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All questions of Himalayas: Northern Mountains for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

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Consider the following statements concerning the Himalayas:
1. The altitudinal variations of Himalayas are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half. 
2. The Brahmaputra marks the eastern-most boundary of the Himalayas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    2 only
  • b)
    1 and 2 only
  • c)
    1 only
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Aarya Pillai answered
The Himalayas are a mountain range located in South Asia, covering a vast area across several countries such as India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan. Let us examine the given statements concerning the Himalayas:

1. They are old fold mountains.

The Himalayas are indeed old fold mountains that were formed over millions of years due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates. This collision resulted in the formation of the Himalayan mountain range, which is still rising at a rate of approximately 5mm per year due to tectonic activity.

2. They run from west to east direction.

This statement is incorrect. The Himalayas run in an east-west direction, stretching over 2,400 km from the Karakoram Range in the west to the Namcha Barwa in the east. The range is not straight, but instead, it curves in an arc-like shape, forming a natural barrier between the Indian subcontinent and the rest of Asia.

Therefore, the correct option is 'B,' i.e., only statement 2 is correct.

PirPanjal Range in the Himalayas is a part of :
  • a)
    Shiwalik
  • b)
    TransHimalaya
  • c)
    Central Himalaya
  • d)
    Lesser Himalaya
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Suresh Reddy answered
PirPanjal Range is concerned with the lesser Himalayan region. It includes Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir and Kashmir (POK).

Consider the following statements:
1. Western Himalayas extend till west of River Kali whereas Eastern Himalayas extend from Kali to Brahmaputra river.
2. Western Himalayas have less biodiversity in comparison to the eastern Himalayas.
3. Altitude is higher in Western Himalayas than the Eastern Himalayas.
Which of the above statements is/are correct concerning the comparison of Western Himalayas to Eastern Himalayas?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    1 and 2 only
  • c)
    2 and 3 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
All statements are correct
Comparison between Western Himalayas and Eastern Himalayas :
  • Extension: Western Himalayas extend till west of River Kali whereas Eastern Himalayas extend from Kali to Brahmaputra river.
  • Height: Western Himalayas rise in parts whereas Eastern Himalayas rises abruptly from the plains.
  • Vegetation: Western Himalayas are Coniferous forests and alpine vegetations.
  • Biodiversity: Western Himalayas have less biodiversity in comparison to the eastern Himalayas.
  • Precipitation: Western Himalayas receive from the northwest monsoon in the winters; Eastern Himalayas receive south-eastern monsoon in the summers.
  • Snowline: Lower in Eastern Himalayas; Higher in Western Himalayas.
  • Altitude: It is higher in Western Himalayas than the Eastern Himalayas.

Question No. 47 to 52 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
India is one of the ancient civilisations in the world. It has achieved multifaceted socio-economic progress during the last five decades. It has moved forward displaying remarkable progress in the field of agriculture, industry, technology, and overall economic development. India has also contributed significantly to the making of world history. India is a vast country. Lying entirely in the Northern hemisphere the mainland extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E. The Tropic of Cancer divides the country into almost two equal parts. To the southeast and southwest of the mainland, lie the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea respectively. The southernmost point of the Indian Union was submerged under the seawater in 2004 during the Tsunami.
Q. Find the common link and fill in the blank accordingly in the context of India's location.
Northern : Latitude :: ________ : Longitude
  • a)
    Eastern
  • b)
    Southern
  • c)
    Northern
  • d)
    Western
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Radha Iyer answered
Northern : Latitude :: Eastern : Longitude.

Regarding the Himalayas, which of the following statements are true?
1. Their width varies from 400 Km in Kashmir to 150 Km in Arunachal Pradesh.
2. They have come up during the Tertiary epoch under Alpine earth movement.
3. The altitudinal variations are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
  • a)
    1 and 2 only
  • b)
    2 and 3 only
  • c)
    1 and 3 only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Shilpa Chavan answered
Statement  1 is correct
The Himalayas represent the loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers of the world. They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 2,400 Km spread uninterruptedly from Jammu & Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east. Their width varies from 400 Km in Kashmir to 150 Km in Arunachal Pradesh.
Statement  2 is correct 
They are one of the newest fold mountains of the world and they have come up during the Tertiary epoch under Alpine earth movement.
Statement  3 is correct
The altitudinal variations are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half, which is why high mountain peaks like Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga are present in the Eastern Himalayas.

