Bihar B.Ed CET Mock Test - 7 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

As we know that ,
Mansion is a very big house, while hovel is a small, dingy house, castle is a large fortified residence.
Hence , hovel is an opposite word of Mansion . 

We can say that ,
The above given sentence is given in Passive Voice :-
Use structure “subject + auxiliary + past participle + by + object”
I have been promised a bicycle by my father.
Therefore , option C will be correct answer .

Diversion: The act of turning aside or redirecting from a course or path, often to something more enjoyable or entertaining.
Deviation: The act of departing or straying from a standard or expected course; a divergence or deviation from the norm.

Devious: behaving in a dishonesty way
Nefarious: criminal
Surreptitious: stealthily done : secretly done
Villainous: very evil and unpleasant

Tenacious means determined and comes from tenacity. The word is not related to tenuous. Vacillating (Indecisive) is an antonym.

As we know that ,
Smother means to suffocate or stifle, i.e, to prevent the growth of something, nurture is to help the growth, repress also means to prevent the growth and thus is a synonym to smother.
From above it is clear that Nurture is opposite word of Smother . 

यहाँ खाना काम एक ही है। सेब और केला एक साथ है। 

इनमें से 'कागज' शब्द का बहुवचन होगा - 'कागज़ात'

• कागज एक फारसी से आया हुआ शब्द है।
• यह एक संज्ञा और पुल्लिंग शब्द है।
• कागज - लिखने के काम आनेवाला एक पदार्थ जिसे सन, बाँस एवं लुगदी आदि को गलाकर बनाया जाता है।

Key Pointsएकवचन:-

• संज्ञा के जिस रूप से किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, प्राणी, पदार्थ आदि के एक होने का बोध हो या पता चलता है उसे एकवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे - लड़का, गाय, सिपाही घोड़ा, बच्चा, कपड़ा, माला, पुस्तक, स्त्री, टोपी, मोर आदि।

बहुवचन:-

• संज्ञा के जिस रुप से किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, प्राणी, पदार्थ आदि के एक से अधिक होने का बोध होता है या पता चलता है उसे बहुवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे - लड़के, बच्चे, कपड़े पुस्तकें, स्त्रियां टोपियाँ, गाड़ियां, ठेले, नदियां आदि।

कर्मधारय समास :-जिस समास का उत्तरपद प्रधान हो और पूर्वपद व उत्तरपद में विशेषण-विशेष्य अथवा उपमान-उपमेय का संबंध हो वह कर्मधारय समास कहलाता है।

जैसे - परमेश्वर- परम है जो ईश्वर, कर्मधारय समास है।

Q, R, S, T, U, and V are seated in a straight line facing North.

i) S is second to the right of T.

ii) T is second to the right of Q.

iii) R is to the immediate left of Q

iv) R is to the immediate left of Q and is second to the left of V.

Thus we can see there are two persons seating between S and V.

Hence, the correct answer is "Two".

The pattern followed is:
Given series:

1. There is a rotation of 90º clockwise in next each step.
2. One similar figure is added next to each step.
The figure which will come next is,

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

As Students read in College similarly Patients are treated in Hospital.

From Statement 1:

C = X ≤ D ≥ R

From the statement, the conclusion H < D is not followed because H is absent.

From Statement 2:

R > Z = O > H

From the statement, the conclusion H < D is not followed because D is absent.

From Statement1 and Statement2:

We have, C = X ≤ D ≥ R > Z = O > H

From the statement, H < O = Z < R ≤ D, the conclusion H < D is followed.

Hence option D is correct.

Thus, the code for REMAIN is 8@7$%6.
Hence, option D is correct.

The amount of energy put out by the Sun is a constant. The incoming solar radiation is known as insolation. The amount of solar energy reaching the Earth is 70 percent. The surface of the Earth absorbs 51 percent of the insolation.

• The axis of the Earth is an imaginary line.
• It runs from the North Pole to the South Pole.
• This line is crucial for understanding Earth's rotation.
• Earth rotates around this axis, which is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees.
• This tilt is responsible for the changing seasons as the Earth orbits the Sun.
• The concept of an imaginary axis helps explain phenomena like day and night and the variation in sunlight received at different latitudes.

