Bihar STET Paper 1 Science Mock Test - 3 - Bihar PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Ciliated columnar epithelium moves mucus and other substances via cilia and is found in the upper respiratory tract, the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the central part of the spinal cord.

Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes from the body.

The third trophic level in a food chain is always occupied by carnivores.

A student sitting on the last bench of class can read the letters written on the blackboard. It means his farsight is normal. However, he cannot read the letters written in his textbook distinctly. It means he is suffering from long-sightedness (hypermetropia) and the near point of his eye has receded away

Explanation:
Using fertilisers in farming is an example of high cost production. Here's a detailed explanation:
Why is using fertilisers in farming a high cost production?
- Fertilisers are chemical substances that are added to soil or crops to provide essential nutrients for plant growth. They can be expensive to purchase and apply to crops.
- Fertilisers are often manufactured using complex processes, which require resources such as energy, water, and raw materials. These production costs contribute to the overall expense of using fertilisers in farming.
- The cost of fertilisers can vary depending on factors such as the type of fertiliser, its composition, and the quantity needed for a particular crop or field.
- Additionally, the application of fertilisers may require specialized equipment or labor, which adds to the overall cost of production.
Other considerations:
- While using fertilisers can increase crop yields and improve plant health, their excessive or improper use can have negative environmental impacts. This includes nutrient runoff into water bodies, soil degradation, and pollution.
- Farmers need to carefully consider the cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability of using fertilisers, balancing the potential benefits with the associated expenses.
In conclusion, using fertilisers in farming is an example of high cost production due to the expenses involved in purchasing, manufacturing, and applying fertilisers to crops.

As metal carbonates react with acid, a neutralisation reaction happens. Salt, water, and carbon dioxide are produced. This can be expressed in the following general equation:

metal carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxide

Source of Air Pollution:
There are several sources of air pollution, including natural and human activities. The following are the sources of air pollution:
A. Ash from volcanoes:
- Volcanic eruptions release large amounts of ash and gases into the atmosphere.
- The ash, along with sulfur dioxide and other pollutants, can contribute to air pollution.
B. Burning of fossil fuels:
- The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, is a major source of air pollution.
- Power plants, vehicles, and industrial processes that rely on fossil fuels emit pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter.
C. Pollen grains floating in the air:
- While pollen grains are natural substances released by plants for reproduction, they can also contribute to air pollution.
- For individuals with allergies, pollen can trigger respiratory problems and cause discomfort.
D. All of these:
- All of the above-mentioned sources contribute to air pollution to varying degrees.
- Volcanic ash, burning of fossil fuels, and pollen grains all release pollutants into the air, leading to a decline in air quality.
In conclusion, air pollution can arise from various sources, including ash from volcanoes, burning of fossil fuels, and pollen grains floating in the air. These sources release pollutants that can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment. It is important to address and mitigate these sources to improve air quality and protect our well-being.

GM crops are made through a process known as genetic engineering. Genes of commercial interest are transferred from one organism to another. Two primary methods currently exist for introducing transgenes into plant genomes. The first involves a device called a 'gene gun'.

Ethanol is used as the important ingredient in manufacturing of wine, beer and other brewerie products.

Plants detect light for directional growth movements by sensing changes in light intensity.

Geothermal energy is feasible in regions that:
- Are over hot spots in the crust: Geothermal energy is harnessed from the heat generated by the Earth's core. Hot spots in the crust, such as areas near volcanoes or areas with significant tectonic activity, have higher geothermal energy potential.
- Have thermal: Geothermal energy is derived from the heat stored within the Earth. Regions that have thermal energy reservoirs, such as areas with high temperatures underground, are suitable for geothermal energy production.
- Are near the sea: Coastal areas have the potential to utilize geothermal energy through the process of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC). This technology harnesses the temperature difference between warm surface waters and cold deep waters to generate electricity.
- Do not have coal mines: The presence of coal mines is not a requirement for geothermal energy feasibility. Geothermal energy relies on the Earth's natural heat, whereas coal mining is related to the extraction of fossil fuel for energy production.
Overall, geothermal energy is most feasible in regions that have hot spots in the crust, thermal energy reservoirs, and proximity to the sea. These factors contribute to a higher potential for geothermal energy generation and utilization.