In which of the following region the Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Dhaulagiri, mountains are found?
  • a)
    Kashmir /Punjab/ Himachal Himalayas 
  • b)
    Central/ Nepal Himalayas/Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas 
  • c)
    Assam/ Eastern Himalayas. 
  • d)
    Kumaun Himalayas
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Meera Singh answered
Central/ Nepal Himalayas/Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas 
  • These Lie in Nepal also stretches from the Kali River to the Kosi river (Nepal Himalayas) and between Kosi river to Teesta river (Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas).
  • These are known for their fast-flowing rivers like ‘TEESTA’ and their Tea plantations due to good rainfall all year and mild winters. They are also known for ‘DUAR’ formations. 
  • Important peaks are Mt. Everest, Kanchenjunga, Makalu, Dhaulagiri, Annapurna, Manaslu, and Gosainath.

Which of the following hill / ranges is not along the international boundary with Bangladesh?
  • a)
    Garo hills
  • b)
    Khasi hills
  • c)
    Jantia hills
  • d)
    Naga hills
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Eshaan Kapoor answered
The Patkai Bum, Naga Hills and Mizo Hills are along the international boundary with Myanmar while the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills are located along the border with Bangladesh.

Which one of the following peaks is the highest?
  • a)
    Nanda Devi
  • b)
    Kanchenjunga
  • c)
    Godwin Austin
  • d)
    Nanga Parbat
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
Godwin Austen (K2) is the highest peak in the given options. It is the world’s second tallest peak It is located in the Karakoram Range of the Himalaya in Northern Kashmir. Its height is 8611m.

Consider the following statements regarding the regional divisions of the Himalayas:
1. The Kumaun Himalayas are drained by the Indus and the Ganga river systems.
2. The Assam Himalayas are characterized by the presence of the Karewa soil.
3. The Central/Nepal Himalayas are known for their tea plantations due to good rainfall all year and mild winters.
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 3 Only
  • c)
    1 and 2 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Saumya Iyer answered
Explanation:

1. Kumaun Himalayas:
- The Kumaun Himalayas are drained by the Indus and the Ganga river systems, making them an essential region in terms of water resources and biodiversity. The Indus and Ganga rivers play a significant role in shaping the landscape and providing water for agriculture and other human activities in the region.

2. Assam Himalayas:
- The Assam Himalayas are characterized by the presence of the Karewa soil. Karewa soil is a type of fertile soil that is found in the region, making it suitable for agriculture and other land uses. This soil type contributes to the overall productivity and sustainability of the region.

3. Central/Nepal Himalayas:
- The Central/Nepal Himalayas are known for their tea plantations due to good rainfall all year and mild winters. The favorable climate conditions in this region make it ideal for growing tea, which is an important economic activity in the area. The tea plantations are not only a source of livelihood for many people but also contribute to the overall economy of the region.
Therefore, statement 1 and 3 are correct as they accurately describe the regional divisions of the Himalayas. Statement 2 is incorrect as the presence of Karewa soil is not a characteristic of the Assam Himalayas. Hence, the correct answer is option B) 1 and 3 Only.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Pir Panjal Range - Karakoram Range
2. Dhauladhar Range - Himachal Pradesh
3. Nathu La Pass - Kumaun Himalayas
4. Blue Mountains - Eastern Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Toppers answered
1. Pir Panjal Range - Karakoram Range: Incorrect. The Pir Panjal Range is a part of the Lesser Himalayas, not the Karakoram Range.
2. Dhauladhar Range - Himachal Pradesh: Correct. The Dhauladhar Range is located in Himachal Pradesh.
3. Nathu La Pass - Kumaun Himalayas: Incorrect. Nathu La Pass is located in the Sikkim Himalayas, not the Kumaun Himalayas.
4. Blue Mountains - Eastern Himalayas: Correct. The Blue Mountains are part of the Eastern Himalayas, specifically in Mizoram.
Thus, only two pairs (2 and 4) are correctly matched.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Mount Kailash - Trans Himalayas
2. Saramati Peak - Patkai Bum
3. Mount Everest - Lesser Himalayas
4. Nanga Parbat - Zanskar Range
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Saumya Iyer answered
Explanation:

Mount Kailash - Trans Himalayas:
- This pair is correctly matched. Mount Kailash is located in the Trans Himalayas region.

