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All questions of Natural Hazards in India for UPSC CSE Exam
Which system is used to monitor forest fires in real time, utilizing satellite information from NASA and ISRO?- a)National Action Plan on Forest Fires (NAPFF)
- b)Forest Fire Prevention and Management Scheme
- c)Forest Survey of India's Forest Fire Alert System
- d)National Disaster Relief Fund (NDRF)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
National Action Plan on Forest Fires (NAPFF)
b)
Forest Fire Prevention and Management Scheme
c)
Forest Survey of India's Forest Fire Alert System
d)
National Disaster Relief Fund (NDRF)
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
The Forest Survey of India's Forest Fire Alert System is used to monitor forest fires in real time, utilizing satellite information from NASA and ISRO.
What are batholiths?
- a)Large dome-shaped intrusive bodies
- b)Large depressions caused by a collapse after a large-scale eruption
- c)Saucer-shaped concave bodies
- d)Large bodies of magmatic material that cool in the deeper depth in the form of a large Cylinder
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What are batholiths?
a)
Large dome-shaped intrusive bodies
b)
Large depressions caused by a collapse after a large-scale eruption
c)
Saucer-shaped concave bodies
d)
Large bodies of magmatic material that cool in the deeper depth in the form of a large Cylinder
|
Arun Khatri answered |
The text describes batholiths as large bodies of magmatic material that cool in the deeper depth in the form of a large dome. Therefore, batholiths are large dome-shaped intrusive bodies.
Which of the following is NOT a type of landslide?- a)Falls
- b)Topples
- c)Spreads
- d)Eruptions
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Falls
b)
Topples
c)
Spreads
d)
Eruptions
|
Suresh Reddy answered |
The text lists falls, topples, slides, and spreads as examples of types of landslides. Eruptions, which refer to volcanic activity, are not classified as a type of landslide.
What is the main objective of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project in India?- a)Protecting marine life
- b)Enhancing coastal tourism
- c)Mitigating the effects of cyclones
- d)Promoting agriculture in cyclone-prone areas
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Protecting marine life
b)
Enhancing coastal tourism
c)
Mitigating the effects of cyclones
d)
Promoting agriculture in cyclone-prone areas
|
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
The main objective of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project in India is to mitigate the effects of cyclones and other hydro-meteorological calamities.
Which of the following is NOT a geological hazard?- a)Earthquake
- b)Cyclone
- c)Landslide
- d)Epidemic
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Cyclone
c)
Landslide
d)
Epidemic
|
Rahul Choudhury answered |
The text states that natural hazards can be grouped into two major categories: geological hazards and weather-associated hazards. Epidemics, which are outbreaks of infectious diseases, are not classified as geological hazards.
Which agency is responsible for issuing early warnings for cyclones and tsunamis in India?- a)Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
- b)National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
- c)Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
- d)National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
b)
National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)
c)
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
d)
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
|
Priya Menon answered |
The agency responsible for issuing early warnings for cyclones and tsunamis in India is the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS).
What type of fire spreads most rapidly and is characterized by intense flames over a large area?- a)Underground Fire
- b)Surface Fire
- c)Crown Fire
- d)Firestorm
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Underground Fire
b)
Surface Fire
c)
Crown Fire
d)
Firestorm
|
|
Suresh Reddy answered |
A firestorm is a type of forest fire that spreads most rapidly and is characterized by intense flames over a large area.
What role do healthy forests play in climate change mitigation?- a)Healthy forests release more carbon into the atmosphere.
- b)Healthy forests have no impact on climate change.
- c)Healthy forests act as a sink and reservoir for carbon, mitigating climate change.
- d)Healthy forests contribute to global warming.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Healthy forests release more carbon into the atmosphere.
b)
Healthy forests have no impact on climate change.
c)
Healthy forests act as a sink and reservoir for carbon, mitigating climate change.
d)
Healthy forests contribute to global warming.
|
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
Healthy forests act as a sink and reservoir for carbon, playing a crucial role in mitigating climate change by storing and sequestering carbon.
What is the primary cause of forest fires in India?- a)Lightning
- b)Natural climatic conditions
- c)Deliberate human activities
- d)Wildlife disturbances
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Lightning
b)
Natural climatic conditions
c)
Deliberate human activities
d)
Wildlife disturbances
|
|
Suresh Reddy answered |
Forest fires in India are primarily caused by deliberate human activities, such as setting dry leaves on fire for collecting mahua flowers, which are used to make a local drink.
Which type of volcano is known for its low slopes and the flow of highly fluid lava?- a)Shield volcano
- b)Cinder cone volcano
- c)Composite volcano
- d)Caldera volcano
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Shield volcano
b)
Cinder cone volcano
c)
Composite volcano
d)
Caldera volcano
|
Vikram Verma answered |
The text describes shield volcanoes as having low slopes and consisting almost entirely of highly fluid lava. Therefore, shield volcanoes are known for their low slopes and the flow of highly fluid lava.
