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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - NEET MCQ


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30 Questions MCQ Test Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers - 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology 31 Years NEET Chapterwise Solved Papers preparation. The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 below.
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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 1

Which of the following statements wrongly represents the nature of smooth muscle?    [2021]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 1
  • The smooth muscle fibres taper at both ends (fusiform) and do not show striations.
  • The wall of internal organs such as the blood vessels, stomach and intestine contains this type of muscle tissue.
  • Smooth muscles are ‘involuntary’ as their functioning cannot be directly controlled.
31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 2

Cuboidal epithelium with brush border of microvilli is found in:     [2020]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 2

The cuboidal epithelium is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells. This is commonly found in ducts of glands and tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys and its main functions are secretion and absorption.

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31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 3

Which of the following features is used to identify a male cockroach from a female cockroach?    [2018]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 3

Male cockroach bears a pair of short thread-like anal/caudal styles which are absent in females. They project backwardly from the sides of 9th abdominal segment in male cockroach.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 4

Frog’s heart when taken out of the body continues to beat for some time.
Select the best option from the following statements.    [2017]
(1) Frog is a poikilotherm.
(2) Frog does not have any coronary circulation.
(3) Heart is “myogenic” in nature.
(4) Fleart is autoexcitable.

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 4

Frog’s heart is myogenic, i.e., heartbeat originates from muscles of heart. Hence, it is autorythmic. Wave of contraction originates from sinus venosus and spreads to wall of sinus venosus and both auricles. This compels the heart to beat. Due to this reason, frog’s heart will continue to beat as long as it gets supply of ATP.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 5

In male cockroaches, sperms are stored in which part of the reproductive system?    [2016]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 5

Seminal vesicles are numerous small sacs present on ventral surface of anterior part of the ejaculatory duct which store sperms.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 6

Which one of the following contains the largest quantity of extracellular material?

[2003]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 6

Areolar tissue is the least specialized connective tissue. It has a large amount of ground substance (extracellular material) and possesses rich blood and nerve  supplies. It spreads extensively throughout the body, under the skin and epithelia, in between and around muscles, nerves and blood vessels and in the submucosa of 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 7

Which cartilage is present at the end of long bones?

[2002] 

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 7

Hyaline cartilage is present at the end of long articular bones. It provides a smooth articular surface to permit movement at joints. Elastic cartilage is found where support with  flexibility is needed such as in external ears.
Fibro cartilage is a very tough  substance and is used in places of the body where shock absorbers are needed.
Examples – Discs between vertebrate and in the knee joints.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 8

During an injury nasal septum gets damaged and for its recovery which cartilage is preferred?

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 8

Hyaline cartilage is firm but slightly elastic with clear matrix. It is present in larynx, trachea, bronchi, nose. Elastic cartilage occur in external ear. Calcified cartilage occurs in suprascapular. Fibrous cartilage occurs in intervertebral discs.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 9

Which cells do not form layer and remain structurally separate?

[2001]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 9

Only nerve cells do not form layers. These also remain structurally separate  from each other. Nerve cells or neurons  are the cells specialized to conduct an electrochemical current. Nerve tissue  is made up of these cells and supporting cells. Epithelial tissue is made of one or a few layers of compactly arranged cells overlying a basement membrane. Glands are epithelial cells specialized to elaborate and release chemicals for use in the body. Muscle tissue is made of elongated and contractile cells called myocytes.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 10

A piece of bone such as femur of frog if kept in dilute HCl for about a week will

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 10

When a bone is kept in dilute acids like HCl for a few days, the Ca salts get dissolved leaving only the soft and flexible organic matrix. This process is called Decalcification. If a bone is kept in KOH it remains unaffected and only the surrounding muscles and connective tissues get dissolved so that the bone now appears clean. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 11

Simple epithelium is a tissue in which the cells are

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 11

Simple epithelium is a tissue made of a single layer of compactly arranged cells all of which rest over a noncellular basement membrane.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 12

The polysaccharide present in the matrix of cartilage is known as

[2000]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 12

The chief component of ground  substance of cartilage is chondromuco protein which is formed  of chondroitin sulphate, keratan sulphate and hyaluronic acid.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 13

The active molecule that helps initiate the inflammatory response when mast cells degranulate is

[1999]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 13

Mast cells contain granules of heparin and histamine. Heparin prevents blood clotting. Histamine produces inflammation.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 14

Which of the following is NOT exclusively supplied with involuntary muscles ?

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 14

Voluntary muscles - under control of our will. Involuntary muscles - Not under control of our will. Muscles of urethra also remain under voluntary control  after infancy.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 15

The functional unit of contractile system in striated muscle is

[1998]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 15

A skeletal muscle consists of a bundle of long fibres running the length of the muscle. Each fibre is a single cell with many nuclei. Skeletal muscle is also called striated muscle because the regular arrangement of the myofilaments  creates as repeating pattern of  light and dark bands. Each repeating unit is a sarcomere,  the basic functional unit of the  muscle. The borders  of the sarcomere the Z lines, are lined up in adjacent myofibrils and contribute to striations visible with a light microscope.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 16

Basement membrane is made up of

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 16

Basement membrane is a delicate noncellular  layer made of extracellular material that lies below the epithelium in contact with its basal surface. Basement membrane is a delicate noncellular  layer made of extracellular material that lies below the epithelium in contact with its basal surface. Besides this the basal  lamina consists  of mucopoly  saccharides and very fine fibres.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 17

Protein present in the matrix of cartilage is known as

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 17

Chondrin is a gelatin-like substance and can be obtained by boiling cartilage in water. The cartilage is a connective tissue that contains cells embedded in a matrix of chondrin.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 18

Stratum germinativum is an example of which kind of epithelium?

