CG TET Paper 2 Mock Test - 4 (Science and Mathematics) - CG TET MCQ

According to Piaget's theory of learning, teachers can ask whether the syllabus subjects are suitable for the level of students or not (i.e. keeping in mind the needs of each and every student).

Article 30(1) enjoins that "all minorities whether based on religion or language shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice".

The field theory of learning in children, in which the learner perceives and responds to the whole situation, comes under Kohler's theory of understanding.
The associative theory of learning in children is described on the basis of stimulus response. In this, a relationship is established between the stimulus response. It is also called stimulus response or S-R principle.

Greater learning would occur in educational settings if students used self-testing as a study strategy and were quizzed more frequently in class. But testing can have an opposite effect if it is done by a teacher as the students would do 'memorising for the test' rather than learning.

In pre-childhood, the tendency of children to explore new and move around greatly increases.
Pre-childhood covers the period from 2 to 6 years. It is also known as the preschool stage. The characteristics of pre-childhood are:

• Some parents feel that behavioral problems of the childhood period are more troublesome than physical care of infants.
• Some behavioral problems occur during this period such as obstinacy, stubbornness, disobedience, and antagonistic.
• It is a toy age because most of the time children are engaged with their toys. These toys are also helpful to educate the children. Toys are an important element of their play activities.
• The tendency of children to explore new and move around greatly increases.
• This is a period when a child is considered physically and mentally independent. This is also a school-going age.
• Children become more self-sufficient, and independent, and develop self-esteem.
• This is the age of foundations of social behavior. They are a more organized social life they will be required to adjust to when they enter first grade.
• Develop physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development.

डिस्लेक्सिया: पढ़ने में विकार या समस्या होने पर यह पठन अक्षमता उत्पन्न होती है जिसे डिस्लेक्सिया कहते हैं। डिस्लेक्सिया ग्रीक भाषा के दो शब्द डस और लेक्सिस से मिलकर बना है जिसका शाब्दिक अर्थ है, कथन भाषा यह अधिगम अक्षमता के सबसे सामान्य प्रकार है। सह भाषा के लिखित रूप, मौखिक रूप एवं भाषायी दक्षता को प्रभावित करता है।

'एक पत्र छाँह भी माँग मत' इस पंक्ति का आशय है- किसी की पेशकश स्वीकार नहीं करना चाहिए।
पद्यांश के अनुसार-

• ​कवि का कहना है कि मनुष्य अपनी प्रकृति के अनुसार माँगने लगता है अथवा अपनी परिस्थितियों से घबराकर दूसरों की सहायता माँगने लगता है।
• इससे उसका आत्मविश्वास कम होने लगता है। इसलिए अपनी कठिनाइयों का सामना स्वयं ही करना चाहिए।
• यदि थोड़ा भी आश्रय मिल जाए तो उसकी अवहेलना न करके धन्य मानना चाहिए।

हम्पी साम्राज्य की शक्ति का पतन संयुक्त आक्रमण से हुआ।
सन्दर्भ पंक्ति - परन्तु इस साम्राज्य की शक्ति का पतन पड़ोसी बहमई राज्यों के संघ के 1565 में संयुक्त आक्रमण से आरंभ हुआ। इस विजयनगर को परास्त करके नष्ट कर दिया गया। 

सतत आकलन का अर्थ है बालक की अधिगम संबंधी कठिनाईयों को पहचानना, जिससे कठिनाईयों को पहचानने के बाद शिक्षक इन्हें सुधारने के लिए उचित कदम उठा सके।

वर्तनी- शब्द में प्रयुक्त ध्वनियों को जिस क्रम से उच्चरित किया जाता है, लिखने में भी उसी क्रम से विन्यस्त करने का नाम वर्तनी या वर्ण-विन्यास है। यदि वर्णों का उच्चारण शुद्ध न किया जाए, तो लिखने में भी अशुद्धियाँ हो जाती हैं।
स्व-वर्तनी- स्व-वर्तनी का अर्थ है अपनी वर्तनी होता है, अर्थात जैसा बोलना वैसा ही लिखना।

'निर्मम' शब्द में उपसर्ग है- 'निर्'
निर् + मम = निर्मम
'निर्' (बिना) उपसर्ग और 'मम' (मेरा) मूल शब्द
अर्थ: जिसमें दयाभाव न हो, निर्दयी, ममतारहित, निष्ठुर।
विलोम शब्द- 'दयालु'

उपरोक्त गद्यांश का उपयुक्त शीर्षक -चुनाव पूर्व सर्वेक्षण एवं एक्जिट पोल

• चुनाव पूर्व सर्वेक्षण और चुनाव के तुरन्त पश्चात् किए जाने वाले एक्जिट पोल का भ्रामक प्रभाव पड़ता है।
• वह विजयी होती पार्टी की ओर झुक जाती है।  

It is the correct option. The synonym of 'reluctant' is 'unwilling'. 'Reluctant' means 'unwilling and hesitant; disinclined'.