Saramati Peak - Patkai Bum:
- This pair is correctly matched. Saramati Peak is part of the Patkai Bum range in Nagaland, India.

Mount Everest - Lesser Himalayas:
- This pair is incorrectly matched. Mount Everest is located in the Greater Himalayas, not the Lesser Himalayas.

Nanga Parbat - Zanskar Range:
- This pair is incorrectly matched. Nanga Parbat is part of the Himalayas, not the Zanskar Range.
Therefore, out of the four pairs given, only two pairs are correctly matched - Mount Kailash with Trans Himalayas and Saramati Peak with Patkai Bum.

The Palghat Gap serves inland communications from
  • a)
    Kochi to chennai 
  • b)
    Madurai to Thiruvananthapuram
  • c)
    Pune to Mumbai
  • d)
    Bangalore to Mangalore
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Mehta answered
Palghat Gap is situated in the Western Ghats between Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu and Palakkad in Kerala. It Facilitates the internal communication link between Kochi to Chennai.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
Nepal Himalayas primarily extend from the Kali River in the west to the Tista River in the east.
Statement-II:
Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to Nepal Himalayas.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect 
  • c)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Harshitha Joshi answered
Explanation:

Statement-I:
- The statement is correct. Nepal Himalayas indeed extend from the Kali River in the west to the Tista River in the east, covering a significant portion of the Himalayan range.

Statement-II:
- The statement is incorrect. Assam Himalayas are not lower in elevation compared to Nepal Himalayas. In fact, the Assam Himalayas are part of the Himalayan range and have similar elevations to the rest of the range.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C': Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

Consider the following pairs regarding important mountain passes in India:
1. Rohtang Pass - Himachal Pradesh
2. Nathu La - Arunachal Pradesh
3. Khardung La - Ladakh
4. Bomdi La - Sikkim
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

K.L Institute answered
1. Rohtang Pass - Himachal Pradesh: Correctly matched. Rohtang Pass is a high mountain pass on the eastern Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas, located around 51 km from Manali in Himachal Pradesh.
2. Nathu La - Arunachal Pradesh: Incorrectly matched. Nathu La is a mountain pass in the Himalayas that connects the Indian state of Sikkim with China's Tibet Autonomous Region.
3. Khardung La - Ladakh: Correctly matched. Khardung La is a high mountain pass located in the Ladakh region of India.
4. Bomdi La - Sikkim: Incorrectly matched. Bomdi La (more accurately spelled Bomdila) is a pass in Arunachal Pradesh, not Sikkim.
Pairs 1 and 3 are correctly matched. Pairs 2 and 4 are incorrectly matched.
Answer: Option B: Only two pairs

Consider the following statements—
1. Zojila Pass in PirPanjal range connects Jammu and Srinagar
2. Banihal Pass connects Srinagar to Drass and Kargil.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Snehal Chauhan answered
1. Zoji La is a high mountain pass in Jammu and Kashmir, located on the Indian National Highway 10 Between Srinagar and Leh.
2. Banihal Pass is a mountain pass across the PirPanjal Range.
This mountain range connects the Kashmir Valley in the
Indian State Jammu and Kashmir to the outer Himalaya andplains to the South.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Pangea and Panthalassa - 250 million years ago
2. Breaking of Pangea - 100 million years ago
3. Formation of Tethys Sea - After the breakup of Pangea
4. Convergence of Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates - Driven by mantle convection currents
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Aim It Academy answered
1. Pangea and Panthalassa - 250 million years ago: Correct. Pangea was a supercontinent that existed around 250 million years ago, surrounded by the vast ocean Panthalassa.
2. Breaking of Pangea - 100 million years ago: Incorrect. Pangea began to break apart around 150 million years ago, not 100 million years ago.
3. Formation of Tethys Sea - After the breakup of Pangea: Correct. The breakup of Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea between Laurasia and Gondwanaland.
4. Convergence of Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates - Driven by mantle convection currents: Correct. The convergence of these plates was driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle.
Thus, pairs 1, 3, and 4 are correctly matched, while pair 2 is incorrect.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Trans-Himalayas are the Himalayan Ranges located north of the Great Himalayan Range. They span approximately 1,000 kilometers in an east-west direction.
Statement-II:
The Greater Himalayas, also known as Himadri, are composed of ancient rocks like granite, gneisses, and schist. They extend southeast across northern Pakistan, India, and Nepal, curving eastwards across Sikkim and Bhutan, and turning northeast across northern Arunachal Pradesh.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mainak Chakraborty answered
Explanation:

