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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - NEET MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers - 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers preparation. The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 below.
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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 1

Occur rence of endemic species in South America and Australia is due to

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 1

These areas are geographically isolated from other continents by the oceanic barrier which has prevented uniform distribution of fauna.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 2

Half life period of C is about

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 2

In 5000 years a given amount of radioactive carbon would decay to half initial concentration.

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 3

Which of the following are homologous organs?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 3

Homologous organs are those organs, which have the same origin and similar basic structure but may differ in external appearance and function. Wings of birds and pectoral fins of fishes are an example of the homologous organs.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 4

There is no life on moon due to the absence of

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 4

Water is an essential constituent of cytoplasm of all living organisms it helps in distribution of substances within the organism elimination of waste products, body temperature maintenance etc. It is absent on moon. Anaerobic organisms can live in the absence of O2. Light and temperature are already known to exist on moon.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 5

Sequence of which of the followings is used to know the phylogeny?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 5

rRNA occurs in side ribosomes and involved in protein synthesis, mRNA brings coded information from DNA to form polypeptides. tRNA takes part in transferring amino acids from cellular pool to episomes for polymerization to form polypeptides.
Carl Woese gave the theory of life based on his discovery that the genes encoding ribosomal RNA are ancient and distributed over all lineages of life with little or no gene transfer. Therefore rRNA are commonly used to infer phylogeny.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 6

In which era reptiles were dominant?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 6

The Mesozoic era is the era during which reptiles were dominant. It includes three periods: Triassic (240 million years ago), Jurassic (195 million years ago) and Cretaceous (135 million years ago). Origin of dinosaurs occurred during the triassic period. During the Jurassic period, lizards, crocodiles and alligators originated. Dinosaurs became large and reptiles were dominant during this period. During the cretaceous period, dinosaurs got extinct.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 7

Two different species can not live for long duration in the same niche or habitat. This law is

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 7

Gause's hypothesis states that two different competing species cannot coexist together for a long in the same niche, one has to get eliminated by the other competing species, if they do coexist, then they do so as a result of niche differentiation, i.e. differentiation of then realized niches.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 8

Which of the following is most important for speciation ?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 8

The phenomenon of development of a new species from pre-existing one is called speciation. Reproductive isolation is the prevention of interbreeding between the populations of two different species. It maintains the characters of the species but can lead to the origin of new species.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 9

According to fossils discovered up to present time origin and evolution of man was started from

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 9

Africa is often called as the cradle of man.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 10

In which condition the gene ratio remains constant for any species?

[2002]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 10

Mutation is any random sudden heritable change occurring in the genetic material. Sexual selection refers to selection of a mate by an organism.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 11

In recent years, DNA sequences (nucleotide sequence) of mt-DNA and Y chromosomes were considered for the study of human evolution, because

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 11

In human cells, chromosomes are present in both nucleus as well as mitochondria. Most of the proteins in humans are encoded by the nuclear genome but mitochondrial DNA plays a significant role too. Mitochondria contain their own DNA that is separate from the nuclear DNA. mtDNA shows maternal inheritance. The nuclear DNA which is equally inherited from both the mother and the father, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited only from the mother. This makes mitochondrial DNA particularly interesting and useful for human evolutionary studies. Normally, mtDNA is identical to that of the mother. But like all DNA molecules, mtDNA molecules also undergo mutations that change the sequence slightly. Thus, mtDNA of a daughter cell would be different from the mtDNA of its mother and this difference is proportional to the amount of time that has passed and therefore proves to be very useful for studying human evolution. Similar is the case with Y chromosome that is inherited from the father and, therefore, follows a similar evolutionary pattern like mtDNA.

So, the correct answer is option C.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 12

Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic evolution ?

