AILET Mock Test-4 (New Pattern) - CLAT MCQ

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following question.

The quiet, sleepy, yet mesmerizing village of Mawsynram trounced Cherrapunji to become the wettest place in the world. Mawsynram receives over 10,000 millimetres of rain in a year. A recent study that looked at the rainfall pattern in the past 119 years found a decreasing trend at Cherrapunji and nearby areas. The team analyzed daily rain gauge measurements during 1901–to 2019 and noted that the changes in the Indian Ocean temperature have a huge effect on the rainfall in the region. They also analyzed satellite data and add that there was a reduction in the vegetation area in northeast India in the past two decades, implying that human influence also plays an important role in the changing rainfall patterns. “The traditional way of cultivation known as Jhum cultivation or shifting cultivation is now decreased and being replaced by other methods. Also, previous studies have noted there is sizable deforestation in the region. Our study also saw the decrease in vegetation cover and increase in the areas of cropland mainly from the year 2006 onwards,” says Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. He is the lead author of the paper published last month in Environmental Research Letters.

The analysis showed reductions in vegetation with 104.5 sq km lost per year. On the other hand, there were significant increases in crop-land (182.1 sq km per year) and urban and built-up lands (0.3 sq km per year) during the period 2001–2018. The team noted that the annual mean rainfall for the period 1973–2019 showed decreasing trends of about 0.42 mm per decade. It was statistically significant along with seven stations (Agartala, Cherrapunji, Guwahati, Kailashahar, Pasighat, Shillong, and Silchar).

But why study the northeast region? The team writes that since northeast India is mostly hilly and is an extension of the Indo-Gangetic Plains, the region is highly sensitive to changes in regional and global climate. “It has to be noted that the first signs of the effect of climate change will be evident for the extreme cases such as the rainfall at Cherrapunji,” adds the paper. “Northeast India has the highest vegetation cover in India and includes 18 biodiversity hotspots of the world, indicating the importance of the region in terms of its greenery and climate-change sensitivity.”

Q. Which traditional way of cultivation is now decreased?

Direction: In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.

Beat a dead horse

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following question.

A chemical element is generally found to be useful if it exhibits at least one of the following two characteristics; It should be available abundantly or at least in sufficient quantities and It should exhibit properties that are extremely desirable. Chlorine, which is one among approximately 100 natural chemical elements, satisfies both these conditions. Highly reactive, chlorine is naturally found throughout the Earth, bound with other elements. It is no wonder therefore that chlorine is considered one of the building blocks of our planet.

Even though some chlorine compounds were known (in other names and not as compounds of chlorine) through centuries, chlorine itself was first discovered, so as to say, only in 1774. German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele is credited with the discovery. He discovered it when he dropped a few drops of hydrochloric acid with the mineral pyrolusite (manganese dioxide in its natural form). The greenish-yellow dense gas that resulted was chlorine, and Scheele noted that it had a choking smell, dissolved in water to give an acidic solution, bleached litmus paper, and decolorized leaves and flowers. Even though Scheele had produced chlorine and had also noted many of its properties, he hadn’t identified it as a chemical element. The prevailing theory then identified what we now know chlorine as a compound of oxygen. Famed French chemist Antoine Lavoisier believed that all acids must contain oxygen and that oxygen was the principle of acidity. Chlorine, therefore, was identified back then as oxymuriatic acid.

It took decades before these perceptions were corrected and the changes were widely accepted. The person who set these things right was English chemist Humphry Davy. Davy began investigating this substance in the first decade of the 19th Century. He was able to show that oxygen wasn’t present in hydrochloric acid and also established the correct relation between chlorine and this acid. Proving this not only negated Lavoisier’s theory that all acids contained oxygen, but also showed that the name oxymuriatic acid cannot be applied to the substance in question.

In a paper titled On a Combination of oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygene Gas, Davy presented what he called “extraordinary and novel results". He read this paper to the Royal Society on February 21, 1811. Davy went on to call the substance in question “chloros”, from the Greek word for greenish-yellow and updated it to chlorine later on.

Q. Who has given the credit for discovering Chlorine?

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the following question.

A chemical element is generally found to be useful if it exhibits at least one of the following two characteristics; It should be available abundantly or at least in sufficient quantities and It should exhibit properties that are extremely desirable. Chlorine, which is one among approximately 100 natural chemical elements, satisfies both these conditions. Highly reactive, chlorine is naturally found throughout the Earth, bound with other elements. It is no wonder therefore that chlorine is considered one of the building blocks of our planet.