Statement-I:
- The Trans-Himalayas are not the Himalayan Ranges located north of the Great Himalayan Range. Instead, they are located to the north of the Greater Himalayas.
- The Trans-Himalayas span approximately 1,000 kilometers in an east-west direction, and they are characterized by rugged terrain and high altitudes.

Statement-II:
- The Greater Himalayas, also known as Himadri, are indeed composed of ancient rocks like granite, gneisses, and schist.
- They extend southeast across northern Pakistan, India, and Nepal, curving eastwards across Sikkim and Bhutan, and turning northeast across northern Arunachal Pradesh.
Therefore, in this case, Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Western Himalayas have less biodiversity in comparison to the Eastern Himalayas.
Statement-II:
The altitude of the Eastern Himalayas is generally lower than that of the Western Himalayas, contributing to a warmer climate.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Devansh Datta answered
Understanding the Statements
The question revolves around two statements related to the biodiversity of the Himalayas and their altitudinal characteristics.
Statement-I Analysis
- The Western Himalayas are known to have less biodiversity compared to the Eastern Himalayas.
- This is largely due to factors such as climate, vegetation types, and human activity which can vary greatly across these regions.
Statement-II Analysis
- The Eastern Himalayas generally have a lower altitude than the Western Himalayas.
- This lower altitude contributes to a warmer climate, which can support a variety of flora and fauna, enhancing biodiversity.
Correctness of the Statements
- Both statements are accurate:
- Statement-I is correct as the Eastern Himalayas exhibit richer biodiversity due to climatic conditions and ecological factors.
- Statement-II is also correct, as the altitude influences temperature and, consequently, biodiversity.
Relationship Between the Statements
- While both statements are correct, Statement-II does not directly explain Statement-I.
- The lower altitude and warmer climate in the Eastern Himalayas contribute to greater biodiversity, but this is not a direct causal relationship.
Conclusion
- Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B':
- Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I.
This highlights the complexity of ecological systems and the factors influencing biodiversity in different Himalayan regions.

How were the Himalayas formed according to the provided information?
  • a)
    Due to the separation of the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate
  • b)
    Resulting from the splitting of the Gondwanaland continent
  • c)
    Formed by the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate
  • d)
    A consequence of the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Spectrum Coaching Institute answered
The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. This convergence led to the gradual upliftment of the sedimentary layers from the former seabed, creating the massive mountain range we now know as the Himalayas. This ongoing tectonic activity continues to uplift the Himalayas at a rate of approximately 5 millimeters per year, showcasing the dynamic geological processes shaping our planet.

What is the other name of the highest range in the Western Ghats?
  • a)
    PirPanjal
  • b)
    Siwalik range
  • c)
    Sahyadris
  • d)
    NamchaBarwa
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Siddharth Dey answered
The Western Ghats, also the "Sahyadri", is a mountain range that covers an area of 160,000 square kilometres (62,000 sq mi) in a stretch of 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, traversing the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the eight hotspots of biological diversity in the world. It is sometimes called the Great Escarpment of India.

Considering the locations of mountains in India, which one among the following is in the right sequence from south to north?
  • a)
    Doddabetta, Kailash, Dhaulagiri, Vindhyachal
  • b)
    Doddabetta, Vindhyachal, Dhaulagiri, Kailash
  • c)
    Dhaulagiri, Kailash, Doddabetta, Vindhyachal
  • d)
    Dhaulagiri, Vindhyachal, Doddabetta, Kailash
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Disha Chakraborty answered
The correct sequence of mountains in India from south to north is:
b) Doddabetta, Vindhyachal, Dhaulagiri, Kailash

Explanation:
1. Doddabetta: Doddabetta is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Hills of the Western Ghats. It is located near Ooty in the state of Tamil Nadu. Doddabetta is known for its scenic beauty and is a popular tourist destination.