Union Ministry of Education inaugurated the logo, slogan – “Jan Jan Sakshar,” and the mobile application for ULLAS: Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram.
The ULLAS initiative aims to transform education and literacy nationwide by creating a learning ecosystem that provides basic education, digital and financial literacy, and critical life skills to individuals aged 15 and above who missed the chance to attend school.

India's Wholesale Price Index (WPI) recorded a three-month low of minus 0.52% in October, marking the seventh consecutive month of deflation and indicating a downward trend in WPI-based inflation.

Buddhist accounts

• According to Buddhist accounts, Ashoka had a large number of brothers.


• It is believed that Ashoka was responsible for murdering his brothers to secure his claim to the throne.


• These accounts provide insights into the violent and ruthless nature of Ashoka before his conversion to Buddhism.

The inscription

• Some inscriptions found from the time of Ashoka also mention his brothers and the violence that occurred within the royal family.


• These inscriptions corroborate the accounts found in Buddhist texts.


• They provide historical evidence of the events surrounding Ashoka and his rise to power.

The Ceylonese chronicles

• The Ceylonese chronicles, such as the Mahavamsa, also mention the violent acts committed by Ashoka, including the murder of his brothers.


• These chronicles provide another source of information regarding Ashoka's early life and the struggles for power within the Mauryan dynasty.


• They offer a different perspective on the events compared to Buddhist accounts and inscriptions.

Foreign accounts

• There are also foreign accounts, such as Greek and Roman writings, that mention Ashoka and his reign.


• While these accounts may not specifically focus on the murder of his brothers, they provide additional historical context to the time period.


• Foreign accounts offer a broader view of Ashoka's rule and how it was perceived by other civilizations.

By examining these different sources, it becomes clear that the information about Ashoka having a large number of brothers and being guilty of murdering them is primarily found in Buddhist accounts, inscriptions, Ceylonese chronicles, and to some extent in foreign accounts. Each of these sources contributes to our understanding of Ashoka's early life and the violent events that shaped his reign.

Petroleum refining is not a service. Hence it is not included in the service sector of the economy. The service sector is also known as the tertiary sector of the economy. Petroleum refining is included in the secondary sector of the economy.

The right to constitutional remedies is often referred to as the heart and soul of the Indian Constitution. Here is a detailed explanation of why it holds such significance:
1. Importance:
- The right to constitutional remedies is enshrined in Article 32 of the Indian Constitution, which allows individuals to directly approach the Supreme Court for the enforcement of their fundamental rights.
- It ensures that every citizen has access to justice and can seek legal remedies in case of violation of their rights.
- This right acts as a safeguard against any form of arbitrary action by the state or its authorities.
2. Role in protecting other fundamental rights:
- The right to constitutional remedies is instrumental in protecting and upholding other fundamental rights.
- It enables individuals to seek redressal if their rights to equality, freedom, and religion, among others, are violated.
- This right ensures that the other fundamental rights are not mere paper provisions but hold practical value and can be enforced.
3. Judicial review:
- The right to constitutional remedies empowers the judiciary to review the actions and laws passed by the government.
- It allows the courts to strike down any legislation or executive action that is found to be unconstitutional or in violation of fundamental rights.
- This ensures a system of checks and balances and prevents the abuse of power by the legislature and executive.
4. Protection of minority rights:
- The right to constitutional remedies plays a crucial role in protecting the rights of minorities, including religious and linguistic minorities.
- It allows individuals belonging to minority communities to seek legal remedies if their rights are infringed upon or if they face discrimination.
5. Enforcement of socio-economic rights:
- The right to constitutional remedies also extends to socio-economic rights, such as the right to education, right to livelihood, and right to a clean environment.
- It enables individuals to approach the courts if these rights are violated or neglected by the government or any other entity.
In conclusion, the right to constitutional remedies is rightfully considered the heart and soul of the Indian Constitution as it ensures the effective enforcement of all other fundamental rights and acts as a safeguard against the abuse of power.

The history of the Bhakti Movement can be traced back to the times of the great reformer Shankracharya, who provided a solid philosophical background to Hinduism.

