Given an ellipse with equation x^2/9 + y^2/1 = 1, let's analyze the given information step by step to understand why the locus of the midpoint of PR is an ellipse.
1. Finding the coordinates of point P:
Since PQ is a double ordinate, it means that the line segment PQ passes through the center of the ellipse. The center of the ellipse is (0, 0), so the coordinates of point P are (0, 1).
2. Finding the equation of the normal at point P:
To find the equation of the normal at point P, we need to find the slope of the tangent at point P. Differentiating the equation of the ellipse, we get:
2x/9 + 2y(dy/dx) = 0
dy/dx = -9x/(2y)
The slope of the normal is the negative reciprocal of the slope of the tangent, so the slope of the normal at P is (2y)/(9x).
Using the point-slope form of a line, the equation of the normal at P is given by:
y - 1 = (2y)/(9x) * (x - 0)
9xy - 9x = 2y^2 - 2y
2y^2 - 9xy + 9x - 2y + 2 = 0
3. Finding the coordinates of point Q:
Since PQ is a double ordinate, it means that the distance between points P and Q is equal to 2 times the distance between point P and the center of the ellipse. The distance between P and the center is 1, so the distance between P and Q is 2.
Since point P is at (0, 1), point Q can be at either (2, 1) or (-2, 1).
4. Finding the equation of the diameter through point Q:
Since point Q lies on the diameter, we can find the equation of the diameter passing through point Q by finding the equation of the line passing through points P and Q.
Using the two-point form of a line, the equation of the diameter is given by:
(y - 1) = (1 - 1)/(0 - 2) * (x - 2)
(x + 2) = 0
So the equation of the diameter is x = -2.
5. Finding the coordinates of point R:
Point R is the intersection of the normal at P and the diameter passing through Q. Since the equation of the diameter is x = -2, the x-coordinate of point R is -2. We can substitute this value into the equation of the normal to find the y-coordinate of point R.
2y^2 - 9(-2)y + 9(-2) - 2y + 2 = 0
2y^2 + 18y - 18 - 2y + 2 = 0
2y^2 + 16y - 16 = 0
y^2 + 8y - 8 = 0
Using the quadratic formula, we can solve for y:
y = (-8 ± √(8^2 - 4*1*(-8)))/2
y = (-8 ± √(64 + 32))/2
y = (-8 ± √96)/2
y = (-