What is a landslide dam?- a)A rapid movement of rock, soil, and vegetation down a slope
- b)The blockage of a river channel by landslide debris
- c)A geological structure that causes earthquakes
- d)The accumulation of volcanic ash after an eruption
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
A rapid movement of rock, soil, and vegetation down a slope
b)
The blockage of a river channel by landslide debris
c)
A geological structure that causes earthquakes
d)
The accumulation of volcanic ash after an eruption
|
|
Suresh Reddy answered |
The text explains that a landslide dam is formed when a landslide causes partial or complete blockage of a river channel. This accumulated mass of landslide debris results in a landslide dam.
Which region of India is more prone to cyclones?- a)Western coast
- b)Northern plains
- c)Eastern coast
- d)Central plateau
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Western coast
b)
Northern plains
c)
Eastern coast
d)
Central plateau
|
Kavita Shah answered |
The eastern coast of India is more prone to cyclones than the western coast.
Which of the following is an example of a weather-associated hazard?- a)Earthquake
- b)Volcanic eruption
- c)Cyclone
- d)Landslide
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcanic eruption
c)
Cyclone
d)
Landslide
|
|
Rahul Choudhury answered |
The text states that weather-associated hazards include cyclones, thunderstorms, droughts, floods, and epidemics. Cyclones are specifically mentioned as an example of a weather-associated hazard.
Where are most of the active volcanoes located?- a)Circum-Pacific Belt
- b)Mid-World Mountain Belt
- c)African Rift Valley Belt
- d)Indian Peninsula
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Circum-Pacific Belt
b)
Mid-World Mountain Belt
c)
African Rift Valley Belt
d)
Indian Peninsula
|
|
Vikram Verma answered |
The text states that most of the active volcanoes are found in the Pacific region, which is referred to as the Pacific Ring of Fire. Therefore, the correct answer is the Circum-Pacific Belt.
Which type of forest fire spreads primarily along the ground as it engulfs the surface litter on the forest floor?- a)Crown Fire
- b)Ground Fire
- c)Underground Fire
- d)Surface Fire
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Crown Fire
b)
Ground Fire
c)
Underground Fire
d)
Surface Fire
|
|
Kavita Shah answered |
A surface fire is a forest fire that primarily spreads along the ground as it engulfs the surface litter on the forest floor.
What percentage of India's geographical area is identified as forest, according to the India State of Forest Report 2019?- a)15.24%
- b)21.67%
- c)30.89%
- d)42.13%
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
15.24%
b)
21.67%
c)
30.89%
d)
42.13%
|
|
Kavita Shah answered |
According to the India State of Forest Report 2019, approximately 21.67% of India's geographical area is identified as forest.
What is the primary mitigation measure to reduce the impact of floods in India?- a)Building dams
- b)Constructing embankments
- c)Flood forecasting
- d)Afforestation in catchment areas
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Building dams
b)
Constructing embankments
c)
Flood forecasting
d)
Afforestation in catchment areas
|
|
Sanjay Rana answered |
One of the primary mitigation measures to reduce the impact of floods in India is afforestation in catchment areas. This helps in reducing runoff and increasing the absorption of rainfall.
What is the primary cause of most tsunamis?- a)Volcanic eruptions
- b)Earthquakes
- c)Landslides
- d)Meteorite impacts
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Volcanic eruptions
b)
Earthquakes
c)
Landslides
d)
Meteorite impacts
|
|
Priya Menon answered |
Tsunamis are primarily caused by earthquakes. These earthquakes occur under the ocean and result in the sudden displacement of the seafloor. This vertical movement of the seafloor generates a series of extremely long waves, known as tsunamis.
Which Indian state witnessed the devastating Cyclone Fani in 2019?- a)Tamil Nadu
- b)Kerala
- c)Odisha
- d)West Bengal
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Tamil Nadu
b)
Kerala
c)
Odisha
d)
West Bengal
|
|
Sanjay Rana answered |
The devastating Cyclone Fani in 2019 affected the state of Odisha in India.
What is the primary purpose of the Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS)?- a)Predicting earthquake occurrences
- b)Issuing warnings for volcanic eruptions
- c)Providing early warnings for tsunamis
- d)Monitoring rainfall patterns
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Predicting earthquake occurrences
b)
Issuing warnings for volcanic eruptions
c)
Providing early warnings for tsunamis
d)
Monitoring rainfall patterns
|
|
Kavita Shah answered |
The primary purpose of the Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS) is to provide early warnings for tsunamis, especially in the Indian Ocean region.
Which type of earthquake wave can pass through both solids and liquids?- a)P waves
- b)S waves
- c)L waves
- d)R waves
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
c)
L waves
d)
R waves
|
|
Vikram Verma answered |
The text explains that P waves, also known as primary waves, are longitudinal waves that can pass through both solids and liquids. Therefore, P waves are the correct answer.