Union Home Minister Amit Shah unveiled a book titled ‘Memories Never Die,’ tribute to former President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam.
The Minister  unveiled the book during his two-day visit to the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. The book was co-authored by Dr. APJM Nasima Maraikayar and scientist Dr. Y. S. Rajan.

The correct answer is Vidisha.

In News

• Vidisha, an aspirational district of Madhya Pradesh became the first-ever district in India for on-ground deployment of innovative 5G use cases offered by startups.

Key Points

• It is a joint initiative by Vidisha District Administration and the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), Department of Telecommunications (DoT) under the guidance of Additional Secretary (Telecom) and Administrator USOF.

Additional Information

• Madhya Pradesh:
  • Chief Minister - Mohan Yadav.
  • Governor - Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel.
  • State Animal - Barasingha.
  • State Bird - Indian paradise flycatcher.
  • National Parks - Bandhavgarh National Park, Fossil National Park, Kanha National Park, Madhav National Park, Panna National Park, Pench (Priyadarshini) National Park, Sanjay National Park, Satpura National Park.
  • Dams - Bansagar Dam (Sone river), Bheemgarh dam (Wainganga river), Gandhi Sagar Dam (Chambal River), Indira Sagar Dam (Narmada River) and Omkareshwar Dam (Narmada River).
  • Registered GI - Chanderi Fabric, Leather Toys of Indore, Bell Metal Ware of Datia and Tikamgarh, Ratlami Sev.

Objectives of Early Childhood Education: The aim of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) is to facilitate the optimum development of the child’s full potential and lay the foundation for all-round development and lifelong learning.

Key Points

This aim is to be achieved through enabling the child to:

• Develop a positive self-concept.
• Establish a sound foundation for a good physique, adequate muscular coordination and basic motor skills.
• Imbibe good health habits and basic life skills/ self-help skills necessary for personal social adjustment.
• Enhance verbal and non-verbal communication skills which would facilitate the expression of thoughts and feelings in fluent, correct, clear speech.
• Develop the five senses and cognitive skills and concepts which are the foundation for higher-order thinking and reasoning.
• Develop emotional maturity by guiding the child to express, understand, accept and control feelings and emotions.
• Imbibe values, social attitudes and manners important in his/her socio-cultural context and to become sensitive to the rights and privileges of others.
• Develop independence, aesthetic appreciation and creativity by providing a child with sufficient opportunities for self-expression and active exploration, investigation and experimentation.
• Make a smooth transition from preschool to primary through the development of emergent literacy and school readiness. 

Hence, we conclude that the developmental objectives in the curriculum framework for early childhood development is towards all the above points.

National Curriculum Framework, 2005, published by NCERT, is quite significant for bringing contemporary changes in school and teacher education curricula. Keeping in view the changing perspectives and contexts of school education across the globe, necessary curricular changes have been recommended in NCF, 2005.

Key Points

• The major features of NCF, 2005 have been articulated in five different areas of the School Curriculum, they are
  • Perspectives of Education
  • Learning and Knowledge
  • Curricular Areas, School Stages, and Assessment
  • School and Classroom Environment
  • Systemic Reforms
• Perspectives of Education-
  • To integrate examination into classroom learning and also to make it more informal, alternative, and flexible.
• Learning and Knowledge-
  • To focus on the holistic development of the students to enhance their physical and mental development.
  • To create an inclusive environment in the schools and classrooms for all students.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the perspective of knowledge and classroom environment is one of the major features of NCF, 2005.

Diversity in literary terms means differences. The term diversity, when used in discourse related to people or communities or in social contexts is more specific, indicates that a group of people is made up of individuals who are different from each other in some way or the other or it means collective differences among people, that is, those differences which mark off one group of people from another.

• For example, differences in culture, language, gender, appearance (e.g. skin color, hair type) lifestyle, social and economic status, family structure, abilities, (e.g. physical, social, creative, and intellectual), values, and beliefs.

Key Points 

• Social inclusion refers to a process by which efforts are made to ensure equal opportunities for all, regardless of their background, be it money, class, ethnicity, gender, race, or whatever the index of diversity be, to enable full and active participation in all aspects of life, including civic, social, economic, and political activities, as well as participation in decision-making processes.
• Social inclusion can be approached as a goal, an objective, and a process. Its process affects almost all societal activities, and should therefore be approached from various dimensions.
• If a society is inclusive it means that it understands, accepts, and respects diversity, it not only recognizes diversity but also embodies it so that each member of the diverse society can achieve their full potential in life.

