

Around 1015 Hz corresponds to the region of the electromagnetic spectrum
  • a)
    microwave region
  • b)
    ultraviolet region
  • c)
    visible light
  • d)
    infrared region
Correct answer is 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rahul Bansal answered
The electromagnetic spectrum is divided into the following regions:

Gamma-rays 
[wavelength 10^-14 m - 10^-11 m, frequency 10^22 Hz – 10^19 Hz, 

X-rays
[wavelength 10^-12 m - 10^-8 m, frequency 10^20 Hz –10^16 Hz, 

Ultraviolet radiation
[wavelength 10^-8 m - 10^-6 m, frequency 10^17 Hz – 10^15 Hz, 

Visible light
[wavelength 10^-7 m - 10^-6 m, frequency 10^15 Hz – 10^14 Hz, 

Infrared radiation
[wavelength 10^-6 m -10^-3 m, frequency 10^14 Hz – 10^12 Hz, 

Microwaves
[wavelength 10^-4 m – 10^-1 m, frequency 10^13 Hz – 10^9 Hz, 

Radio waves
[wavelength 10 m – 10^3 m, frequency 10^8 Hz – 10^6 Hz, 

Isotopes are the atoms with
  • a)
    same mass number but different atomic number
  • b)
    same atomic number but different number of electrons
  • c)
    same atomic number but different mass number
  • d)
    same number of neutrons but different mass number
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Isotopes are the atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number.

Explanation:
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element, which have the same number of protons in their atomic nucleus but differ in the number of neutrons. This difference in the number of neutrons leads to variations in their mass numbers.

Atomic Number:
The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons present in its nucleus. It determines the element's identity and its position on the periodic table. For example, all carbon atoms have an atomic number of 6, indicating that they have 6 protons in their nuclei.

Mass Number:
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. Since isotopes have the same number of protons (atomic number), their mass numbers differ due to the varying number of neutrons.

Example:
Let's take the example of carbon, which has three isotopes: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14.

- Carbon-12: It has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, so its mass number is 12 (6 protons + 6 neutrons).
- Carbon-13: It has 6 protons and 7 neutrons, so its mass number is 13 (6 protons + 7 neutrons).
- Carbon-14: It has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, so its mass number is 14 (6 protons + 8 neutrons).

As we can see, all three isotopes have the same atomic number (6) because they all have 6 protons. However, their mass numbers differ due to the varying number of neutrons.

Significance of Isotopes:
Isotopes have several practical applications in various fields. Some examples include:
- Carbon dating: Carbon-14 is used to determine the age of ancient artifacts and fossils.
- Medical imaging: Isotopes such as technetium-99m are used in nuclear medicine for diagnostic purposes.
- Radiocarbon dating: Isotopes like carbon-14 are used to determine the age of organic materials.
- Nuclear power: Isotopes like uranium-235 and plutonium-239 are used as fuel in nuclear reactors.

In conclusion, isotopes are atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers. The difference in mass numbers is due to the varying number of neutrons in their nuclei.

For 2s-orbital electron, radial probability density R2 as function of r (distance) is given by
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
    all of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Top Rankers answered
Correct Answer : b
Explanation : (a) It represents R2 vs r for 1s
(b) It represents R2 vs r for2s
(c) It represents R2 vs r for 2p

Direction (Q. Nos. 1-12) This section contains 12 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE option is correct.
Q. Radial wave functio ns (R) of different orbitals are plotted. Which is/are correct graphs?
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
    All of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

For 1s-orbital radial wave function (Ft) is maximum at r - 0, and falls rapidly as r increases thus, (a) correct.
For2s-orbital, radial wave function (R) is maximum at (r = 0), falls to zero and further decreases with r. There appears radial nodes. Thus (b) correct.
For2p-orbital, radial wave function is zero at r = 0, reaches maximum value (at r = a0) and then falls thus (c) is correct.

For an electron in 2p-orbital, radial probability function 4πr2R2 as a function of r is given by
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhavya Joshi answered
(a) Describes radial wave function as a function of r for 1s
(b) Describes radial probability function as a function of r for 2s
(c) Describes radial wave function as a function r for 2s
(d) Describes radial probability function as a function of r for 2p

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