All questions of Achievers Section for Class 8 Exam

The statements are correct because:

The United Nations (UN) was founded in 1945

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the UN

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is located in The Hague

UNICEF stands for United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund

The UN is an intergovernmental organization that was established after World War II to promote international peace and security, human rights, and social progress. The UN's main bodies include the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat.

The ICJ is the UN's main judicial organ, and is located at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICJ's role is to settle legal disputes between states, and to provide legal advice to authorized UN organs and specialized agencies. The ICJ is made up of 15 judges who are elected to nine-year terms by the UN General Assembly and the Security Council.

The WHO is the UN's public health agency. The World Bank is another specialized agency that provides financial assistance to developing countries for education, health, and infrastructure.

Mean of the Data
To find the mean, we sum all the ages and divide by the number of people.
- Sum of ages: 20 + 25 + 30 + 25 + 20 + 35 + 40 + 25 + 30 + 20 + 45 + 50 + 55 + 60 + 25 = 555
- Number of people: 15
Mean = Total Sum / Number of People = 555 / 15 = 37 years (Incorrect calculation in earlier explanation)
Mode of the Data
The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the data set.
- Ages: 20, 25, 30, 25, 20, 35, 40, 25, 30, 20, 45, 50, 55, 60, 25
- Frequencies:
- 20 appears 3 times
- 25 appears 5 times
- 30 appears 2 times
- 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 appear once
The mode is 25 since it appears 5 times.
Range of the Data
The range is calculated by subtracting the smallest value from the largest value.
- Smallest age: 20
- Largest age: 60
Range = Largest Value - Smallest Value = 60 - 20 = 40 years
Summary of Results
- Mean: 37 years (correctly calculated)
- Mode: 25 years
- Range: 40 years
Therefore, the correct answer is option C (with the correction for the mean).

Statement-I is true because the Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. Statement-II is false because the Sahara Desert is located in Africa, not Australia.

Overview of the Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon Rainforest is a crucial ecosystem in South America, renowned for its incredible biodiversity and significant environmental contributions. The correct answer to the paragraph is option 'C', and here's why:
Key Points Supporting Option 'C'
- Earth's Lungs
- The Amazon Rainforest is often dubbed "Earth's Lungs" because of its vital role in producing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide, which helps regulate the planet's climate.
- Area Covered
- The rainforest spans approximately 6.7 million square kilometers, making it one of the largest rainforests in the world. This vast area supports a wide variety of flora and fauna.
- Species Diversity
- About 10 percent of the world's known species are found in the Amazon Rainforest. This staggering statistic highlights the importance of the region as a biodiversity hotspot, home to countless plants, animals, and microorganisms.
- Oxygen Production
- The Amazon is responsible for producing approximately 20 percent of the world's oxygen supply. This immense contribution is essential for supporting life on Earth, further emphasizing the need to protect this vital ecosystem.
Conclusion
In summary, option 'C' accurately captures the essence of the Amazon Rainforest by referring to it as "Earth's Lungs," noting its area of 6.7 million square kilometers, indicating that 10 percent of the world's species reside there, and highlighting its contribution to 20 percent of the world's oxygen supply. Understanding these facts is crucial for appreciating the rainforest's role in global ecology.

The mean of the data is 86.5. The mode is 85, which appears most frequently. The range is 20 (100-80).

The mean of the data is 32.5 million. There is no mode as no number repeats. The range of the data is 45 million (55-10).

All the statements are correct. Mercury is closest to the Sun, Venus is known as the Morning Star, Jupiter is the largest planet, Saturn has the most extensive ring system, and Neptune is the furthest planet from the Sun.

Statement-I is true because the Statue of Liberty was a gift from France to the United States. Statement-II is false because the Statue of Liberty is located in New York City, not San Francisco.

Statement-I is false because the Nile River is the longest river in the world. Statement-II is true because the Amazon Rainforest is known as the "lungs of the Earth."

Statement-I is false because the Moon is not a planet and is not located fifth from the Sun; it orbits Earth. Statement-II is true because the Moon is Earth's only natural satellite.

The Eiffel Tower is named after Alexandre Gustave Eiffel. It was constructed as the entrance arch to the 1889 World's Fair. The Eiffel Tower is 324 meters tall and was the tallest man-made structure until the completion of the Empire State Building.

The first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896. The Olympic symbol consists of five interlocking rings. Michael Phelps won the most gold medals in a single Olympics, with eight gold medals.

The capital of Canada is Ottawa, not Toronto. The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, not London. The currency of Japan is Yen, the official language of Brazil is Portuguese, and the Great Barrier Reef is in Australia.

The mean of the data is 31.3°C. The mode is 31°C, which appears most frequently. The range is 3°C (33-30).

The Amazon River is not the longest river; the Nile is. The Great Wall of China is not visible from space with the naked eye. The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert, Mount Everest is the highest peak, and Australia is the smallest continent.

Statement-I is true because the Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth. Statement-II is false because the Pacific Ocean is located between Asia and the Americas, not Africa and Europe.

All the statements are correct. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, the Wright brothers invented the airplane, Nikola Tesla invented AC, and Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity.

All the statements are correct. George Washington was the first President, the femur is the longest bone, the capital of Italy is Rome, Mercury is closest to the sun, and the Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system.

Statement-I is true because the capital city of Japan is Tokyo. Statement-II is false because the Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, not Tokyo.

Statements (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v) are correct. The capital of Japan is Tokyo, the human brain is approximately 75% water, the smallest bone is in the ear, and the blue whale is the largest animal. The Nile, not the Amazon, is the longest river in the world.

Statements (i), (ii), and (iv) are correct. The Hubble Space Telescope was launched in 1990, water's chemical formula is H₂O, and the Great Wall of China is over 13,000 miles long. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is in Italy, and the light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison, not Alexander Graham Bell.

The Great Wall of China was built to protect against the Mongols. The total length is estimated to be around 21,196 kilometers. The most well-preserved section was built during the Ming Dynasty. It is often mistakenly believed to be visible from the Moon.

All the statements are correct. The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders, Einstein developed the theory of relativity, Neil Armstrong was the first person on the moon, Ottawa is the capital of Canada, and the Earth revolves around the sun once every 365 days.

Statement-I is true because the Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world. Statement-II is false because the Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of Australia, not India.

Statement-I is false because the Great Wall of China is not visible from space with the naked eye. Statement-II is true because it was built to protect against invasions.

The first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901. The Red Cross holds the record for the most Nobel Peace Prizes won by an organization, with three prizes. The youngest recipient of the prize is Malala Yousafzai.

Statements (i), (ii), (iv), and (v) are correct. The Roman numeral for 100 is C, the Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889, the Earth has three layers, and the atomic number of oxygen is 8. The capital of Brazil is Brasília, not Rio de Janeiro.

Statement-I is true because Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Statement-II is false because Mount Everest is located in the Himalayas, not the Andes.

Statement-I is true because the capital of France is Paris. Statement-II is false because the Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, not Berlin.