Binary fission is a kind of asexual reproduction. In binary fission, the fully grown parent cell splits into two halves, producing two pools.

The correct option is B.
It is fairly easy to arrange the atoms according to atomic size. We know that atomic size increases from right to left and from top to bottom in the Periodic Table. The smallest atoms are at the top right and the largest atoms are at the lower left of the Periodic Table.Decreasing order of atomic size:
Li > Be > B > C > N > O > F
 

• option ( a)( The no. of atoms in a given compound is fixed ) , is a postulate of dalton atomic theory. 
• Option ( c)  ( Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed) is also, a postulate of dalton atomic theory. 
• Option ( d) ( Atoms cannot be divided) , is also a postulate of dalton atomic theory. 

But option ( b) is not a postulate of dalton atomic theory.
 

Plaster of Paris is commonly used in home decoration. It can be utilized to create decorative wall accents, ceiling tiles, and other architectural details. Additionally, it is popular for making decorative figurines, ornaments, and various crafts due to its versatility and ease of use. These applications highlight the broad range of uses for Plaster of Paris beyond just sculpting and art.

The kidneys filter waste products such as urea and uric acid from the blood, which is the primary function of these organs in the excretory system.

A dilute solution of alcohol in water is an example of homogenous mixture. Alcohol and water do not forms a separate boundary if left undisturbed and both are uniformly distributed.

It is carbon dioxide that is produced as a combustion of fuels and from the chimneys of factories that surrounds the atmosphere and acts as green house gas.

Reflectors (mirror) are used to focus the sun rays along with heat radiation inside the box to achieve high temperature.

Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H₂S).

Mendel's work was not recognized since 1900. Rediscovery of Mendel's work was done by three scientists, Karl Correns of Germany, Hugo de Vries of Netherlands, and Erich Von Tschermark of Austria. 

Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels in the body. It facilitates the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into cells, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. Imbalances in insulin production or function can lead to conditions like diabetes mellitus, where blood sugar levels are not properly controlled. ---

Lysosomes present in the cytoplasm of cell contain very strong enzymes that can breakdown the all organic wastes produced in the cell. So, lysosome is called as garbage disposal system of the cell.

Disciplinary issues come up when a teacher fails to engage students in a meaningful and constructive programme. The nature of students is volatile. They are easily distracted by things. Only a constructive programme could help them gain attention towards the meaningful tasks conducted in the classroom, so that their mind remains occupied to the most productive tasks.

The correct answer is National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC).
Important PointsThe National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 proposed the creation of a Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) as a single overarching umbrella body for higher education.

• This new regulatory body would replace the existing separate regulatory institutions in the higher education sector to improve coordination and maintain standards.
• The HECI is set to have four independent verticals, namely:

1. National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC)
2. General Education Council (GEC)
3. Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC)
4. National Accreditation Council (NAC)

Each of these verticals has specific roles and responsibilities, from regulation, to setting standards, to funding, to accreditation.

• According to NEP 2020, the first vertical of the HECI will be the National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC).
• This council will be the primary regulator for higher education in India, including teacher education, excluding medical and legal education.
• This implies that all other bodies, like UGC and AICTE, would cease to be regulatory bodies and would only be responsible for standards setting and providing grants.

Therefore, the correct answer would be the "National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC)".

Useful strategies for teaching students with mental retardation include the following:

• Teach one concept or activity component at a time
• Teach one step at a time to help support memorisation and sequencing
• Teach students in small groups, or one-on-one if possible
• Always provide multiple opportunities to practice skills in a number of different settings
• Use physical and verbal prompting to guide correct responses, and provide specific verbal praise to reinforce these responses

The Varuna naval exercise is a biennial exercise between the Indian Navy and the French Navy. The 21st edition of the exercise, Varuna-23, was held in the Arabian Sea in September 2023. Phase II of the exercise was held from September 6 to 9, 2023.

Dachigam National Park is located 22 kilometres from Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir.

Let the length of bamboo be x metres.
Length of bamboo above water

Given: Neptune, Planet, Moon

The logic followed here is: Neptune is a Planet, but Moon is not. Moon is a natural satellite.

Hence, option (4)  is the correct answer.