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All questions of Biotechnology and its applications for NEET Exam

Which of the following is not applicable for a biopatent?
  • a)
    Formation of new products
  • b)
    Unearthing the DNA sequences
  • c)
    Discovery of cell lines
  • d)
    Using the existing technology to produce new products
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Shah answered
A biological patent is a patent on an invention in the field of biology that by law allows the patent holder to exclude others from making, using, selling, or importing the protected invention for a limited period of time. Hence, the correct option is c.

 Insect resistance transgenic cotton has been produced by inserting a piece of DNA from
  • a)
    A virus
  • b)
    A bacterium
  • c)
    A wild relative of cotton
  • d)
    An insect
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Syed Saif answered
Bacillus killing the larvae of flour moths in Germany and published a description of the bacterium and its … Mycogen, another small biotechnology firm, instead cloned Bt genes and expressed them in an alternate host, Pseudomonas fluorescens, a bacterial species common in transgenic cotton.

A transgenic food crop which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is
  • a)
    Bt soybean
  • b)
    Flavrsavr tomatoes
  • c)
    Golden rice
  • d)
    Starlink maize
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Chirag Ghosh answered
Golden Rice as a solution to night blindness

Golden Rice is a genetically modified rice variety that has been developed to help combat vitamin A deficiency, which can lead to night blindness and other health problems in developing countries. The rice is genetically modified to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, which is not naturally found in traditional rice varieties.

How does Golden Rice work?

Golden Rice is genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene in the endosperm of the rice grain, which is the part of the plant that is eaten. Beta-carotene is a pigment that gives fruits and vegetables their orange or yellow color, and it is also a precursor to vitamin A. When humans consume beta-carotene, it is converted to vitamin A in the body.

Why is Golden Rice important?

Vitamin A deficiency is a serious health problem in many developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia and Africa. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 250 million preschool children are vitamin A deficient, and it is estimated that between 250,000 and 500,000 malnourished children become blind every year due to vitamin A deficiency. Golden Rice is one potential solution to this problem, as it provides a source of beta-carotene that can be converted to vitamin A in the body.

Conclusion

Golden Rice is a promising solution to the problem of vitamin A deficiency in developing countries, which can lead to night blindness and other health problems. While there is still some controversy surrounding genetically modified crops, Golden Rice has the potential to make a significant impact on the health and well-being of millions of people around the world.

A GM crop is _______
  • a)
    mature crop
  • b)
    infected crop
  • c)
    raised to green manure
  • d)
    transgenic crop
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Lead Academy answered
GM stands for Genetically Modified.
  • A GM crop is a transgenic crop in which the genes of the desired crop are changed by manipulations using various methods.
  • This method gives a high yield without waste of crops.

An important objective of biotechnology in the area of agriculture is ________
  • a)
    to decrease seed number
  • b)
    to produce pest-resistant varieties of plants
  • c)
    to increase phosphorous, nitrogen production
  • d)
    to reduce the number of plants
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev NEET answered
An important objective of biotechnology in the area of agriculture is to produce pest-resistant varieties of plants.
  • This will help in less wasting of crops with high yield.
  • It will also give more products in less time and space.

______ in 1983 used recombinant DNA technology to produce insulin.
  • a)
    Eli Lilly
  • b)
    Emily Lilly
  • c)
    Lilly Rose
  • d)
    Amy Sanger
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev NEET answered
  • In 1983 Lilly Company of America that was founded by Eli Lilly used recombinant DNA technology to produce insulin.
  • This insulin was obtained from a microorganism.

What technology was developed to address the limitations of traditional breeding techniques in crop improvement?
  • a)
    Genetic modification
  • b)
    Tissue culture
  • c)
    Hybridization
  • d)
    Biotechnology
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Lead Academy answered
  • Tissue culture is the technology that was developed to address the limitations of traditional breeding techniques in crop improvement.
  • It allows for the regeneration of whole plants from small plant parts, known as explants, under sterile conditions in nutrient media.

What is the term used to describe the ability of a plant cell to regenerate a whole plant from any part?
  • a)
    Cloning
  • b)
    Totipotency
  • c)
    Micro-propagation
  • d)
    Somacloning
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Totipotency refers to the capability of a single cell to divide and produce all the differentiated cells in an organism, allowing it to regenerate a whole plant from any part.

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