[1997]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 18

The simple cuboidal epithelium  consists  of a single layer of polygonal cells which appear cuboidal in vertical section. Cuboidal epithelium occurs in terminal respiratory bronchioles. Columnar epithelium is made of tall cylindrical cells and it occurs in the lining of stomach. In ciliated epithelium the cells bear cilia on their free surface and it occurs in the respiratory tract.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 19

Epithelial tissue with thin flat cells appearing like packed tiles occurs on

[1994]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 19

Squamous epithelial cells have the appearance of thin, flat plates. The shape of the nucleus usually corresponds to the cell form and help to identify the type of epithelium. Squamous cells, for example, tend to have horizontal flattened, elliptical nuclei because of the thin flattened form of the cell. They form the lining of cavities such as the mouth, blood vessels, heart and lungs and make up the outer layers of the skin. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 20

Blood capillary consists of

[1993]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 20

The wall of blood vessels (arteries & veins) are made up of mainly 3 layers – the outer most tunica externa has a loss connective tissue, collagen fibres, lymph vessels and the middle tunica media has circular smooth muscle fibres, some elastic fibres and the inner most tunica interna is a single layered endothelium of polyhedral squamous cells. If the arteries reach organs they form arterioles which are thinner and mainly consist smooth muscles and when they subdivide in the tissues they make capillaries. The wall of capillaries are very thin (usually less than one micron) and have numerous minute pores and made up of only endothelium. Exchange of material takes place between blood and tissue fluid across the endothelial membrane of capillaries through active diffusion.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 21

The layer of actively dividing cells of skin is termed as

[1993]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 21

It is the innermost one celled thick made up of columnar epithelial cells. It lies on a basement. These cells are active & continuously produce new cells by mitotic division that is why called germinative layer or stratum germinativum. The division rate of these cells in highest during sleep or rest and lowest during muscular activity  & stress.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 22

Vitamin K is required for

[1993]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 22

Synthesis of prothrombin which helps in coagulation of blood. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and blood clotting factors I, VII, IX and X.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 23

Open circulatory system is not of physiological hinderance in Cockroach because [1993]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 23

The open circulatory system is a type of circulatory system in which nutrients and wastes move freely in the body cavity and not blood vessels. This type of circulatory system is found in insects, molluscs etc. In the case of cockroaches, the open circulatory system is not of a physiological hindrance as circulatory and respiratory systems are not connected. Respiration mainly takes place by special respiratory organs known as spiracles. 

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 24

Afferent nerve fibre carries impulses from 

[1992]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 24

In nervous system afferent nerve fibres carry nerve impulse from receptors or sense organs towards the central nervous  system.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 25

Component of blood responsible for producing antibodies is:                                [1992]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 25

Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cells in the vertebrate immune system. Lymphocytes are responsible for making antibodies.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 26

Characteristics of smooth muscle fibres are:                                        [1990]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 26

Characteristics of smooth muscle fibres:

  • cells range from 5 to 10 µm  in  diameter and 30 to 200 µm in  length.
  • spindle-shaped.    
  • single, centrally located nucleus.
  • smooth muscle tissue occurs within almost every organ, forming sheets, bundles or sheaths around other tissues.
  • Smooth muscle differs from both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues in structure and function.
  • Sarcomeres or myofibrils are not present - therefore not striated, ie. smooth.
31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 27

Haversian canals occur in______.                                         [1989]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 27
  • Haversian canal occurs in the humerus. Haversian canals are a series of tubes around narrow channels formed by lamellae.
  • This is the region of bone, called cortical bone. Osteons are arranged in parallel to the long axis of the bone. The Haversian canals surround blood vessels and nerve cells throughout the bone and communicate with osteocytes in lacunae through canaliculi.
  • This unique arrangement is conducive to mineral salt deposits and storage, which gives the bone tissue its strength.
31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 28

Lymph differs from blood in possessing______.                             [1989]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 28

Lymph differs from blood in a way that it contains less protein and no red blood cells. Lymph contains white blood cells.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 29

Mineral found in red pigment of vertebrate blood is______.                                       [1989]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 29

Mineral found in red pigment of vertebrate blood is Iron.

31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 30

Histamine secreting cells are found in______.                                                   [1989]

Detailed Solution for 31 Years NEET Previous Year Questions: Structural Organisation in Animals - 1 - Question 30

In connective tissues, histamine is an organic nitrogen compound involved in local immune responses and regulating physiological function in the gut and acts as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is produced by basophils and by mast cells found in nearby connective tissues.

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