Even though some chlorine compounds were known (in other names and not as compounds of chlorine) through centuries, chlorine itself was first discovered, so as to say, only in 1774. German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele is credited with the discovery. He discovered it when he dropped a few drops of hydrochloric acid with the mineral pyrolusite (manganese dioxide in its natural form). The greenish-yellow dense gas that resulted was chlorine, and Scheele noted that it had a choking smell, dissolved in water to give an acidic solution, bleached litmus paper, and decolorized leaves and flowers. Even though Scheele had produced chlorine and had also noted many of its properties, he hadn’t identified it as a chemical element. The prevailing theory then identified what we now know chlorine as a compound of oxygen. Famed French chemist Antoine Lavoisier believed that all acids must contain oxygen and that oxygen was the principle of acidity. Chlorine, therefore, was identified back then as oxymuriatic acid.

It took decades before these perceptions were corrected and the changes were widely accepted. The person who set these things right was English chemist Humphry Davy. Davy began investigating this substance in the first decade of the 19th Century. He was able to show that oxygen wasn’t present in hydrochloric acid and also established the correct relation between chlorine and this acid. Proving this not only negated Lavoisier’s theory that all acids contained oxygen, but also showed that the name oxymuriatic acid cannot be applied to the substance in question.

In a paper titled On a Combination of oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygene Gas, Davy presented what he called “extraordinary and novel results". He read this paper to the Royal Society on February 21, 1811. Davy went on to call the substance in question “chloros”, from the Greek word for greenish-yellow and updated it to chlorine later on.

Q. According to the passage, what is the color of Chlorine?

Direction: The following sentence in this section has a blank space and four words or groups of words are given after the sentence. Select the most appropriate word or group of words for the blank space and indicate your response accordingly.

Q. Honesty is _______ on his face.

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the suitable preposition in the given sentence.

Q. She is ignorant _____the latest developments ________ the field of computers.

Direction: In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase.

Nail colours to the mast

Direction: In the given question select the word that has the similar or closest meaning to the given word.

Q. He felt desolated after he lost his business.

Direction: In the given question select the word that has the similar or closest meaning to the given word.

Q. A good workplace shall not encourage ineptitude even in a hidden manner.

Select the wrongly spelt word.

Direction: Choose the most suitable answer to fill the blank.

Q. If you had told me you needed a ride, I ______ earlier.

Direction: In the following question, parts of a sentence have been jumbled and labeled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to rearrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option

Q. in the same locality /(P) marriage within a unit /(Q) endogamy refers to /(R) or a group living /(S).

Direction: In the following question, parts of a sentence have been jumbled and labeled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to rearrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option.

Q. of great trouble /(P) this is a time /(Q) the world to the maximum /(R) as one virus threatens /(S).

Direction: In the following question, parts of a sentence have been jumbled and labeled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to rearrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option.

Q. consideration for others /(P) for self-gratification /(Q) freedom does not mean the opportunity /(R) or the setting aside of /(S).

Direction: In the following question, parts of a sentence have been jumbled and labeled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to rearrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option.

Q. are of the opinion /(P) some archaeologists /(Q) and that everybody enjoyed equal status /(R) that Harappan society had no rulers, /(S).

Direction: In the following question, parts of a sentence have been jumbled and labeled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to rearrange the jumbled parts of the sentence and mark your response accordingly by selecting the correct option.

Q. of any kind (P)/ to freedom and intelligence (Q)/ domination or compulsion (R) /is a direct hindrance (S)/.

Direction: Choose the Antonym of the word given.

SOLIDIFY

Direction: Choose the Antonym of the word given.

DEFILE

Direction: Choose the Antonym of the word given.

CONFESS

Direction: In the following question, out of the four alternatives, choose the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the Idiom/Phrase.

All in all

Direction: Select the appropriate word from the given options below to complete the sentence

Q. A person suffering from chronic neurodegenerative disease _______ short-term memory loss.

Select the wrongly spelt word.

Direction: In the following question given below a/an idiom/phrase is given in bold which is then followed by five options that try to decipher its meaning as used in the sentence. Choose the option which gives the meaning of the phrase most appropriately in the context of the given sentence.

Q. They go to the beach when they should be hitting the books and then they wonder why they get low marks.

Select the correctly spelt word.

Direction: ​Read the following passage carefully and choose the appropriate answer to the question.

In the 16^th century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king’s favour. After he was dismissed from service by the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain. A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America. Finally, they found the passage they sought near 50 degrees S latitude. Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today it is known as the Strait of Magellan. One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian now known as the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after 98 days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan’s men died of starvation and disease. Later, Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle. Only one ship and 17 sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.

Q. How did Magellan die?

Direction: ​Read the following passage carefully and choose the appropriate answer to the question.

In the 16^th century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king’s favour. After he was dismissed from service by the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain. A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America. Finally, they found the passage they sought near 50 degrees S latitude. Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today it is known as the Strait of Magellan. One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian now known as the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after 98 days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan’s men died of starvation and disease. Later, Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle. Only one ship and 17 sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.

Q. The 16^th century was an age of:

Select the wrongly spelt word.