2. Vindhyachal: Vindhyachal is not a mountain but a range of hills in central India. It is located in the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The Vindhyachal range is known for its rich biodiversity and is an important pilgrimage site for Hindus.

3. Dhaulagiri: Dhaulagiri is not located in India, but in Nepal. It is the seventh highest mountain in the world and is part of the Himalayas. Dhaulagiri is known for its challenging climbing routes and is a popular destination for mountaineers.

4. Kailash: Kailash is not located in India either, but in Tibet, an autonomous region of China. It is considered a sacred mountain by Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Bon followers. Mount Kailash is known for its religious significance and is a popular pilgrimage site.

Therefore, the correct sequence of mountains in India from south to north is Doddabetta, Vindhyachal, Dhaulagiri, Kailash, which is option b) Doddabetta, Vindhyachal, Dhaulagiri, Kailash.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Lesser Himalayas have an average height ranging from 3500 to 5000 meters and are composed of metamorphic rocks.
Statement-II:
The Sub Himalayas or Shiwaliks have an average height of 1000 to 1500 meters and are made of clay, sand, gravel, slate, and boulders.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Saumya Iyer answered
Explanation:

Statement-I:
- The Lesser Himalayas have an average height ranging from 3500 to 5000 meters.
- The rocks in the Lesser Himalayas are composed of metamorphic rocks.

Statement-II:
- The Sub Himalayas or Shiwaliks have an average height of 1000 to 1500 meters.
- The rocks in the Sub Himalayas are made of clay, sand, gravel, slate, and boulders.

Analysis:
- Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct as they provide accurate information about the heights and composition of the Lesser Himalayas and the Sub Himalayas.
- However, Statement-II does not explain Statement-I. The statements are independent of each other and do not have a cause-effect relationship.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 'B': Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I.

Consider the following passage:
Characterized by high snow-covered peaks, deep valleys, interlocked spurs and High Mountain passes. Karewa soil which is famous for the saffron and other dry fruit cultivation is found here. Major Range lies in this area are Karakoram, Ladakh, Pir Panjal, Zaskar and Dhola Dhar.
Which of the following region is described in the above passage?
  • a)
    Kashmir /Punjab/ Himachal Himalayas 
  • b)
    Kumaun Himalayas 
  • c)
    Central/ Nepal Himalayas/Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas 
  • d)
    Assam/ Eastern Himalayas. 
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Pooja Shah answered
Kashmir /Punjab/ Himachal Himalayas 
  • These Lie in J&K, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, and in some parts of Punjab. Lies between the Indus and Satluj river
  • Characterized by high snow-covered peaks, deep valleys, interlocked spurs and High Mountain passes. Karewa soil which is famous for the saffron and other dry fruit cultivation is found here.
  • Important ranges are Karakoram, Ladakh, Pir Panjal, Zanskar and Dhauladhar.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to the Nepal Himalayas.
2. The Western Syntaxial Bend occurs near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh.
3. The Eastern Syntaxial Bend marks the eastern extremity of the Himalayas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Prateek Datta answered
Analysis of the Statements
To determine the correctness of the statements regarding the Himalayas, we will analyze each one in detail.

Statement 1: The Assam Himalayas are lower in elevation compared to the Nepal Himalayas.
- This statement is **correct**.
- The Assam Himalayas, which are part of the eastern Himalayas, are generally lower in elevation compared to the Nepal Himalayas, where peaks like Mount Everest dominate the landscape.

Statement 2: The Western Syntaxial Bend occurs near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh.
- This statement is **incorrect**.
- The Western Syntaxial Bend is actually located near the Nanga Parbat region in Pakistan, not Namcha Barwa. Namcha Barwa is associated with the Eastern Syntaxial Bend, which is further east in Arunachal Pradesh.

Statement 3: The Eastern Syntaxial Bend marks the eastern extremity of the Himalayas.
- This statement is **correct**.
- The Eastern Syntaxial Bend, located near Namcha Barwa, indeed marks the easternmost point of the Himalayas, showcasing a significant geographical change in the mountain range.

Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Correct Statements**: 1 and 3
- **Incorrect Statement**: 2
The correct answer is **option 'C' (1 and 3 only)**.