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 12

According to Darwinism there is differential reproduction, followed by struggle for existence, suitable variations are selected by nature-natural selection.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 13

Industrial melanism is an example of

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 13

The replacement of grey coloured moth by dark coloured melanic species due to industrial smoke is called industrial melanism. Initially on the lichen covered tree trunks, the mutant moths was more conspicuous due to its black colouration and was therefore more susceptible to predation by birds. The large scale burning of coal during industrial revolution resulted in the deposition of sooty particulate matter on tree trunks. Hence the grey coloured moths became more conspicuous to predatory birds. Thus the population of black moths  increased considerably. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 14

In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in gene frequency in a non-directional manner?                                                                                    [2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 14

Migration refers to the movement of individuals into and out of population. Mutation refers to random and sudden heritable variations or changes arising in the genetic constitution.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 15

Convergent evolution is illustrated by

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 15

Independent formation of functionally similar structures by unrelated organism is called convergent evolution.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 16

Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures ?

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 16

Those organs which have a common origin and are built on the same anatomical pattern, but perform different functions and are modified accordingly. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 17

Darwin in his 'Natural Selection Theory' did not believe in any role of which one of the following in organic evolution ?

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 17

In any population , there is always competition for space and food resources. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 18

Random genetic drift in a population probably results from

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 18

Genetic drifts occurs only in small isolated population.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 19

Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 19

Amphibians have moved onto terrestrial habitat  but they still need to go back to water for reproduction. The presence of gills in tadpole indicate that amphibians have evolved from fishes. Fishes are completely aquatic so the other three options are incorrect.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 20

What kind of evidence suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 20

DNA from sex chromosomes, autosomes and mitochondria reflect the entire genomic limit. Chromosome morphology is only partial.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 21

Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radio-carbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks. More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms, includes

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 21

ESR, Electron Spin Resonance measures number of charges occupying deep traps in crystal band gap.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) or Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is a spectroscopic technique which detects species that have unpaired electrons, generally meaning that the molecule in question is a free radical if it is an organic molecule, or that it has transition metal ions if it is an inorganic complex. Because most stable molecules have a closed-shell configuration without a suitable unpaired spin, the technique is less widely used than nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The EPR was first discovered in Kazan State University by Soviet physicist Yevgeniy Zavoyskiy in 1944

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 22

According  to Oparin, which one of the following was not present in the primitive atmosphere of the earth

[2004]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 22

According to Oparin, the atmosphere of calmative earth was reducing because its atoms were most numerous  and most reactive. Free oxygen was not present in significant amount.
Large quantities  of H2, N2, water vapour, CO2, CH4 and NH3 were present.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 23

Which of the following is the relatively most accurate method for dating of fossils?

[2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 23

Electron Spin Resonance method is the most accurate method for dating of fossils.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 24

Animals have the innate ability to escape from predation. Examples for the same are given below. Select the incorrect example.

[2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 24

Animals resist predation by cryptic coloration deceptive marking, behavioural defenses and possession of mechanical or chemical defenses. Examples are colour change in Chameleon Enlargement of body size by swallowing air in potter fish, Melanism in moths. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 25

There are two opposing views about origin of modern man. According to one view Homo erectus in Asia were the ancestors of modern man. A study of variation of DNA however suggested African origin of modern man. What kind of observation on DNA, variation could suggest this? [2005]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Evolution - 2 - Question 25

Human evolution is a subject of ongoing debate among scientists, who employ various methods such as studying DNA and RNA fragments, fossils, and mitochondrial DNA to establish relationships among different organisms. Approximately 2 million years ago, humans embarked on their first migration out of Africa into Asia, followed by entry into Europe between 1.5 million and 1 million years ago. Over the course of many years, modern humans spread across various parts of the world, with the migration to Australia believed to have occurred around 60,000 years ago. The advent of agriculture and the rise of the first civilizations are thought to have taken place around 12,000 years ago. Recent experiments focusing on the mitochondrial DNA of different species, including humans, have provided global evidence supporting the idea that all human races share a common origin in Homo sapiens, whose ancestors originated in Africa.Thus there is greater variation in Asia than in Africa.

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