AWES PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 2 - AWES TGT/PGT MCQ

International Safety Pin Day is observed on April 10 every year to commemorate the contributions of Walter Hunt, an American mechanical engineer, who invented the safety pin along with various other inventions.

The Rafah border crossing is the only land crossing between the Gaza Strip and Egypt. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Gaza Strip, near the city of Rafah.

Girija Subramanian, the current Chairperson and MD of Agriculture Insurance Company (AIC), has been selected as the next CMD of New India Assurance by the Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB). This selection process also included appointments for other executive positions in PSU general insurers.

Traditional products from Tripura, Matabari Pera Prasad and Rignai Pachara textiles, have recently earned Geographical Indication (GI) tags, bringing the state’s total to 4 GI protected products. Matabari Pera Prasad, a sweet from Tripureswari temple, is made from milk and sugar. Rignai Pachara textiles, traditional hand-woven attire, symbolize Tripura’s cultural heritage. These products’ GI recognition highlights their significance and authenticity, attracting global attention and marketing opportunities.

Programmed instruction method is most suitable to teach heterogeneous group of students for self placed learning. Programmed instruction is a method of presenting new subject matters to students in a graded sequence of controlled steps.

Brainstorming is a creative group work in which group members produce large number of ideas quickly on a given topic or problems for subsequent evaluation. In this method, anyone can exchange remarks with anyone except that the participants are not allowed to criticize the ideas. Sometimes, quantity of ideas is more important than quality. Spontaneity is the hallmark of brainstorming sessions. On the spot ideas are expected.

'Education-of-all-in-schools-for-all' is a tagline for Inclusive education.
Inclusive education is a platform that promotes and believes that every child should get equal opportunity irrespective of caste, creed, colour, religion and whether a child is a normal or special case. 
It mainly focuses on providing education to special children, along with children with non-special needs. It welcomes special-needs children to promote equality.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Inclusive education.

The correct answer is option A
In Tyndall effect the colloidally suspended particles trace out the path of the strong beam of light because of scattering of light by the colloidal particles.
 

The correct answer is option C
CH_3​CH₂​CONH₂​ (A)⟶ CH₃​ − CH₂ ​− NH₂​ (B)⟶ ​CH_3​ − CH₂ ​− OH
In the above sequence A & B respectively are Br₂​/KOH and HNO₂​
The first step is Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction in which an amide (propanamide) is converted to an amine  (ethylamine) containing one carbon atom less. The reagent A is bromine in presence of KOH. In the second step, aliphatic primary amine (ethyl amine) reacts with nitrous acid (reagent B) to form aliphatic primary alcohol (ethyl alcohol).
 

On substituting the values of conc. of NO, O₂ and NO₂ in given rate equation, we get a +ve (positive) value indicating that the reaction takes place in forward direction.

1 and 2 are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. So, according to the options given, 1 and 2 are enantiomers of each other.

Higher the value of K higher will be strength of ligand & more will be thermodynamic stability of complex produced.

In electrolytic cell,
Cation moves to cathode and anion moves to anode.

Electrons move anode to cathode.

The correct answer is option C
 3A ➡ 2B

Thus, the order of reaction with respect to A = 1
The order of reaction with respect to B =1
Total order of reaction = 1+1 = 2

Oxidation Numbers in Oxygen Difluoride (OF₂) and Dioxygen Difluoride (O₂F₂)

Oxidation numbers are assigned to elements in compounds according to several rules. Here, we'll use the rule that states the oxidation number of fluorine (F) in a compound is always -1, and the rule that states the sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms in a compound is 0.

Oxidation Number in OF₂:

• In Oxygen Difluoride (OF₂), there are two fluorine atoms, each with an oxidation number of -1. So, the total oxidation number contributed by fluorine is -2.
• To mak e the total oxidation number 0, the oxygen atom must have an oxidation number of +2.

Oxidation Number in O₂F₂:

• In Dioxygen Difluoride (O₂F₂), there are two fluorine atoms, each with an oxidation number of -1. So, the total oxidation number contributed by fluorine is -2.
• There are also two oxygen atoms. To make the total oxidation number 0, the combined oxidation number of the two oxygen atoms must be +2.
• Therefore, the oxidation number of each oxygen atom in O₂F₂ is +1 (because +2 divided by 2 equals +1).