Passive citizens of France were:
  • a)
    Only men above 25 years
  • b)
    Only propertied women
  • c)
    Only propertied men
  • d)
    Men and women who didn't vote
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ojasvi Gupta answered
Passive citizens of France

Passive citizens in France during the French Revolution were those who were not entitled to vote. They were classified as passive citizens because they did not have the right to participate in the election process.

Who were passive citizens?

Passive citizens in France included men and women who did not have the right to vote. The categories of people who were classified as passive citizens include:

- Men and women who did not qualify to be active citizens
- Men and women who did not have the right to vote
- Men and women who did not pay taxes

Why were they passive citizens?

Passive citizens were not allowed to participate in the election process because they did not meet the requirements to be active citizens. The criteria for active citizenship included:

- Being a French male
- Being at least 25 years old
- Paying taxes
- Being able to read and write

Passive citizens were not able to meet these criteria, and therefore they were not given the right to vote.

Conclusion

Passive citizens in France during the French Revolution were men and women who did not have the right to vote. They were not able to meet the criteria for active citizenship, and therefore they were classified as passive citizens.

In which of the following region the Pindari, Gangotri, and Milam glaciers are found?
  • a)
    Central/ Nepal Himalayas/Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas 
  • b)
    Assam/ Eastern Himalayas. 
  • c)
    Kashmir /Punjab/ Himachal Himalayas 
  • d)
    Kumaun Himalayas 
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohit Jain answered
The Kumaun Himalayas
  • These lie between the Satluj and Kali river
  • It is drained by the Indus and the Ganga river systems. It is distinguished by the ‘DUN’ formations like the Chandigarh-Kalka dun and Dehradun. They are inhabited by the Bhutias who migrate to the ‘Bugyals’ which are the summer grasslands. The ‘valley of flowers’ is located here.
  • Important Glaciers are Pindari, Gangotri, and Milam.

Consider the following statements
1. Southern Slopes receive more precipitation as compared to Northern Slopes.
2. Southern Slopes are covered with thick vegetation whereas Northern Slopes are generally barren.
Which of the above statements is/are correct concerning the comparison of Northern slopes to Southern slopes of  Himalayas?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vandana Shah answered
Comparison between Northern and Southern slopes of Himalayas
  • Precipitation: Southern Slopes receive more as compared to Northern Slopes as it lies in the rain shadow region.
  • Vegetation: Southern Slopes are covered with thick vegetation whereas Northern Slopes are generally barren. The volume of precipitation decreases from the south towards the north
  • Snowline: Due to a longer period of sunshine, less snow accumulates on the southern slopes than on the northern slopes.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Himalayas were formed as a result of the convergence of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.
2. The breakup of Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea, which later contributed to the genesis of the Himalayas.
3. The Himalayas continue to rise approximately 10 millimeters per year due to the ongoing convergence of tectonic plates.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
1. Statement 1 is correct. The Himalayas were indeed formed by the convergence of the Indo-Australian Plate with the Eurasian Plate. This tectonic activity led to the upliftment of the sediments in the Tethys Sea, resulting in the formation of the Himalayan mountain range.
2. Statement 2 is correct. The breakup of the supercontinent Pangea led to the formation of the Tethys Sea between the northern Laurasia and the southern Gondwanaland. The sedimentation in the Tethys Sea and its eventual closure due to plate convergence were critical processes in the genesis of the Himalayas.
3. Statement 3 is incorrect. While the Himalayas continue to rise due to the ongoing convergence of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates, the uplift rate is approximately 5 millimeters per year, not 10 millimeters per year.
Therefore, the correct answer is Option B.