Which region in India is identified as "extremely prone" to forest fires?- a)Kerala
- b)Rajasthan
- c)Assam
- d)Tamil Nadu
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Kerala
b)
Rajasthan
c)
Assam
d)
Tamil Nadu
|
|
Kavita Shah answered |
Assam is one of the regions in India that is identified as "extremely prone" to forest fires.
How do forest fires impact soil quality and fertility?- a)Forest fires improve soil quality and fertility.
- b)Forest fires have no impact on soil quality.
- c)Forest fires decrease soil quality and fertility.
- d)Forest fires only affect tree growth, not soil quality.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Forest fires improve soil quality and fertility.
b)
Forest fires have no impact on soil quality.
c)
Forest fires decrease soil quality and fertility.
d)
Forest fires only affect tree growth, not soil quality.
|
|
Priya Menon answered |
Forest fires can decrease soil quality and fertility by altering the composition of the soil and reducing its moisture content.
What is the primary cause of forest fires during March and April in India?- a)Excessive rainfall
- b)High humidity
- c)Dry wood, leaves, and grass along with a trigger
- d)Decreased atmospheric temperature
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Excessive rainfall
b)
High humidity
c)
Dry wood, leaves, and grass along with a trigger
d)
Decreased atmospheric temperature
|
Meera Kapoor answered |
The primary cause of forest fires during March and April in India is the presence of dry wood, leaves, grass, and other flammable materials on the forest floor, which can easily ignite with a trigger.
How does climate change contribute to forest fires?- a)Climate change leads to more rainfall, reducing the risk of forest fires.
- b)Climate change results in higher humidity, making forests less prone to fires.
- c)Climate change is linked to longer duration, increasing intensity, and higher frequency of forest fires.
- d)Climate change has no impact on forest fires.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Climate change leads to more rainfall, reducing the risk of forest fires.
b)
Climate change results in higher humidity, making forests less prone to fires.
c)
Climate change is linked to longer duration, increasing intensity, and higher frequency of forest fires.
d)
Climate change has no impact on forest fires.
|
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
Climate change is linked to longer duration, increasing intensity, and higher frequency of forest fires, making them more prone to occur.
What is the key role of afforestation in flood management?- a)Increasing the flow of floodwater
- b)Reducing the absorption of rainfall
- c)Enhancing the risk of landslides
- d)Reducing runoff and increasing water absorption
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Increasing the flow of floodwater
b)
Reducing the absorption of rainfall
c)
Enhancing the risk of landslides
d)
Reducing runoff and increasing water absorption
|
|
Sanjay Rana answered |
The key role of afforestation in flood management is to reduce runoff and increase water absorption, thereby mitigating the impact of floods.
Which organization provides tsunami early warning services in India?- a)Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
- b)National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
- c)Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
- d)National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
b)
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
c)
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
d)
National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)
|
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
Tsunami early warning services in India are provided by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS).
What is the primary cause of most tropical cyclones?- a)High atmospheric pressure
- b)Low atmospheric pressure
- c)Volcanic eruptions
- d)Landslides
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
High atmospheric pressure
b)
Low atmospheric pressure
c)
Volcanic eruptions
d)
Landslides
|
|
Deepa Iyer answered |
The primary cause of most tropical cyclones is low atmospheric pressure over warm tropical oceans.
What is the major cause of landslides?- a)Rainfall and Snowfall
- b)Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
- c)Mining, Quarrying, and Road cutting
- d)Deforestation
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Rainfall and Snowfall
b)
Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
c)
Mining, Quarrying, and Road cutting
d)
Deforestation
|
|
Suresh Reddy answered |
The text states that heavy or continuous rainfall can lead to landslides, especially in areas with steep slopes. Snowfall can also contribute to the occurrence of landslides. Therefore, rainfall and snowfall are identified as major causes of landslides.
What is the difference between magma and lava?- a)Magma is liquid rock underground, while lava is liquid rock on the Earth's surface.
- b)Magma is solid rock underground, while lava is liquid rock on the Earth's surface.
- c)Magma is liquid rock on the Earth's surface, while lava is liquid rock underground.
- d)Magma is solid rock on the Earth's surface, while lava is liquid rock underground.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Magma is liquid rock underground, while lava is liquid rock on the Earth's surface.
b)
Magma is solid rock underground, while lava is liquid rock on the Earth's surface.
c)
Magma is liquid rock on the Earth's surface, while lava is liquid rock underground.
d)
Magma is solid rock on the Earth's surface, while lava is liquid rock underground.
|
|
Vikram Verma answered |
The text explains that magma is the term used for molten rocks and related materials inside the Earth, while lava is the term used for magma that has reached the Earth's surface. Therefore, magma is liquid rock underground, while lava is liquid rock on the Earth's surface.
Chapter doubts & questions for Natural Hazards in India - UPSC Mains: Internal Security & Disaster Management 2025 is part of UPSC CSE exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the UPSC CSE exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for UPSC CSE 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.
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