So, in OF₂ and O₂F₂, the oxygen is assigned an oxidation number of +2 and +1, respectively. Therefore, the correct answer is B: +2 and +1.

In S_N1 reaction, some of the substrate, even after ionisation, remains associated as an intimate ion pair preventing nucleophilic attacks from front side and gives inverted product.

Due to partial reaction of nucleophile with intimate ion pair, net inversion of configuration is observed although predominant reaction occurs at planar carbocation giving racemic products.

The bond pair of electrons is shared by two atoms whereas the lone pair of electrons is only under the influence of central atom.

So the electron cloud of lone pair occupies more space as compared to the bond pair.

This causes greater repulsion between the lone pairs as compared to lone pair-bond pair and bond pair-bond pair interactions.

Water has a high boiling point because of the presence of extensive hydrogen bonding interactions between the water molecules in the liquid phase (water is both a strong hydrogen bond donor and acceptor). When heat is first applied to water, it must break the intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the sample.

LiAIH₄ reduces both carbonyls and carboxylic groups but does not reduce olefinic bond.

18 MH₂SO₄ means18 mol L^-1.
1000 mL of H₂S0₄ solution has H₂SO₄ = 18 mol
= 18 x98g
Also, 1000 m L = 1000 x 1.8 g H₂SO₄ solution
Thus, (1000 x 1.8)g H₂SO₄ solution has H₂SO₄ =18 x 98 g

i. Haber's Process

• This process is used for the manufacture of ammonia.

• Reaction: Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen under high temperature and pressure in presence of iron catalyst to form ammonia.

• Match: p. Manufacture of ammonia

ii. Le-blanc Process

•  

  1. Sodium chloride is reacted with sulfuric acid to form sodium sulfate and hydrogen chloride gas.

  2. Sodium sulfate is then reduced using carbon to form sodium sulfide.

  3. Sodium sulfide is reacted with calcium carbonate to finally get sodium carbonate.

• Sulfuric acid is used in this process.

• Match: q. Sulphuric acid is used

iii. Birkeland-Eyde Process

• This process is used for the manufacture of nitric acid.

• It involves passing air through an electric arc to produce nitrogen oxides, which are further processed to get nitric acid.

• Match: r. Manufacture of nitric acid

iv. Solvay Process

• Another process used to manufacture sodium carbonate, but instead of sulfuric acid, it uses ammonia and carbon dioxide.

• It's a more modern and efficient process compared to the Le-blanc process.

• Match: s. Manufacture of sodium carbonate

Final Answer: i-p, ii-q, iii-r, iv-s

double bond single bond character character

The correct answer is Option A.

Here ΔTf = 0−(−2.8^oC)=2.8
∵ΔTf = Kf [W / (M1×W2)]
∵ 2.8 = 1.86 × W / (62×1)
⇒W = 93.33 ≈ 93 g
 

• Neurotransmitters are often referred to as the body's chemical messengers.
• They are the molecules used by the nervous system to transmit messages between neurons, or from neurons to muscles.
• Communication between two neurons happens in the synaptic cleft (the small gap between the synapses of neurons).
• Serotonin, glutamine and histamine are some examples. 

Given a set of quantum numbers, n=2,l=0 for a multi-electron atom refers to 2s orbital. 

The next higher allowed set of 'n' and 'l' quantum numbers for this atom in the ground state is n=2,l=1. This corresponds to 2p orbital.

Note: The orbital with a higher value of the sum (n+l) has higher energy.

For 2s orbital (n+l)=(2+0)=2

For 2p orbital (n+l)=(2+1)=3

The correct answer is option D
Acyl chloride
Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the -COOH group, and in an ester the hydrogen in this group is replaced by a hydrocarbon group of some kind. We shall just be
looking at cases where it is replaced by an alkyl group, but it could equally well be an aryl group (one based on a benzene ring).
A common ester - ethyl ethanoate
The most commonly discussed ester is ethyl ethanoate. In this case, the hydrogen in the -COOH group has been replaced by an ethyl group

Electron-charge density in a bonding molecular orbital is high in the internuclear region as shown in II.
In an anti-bonding molecular orbital, it is high in parts of the molecule away from the internuclear region.

In 1913, Henry Moseley showed that the atomic number of an element is a more fundamental property than its atomic mass.