Thus, it is concluded that Social inclusion is a process by which efforts are made to ensure equal opportunities for all, regardless of their background.

Hint

• ​Social exclusion or social marginalization is a term used across disciplines including education, sociology, psychology, politics, and economics. Because of social exclusion, the affected individuals or communities are prevented from participating fully in the economic, social, and political life of the society in which they live.

B. F. Skinner, an American psychologist, propounded the "Theory of Operant Conditioning" which is also known as "Theory of Reinforcement" and "Instrumental Conditioning  Theory".

• This theory refers to the learning process where learning takes place through rewarding a certain behaviour or withholding reward for undesirable behaviour.
• Skinner emphasizes that a person or animal tends to ‘repeat’ behaviour which has been ‘rewarded’ (positively reinforced), or tends to ‘stop’ which has been ‘punished’ (negatively reinforced).

Key Points

Reinforcement:

• Much of human learning could be explained with the help of the operant conditioning method. The role of reinforcement is very crucial in operant conditioning. It can be positive or negative. 
• For example, parents and other authorities attempt to discourage aggressive behaviours by punishing them and reward for good behaviours.

Let us understand these two types of reinforcement.

• Positive Reinforcement: 
  • ​A behaviour that is associated with a positive consequence or desirable outcome in the past will increase the chances of the behaviour to occur again. This is called positive reinforcement.
  • For example, Irfan, a new manager in a company, began praising workers for submitting their reports on time. In a couple of weeks, this reinforcement by praise greatly increased on-time reports.
• Negative reinforcement: 
  • Learning can also take place if an undesirable consequence is avoided because of an action taken. This is called negative reinforcement. It can be used for children with Special Needs.
  • For example, if a student does not prepare for exams and gets fail marks (painful) and understands that by preparing for the next exam he can avoid getting fail marks, then we can say he is negatively reinforced to study.

Hence, it could be concluded that ​​“Concept of reinforcement” is an important element of Operant conditioning theory of learning.

Diversity in literary terms means differences. The term diversity, when used in discourse related to people or communities or in social contexts is more specific, indicates that a group of people is made up of individuals who are different from each other in some way or the other or it means collective differences among people, that is, those differences which mark off one group of people from another.

Key Points

• A diverse education system refers to an education system that accommodates all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic, or other conditions.
• It means to teach or treat all the children equally. There would be no discrimination in a diverse education system.
• This system is the same as Inclusive education i.e. including children with disabilities in regular classrooms that have been designed for children without disabilities and to create safe learning environments that are equitable for all.
• NCF (2005)  gives significance to child-centered pedagogy that can meet the range of challenges confronting the inclusive school system.

Thus, it is concluded that Diverse education system refers to welcoming all children without discrimination in the regular school.

Counselling is a problem-solving process. The personnel involved/counsellor help students to understand themselves, their potentialities, and the problems they are facing and make decisions to take alternative actions to solve their problems.

Key Points Eclectic counselling approach:

• This approach to counselling is based on the fact that all individuals differ from one another and so do their problems.
• This approach is consistent with modern-day life wherein we do not believe in just one set of values but try to harmoniously blend the best values from different cultures and these are reflected in the way we eat, dress up, and mingle with others.
• The eclectic counselling approach incorporates and combines doctrines, findings, and techniques selected from diverse theoretical systems.
• It refers to the selection and orderly combination of best features from diverse sources in to a harmonious whole.

Hence, it is clear that any counselling theory or practice that incorporates and combines doctrines, findings, and techniques selected from diverse theoretical systems is termed as eclectic counselling.

Additional Information

• Non-directive counselling, also known as client/person-centred counselling is a type of counselling in which primacy is given to counsellee's needs, problems, and behaviour.
• Directive Counselling refers to a type of counselling in which counsellor plays an important role and prescribes a course of action to deal with counsellee's problems.
• Vocational counselling aims at helping the person select a proper vocation and prepare for it. Deciding on a career/vocation is crucial as it involves lots of time, effort, and money.