Which of the following pair is not correct regarding the division of the Himalayas and their hills/ranges?
  • a)
    The trans-Himalayas → The Zaskar range
  • b)
    The Eastern Himalayas → The Patkai Bum
  • c)
    The Eastern Himalayas → The Karakoram range
  • d)
    The trans-Himalayas → The Ladakh range
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Poulomi Nambiar answered
And the Karakoram Range
b)The Western Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range
c)The Eastern Himalayas and the Dhaulagiri Range
d)The Central Himalayas and the Kumaon Range

The correct answer is c) The Eastern Himalayas and the Dhaulagiri Range. The Dhaulagiri Range is located in Nepal, which is part of the Central Himalayas, not the Eastern Himalayas.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Himalayas are one of the 'newest fold mountains' of the world and they have come up during the Tertiary epoch under Alpine earth movement.
Statement-II:
The Himalayas are the result of the collision between the Eurasian plate (Angaraland) and the Indo-Australian plate (Gondwanaland).
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Saumya Iyer answered
Explanation:

Statement Analysis:
- Statement-I: The Himalayas are one of the 'newest fold mountains' of the world and they have come up during the Tertiary epoch under Alpine earth movement.
- Statement-II: The Himalayas are the result of the collision between the Eurasian plate (Angaraland) and the Indo-Australian plate (Gondwanaland).

Correct Answer Justification:
- Both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I. The Himalayas indeed are one of the newest fold mountains in the world, formed during the Tertiary epoch due to the collision between the Eurasian and Indo-Australian plates. This collision caused the upliftment of the Himalayan range through the Alpine earth movement.
Therefore, option 'A' is the correct choice as both statements are accurate and interrelated, with Statement-II providing the geological explanation for the formation of the Himalayas as mentioned in Statement-I.

Consider the following pairs:
1. Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
2. Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
3. Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
4. Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Mansi Khanna answered
Correctly Matched Pairs Analysis
To determine how many pairs are correctly matched, we need to analyze each mountain and its corresponding region:
1. Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
- Correct Match: Mount Everest is indeed located in the Nepal Himalayas, making this pair accurate.
2. Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
- Incorrect Match: Namcha Barwa is located in the eastern Himalayas but is primarily part of Tibet. It is not in the Assam Himalayas.
3. Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
- Correct Match: Kanchenjunga is situated on the border between Nepal and India, predominantly in the Nepal Himalayas, making this pair accurate.
4. Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
- Incorrect Match: Dhaulagiri is located in the Nepal Himalayas, not the Assam Himalayas, making this pair inaccurate.
Summary of Correct Matches
- Correctly Matched Pairs:
- Mount Everest – Nepal Himalayas
- Kanchenjunga – Nepal Himalayas
- Incorrectly Matched Pairs:
- Namcha Barwa – Assam Himalayas
- Dhaulagiri – Assam Himalayas
Final Conclusion
Only two pairs are correctly matched, which aligns with the answer option 'B'.

Which of the following statements about Nathu La Pass are correct?
1. It links Sikkim with Tibet
2. It was the main artery of the ancient Silk Route
3. It was reopened in the year 2006
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
  • a)
    1, 2 and 3
  • b)
    1 and 2
  • c)
    2 and 3
  • d)
    1 and 3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ipsita Mishra answered
  • Nathu La is a mountain pass in the Himalayas. It connects the Indian state of Sikkim with China’s Tibet Autonomous Region. The pass, at 4,310 m (14,140 ft) above mean sea level, forms a part of an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.
  • Nathumeans“listening ears” and La means“pass” in Tibetan. On the Indian side, the pass is 54 km (34 mi) east of Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim. Only citizens of India can visit the pass, and then only after obtaining a permit in Gangtok.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Zaskar Range runs roughly parallel to the Great Himalayan Range.
2. The Karakoram Range is the southernmost part of the Trans-Himalayas in India.
3. The Ladakh Range is seen as an extension of the Karakoram Range towards the southwest.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 and 3 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Learnpro Institute answered
Statement 1 is correct. The Zaskar Range indeed runs roughly parallel to the Great Himalayan Range, extending from the Suru River to the upper Karnali River and featuring peaks like Kamet.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Karakoram Range is actually the northernmost part of the Trans-Himalayas in India, not the southernmost. It serves as the boundary between India and Afghanistan, as well as China.
Statement 3 is incorrect. The Ladakh Range is an extension of the Karakoram Range towards the southeast, not the southwest, stretching from the mouth of the Shyok River in North Kashmir towards the Indo-Tibetan borders.
Thus, only Statement 1 is correct.

Match the following
(d)(c)
  • a)
    (a)
  • b)
    (b)
  • c)
    (c)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rhea Reddy answered
  • Zoji La is a high mountain pass in Jammu and Kashmir, India, located on the Indian National Highway 1D between Srinagar and Leh in the western section of the Himalayan mountain range.
  • Bara-lacha la also known as Bara-lacha Pass, or BārāLācha La, is a high mountain pass in Zanskar range, connecting Lahaul district in Himachal Pradesh to Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, situated along the Leh – Manali Highway.
  • Jelep La or Jelep Pass, elevation 4,267 m or 13,999 ft, is a high mountain pass between East Sikkim District, Sikkim, India and
  • Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is on a route that connects Lhasa to India. The pass is 46 metres in length. Niti is a small village in Niti valley of Joshimath. Niti is the last village and outpost in the Indo – Tibetan border in Chamoli district.

Consider the following statements:
1. The Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas are the southernmost range of the Himalayas and lie between the Middle Himalayas in the north and the Indo-Gangetic Plains in the south.
2. The Purvanchal or Eastern Hills extend from Arunachal Pradesh in the north to Mizoram in the south, serving as India's border with Myanmar.
3. The Kumaon Himalayas, also known as Garhwal Himalayas in the west, lie between the Indus River in the west and the Sutlej River in the east.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 Only
  • b)
    1 and 2 Only
  • c)
    1 and 3 Only
  • d)
    1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Wizius Careers answered
1. Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas: The first statement is correct. The Shiwalik or Outer Himalayas are the southernmost range of the Himalayas, lying between the Middle Himalayas in the north and the Indo-Gangetic Plains in the south. This is a well-established geographical fact about the Himalayan ranges.
2. Purvanchal or Eastern Hills: The second statement is also correct. The Purvanchal or Eastern Hills extend from Arunachal Pradesh in the north to Mizoram in the south and serve as India's border with Myanmar. This correctly describes the geographical extent and significance of these hills.
3. Kumaon Himalayas: The third statement is incorrect. The Kumaon Himalayas, also known as Garhwal Himalayas in the west, lie between the Satluj River in the west and the Kali River in the east, not between the Indus River and the Sutlej River. The region between the Indus River and the Sutlej River is known as the Punjab Himalayas.
Thus, the correct answer is Option B.

Consider the following statements:
Statement-I:
The Himalayas were formed due to the convergence of the Indo-Australian Tectonic Plate with the Eurasian Tectonic Plate.
Statement-II:
The Tethys Sea vanished entirely as a result of the converging plates and the upward movement of sediments, leading to the genesis of the Himalayas.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
  • a)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • b)
    Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • c)
    Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • d)
    Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aspire Academy answered

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct. The Himalayas were indeed formed due to the convergence of the Indo-Australian Tectonic Plate with the Eurasian Tectonic Plate. The Tethys Sea vanished entirely as a result of the converging plates and the upward movement of sediments, which led to the genesis of the Himalayas. The movement of the plates caused the sediments to uplift and form the massive mountain range we now know as the Himalayas. Therefore, Statement-II explains the process behind Statement-I, establishing a clear link between the formation of the Himalayas and the disappearance of the Tethys Sea.

Consider the following pairs:
1. K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen) - Zaskar Range
2. Kamet Peak - Greater Himalayas
3. Siachen Glacier - Zaskar Range
4. Nanga Parbat -  Middle or the Lesser Himalayas
How many pairs given above are correctly matched?
  • a)
    Only one pair
  • b)
    Only two pairs
  • c)
    Only three pairs
  • d)
    All four pairs
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Goel UPSC Coaching Center answered
Let's evaluate each pair:

 

  • K2 (Mount Godwin-Austen) - Zaskar Range: Incorrect. K2 is part of the Karakoram Range, not the Zaskar Range.

  • Kamet Peak - Greater Himalayas: Correct. Kamet is located in the Garhwal region of the Greater Himalayas.

  • Siachen Glacier - Zaskar Range: Incorrect. Siachen Glacier is in the eastern Karakoram Range.

  • Nanga Parbat - Middle or the Lesser Himalayas: Incorrect. Nanga Parbat is part of the Himalayas but specifically in the Western Himalayas.


    •  

 
Only one pair is correctly matched: Option A.

Chapter doubts & questions for Himalayas: Northern Mountains - Geography for State PSC Exams 2025 is part of BPSC (Bihar) exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the BPSC (Bihar) exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for BPSC (Bihar) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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