Linguistic Competence: It promotes linguistic competence which is attained by focusing on grammar, vocabulary, and syntax. The linguistic abilities of a learner are the abilities to efficiently and fluently read and write. it is more focused on fluency than accuracy. 

Outlining Method is the initial stage of writing. In this method, the teacher writes the word or sentence by placing dots on the copy, slate or black board with chalk or pen and asks the students to match those dots to fill the word or sentence.

Language competency refers to the ability to use and understand a language. Language competence is best developed in the context of learning activities or tasks where the language is used for real purposes, in other words, in practical applications. 

• The language-rich environment that is available in the first language is invariably not available in the second language.
• For some learners, the exposure of the target language is limited to the classroom and the language is absent in the speech community of the learner's home or his immediate neighborhood especially peer group.
• In such an environment, opportunities for learning the language are severely limited and occur only in the formal educational setting.
• In these situations, the teacher needs to be especially sensitive to the motivation/needs of the learners for learning the language so that he/she may adopt the materials and organize the learning environment to fulfill the learner's needs.

'Check Word Order' would come under the Grammar heading. 
The ordering of the words in a sentence is called Word order. Every language has a standard word order. The standard word order in English is- Subject + Verb + Object. In order to write the proper sequence of words, we should know what is subject, verb, and object. It is important to know the sequence of words as it impacts the meaning. For example, "Sneha plays football" and "Football plays Sneha" both sentences are conveying two different meanings since the position of the subject and object are changed. The same thing will happen if we change the position of the verb, for instance: "plays football Sneha". 

• Word order comes under Grammar because grammar deals with the structure and functions of a language. It is the study of words, their usage in a sentence, and their change of meaning in different contexts. 
• Organization of ideas comes under the composition and speech as it deals with the ordering of ideas, incidents, events, or details in a perceptible manner in a paragraph, essay, or speech. 
• Vocabulary and general meaning is a word stock of a language whereas story length deals with the length of a story (word count).

It is the correct option. Rude is the antonym of 'polite'. Polite means having or showing behaviour that is respectful and considerate of other people. Rude means offensively impolite or bad-mannered.

Verbs are the action words in a sentence that describe what the subject is doing. A verb is a doing word that shows an action, an event, or a state. In other words, a verb is a word that informs about action, the existence of something, or an occurrence. In our sentence, the soil is the subject and accumulation is the action. Thus, accumulate is a verb.

• A noun is a word that names something (such as a person, animal, place, thing, quality, or idea) and is typically used in a sentence as the subject or object of a verb or a preposition.
  Ex: Johnny Depp acted brilliantly in the movie Edward Scissorhands.
• ​An adverb is a word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective, adverb, or phrase.
  Ex: Walk carefully lest you should fall.​
• Conjunctions are the words used to connect two words or clauses or sentences.
  ​Ex: John David Washington and Robert Pattinson starred in Christopher Nolan-directed thriller Tenet. 

Remedial teaching refers to the method of teaching that helps the teacher to provide learners with the necessary help and guidance to overcome the problems which are determined through diagnosing them.

Alliteration is the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

Proficiency Test measures how well an individual has mastered a language. It is the ability of a person that transfers meaning in production and comprehension to use language with a level of accuracy.
Aim of the Language Proficiency Test:

• It determines the level of accuracy in a specific language.
• It determines a person's knowledge in the whole language, like knowledge, speaking, and writing skills.
• It evaluates how well an individual can use language to communicate in daily life.
• It must be reliable, valid, and easy to understand to test the level of learner's language skills to make them proficient in communication.
• It is an important tool to test the level of learner's language skills to make them proficient in communication.
• Language proficiency tests are considered to evaluate people’s skills in a language.
• To enhance student’s academic skills.

Examples of Proficiency Tests-

• International English Language Test System (IELTS)
• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)

So, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that the basic requirement of a language proficiency test is that it must be reliable.

Calculation:
Area of square room
= (10)² = 100 sq m = 100 × (100)² sq cm
= 100 × 100 × 100 sq cm
Now, area of tile
= (50)² = 50 × 50 sq cm
∴ Number of tiles needed
= Area of square room/Area of tile

g = GM/R²
W' = mg' ...(1)
g = GM/R'²
D' = 2D
R' = 2R
g' = GM/4R²
Putting the value of 'g' in equation (1), we get
W' = m x (GM/4R²) = mg/4 = W/4

Friction: Friction is an opposing force that comes into play when the body is actually moving (slide or roll) or even tries to move over the surface of another body.

The presence of irregularities between the two surfaces in contact causes friction. 
Cause of Friction:
Friction is a evil because it cause of loss of energy and wear and tear of surfaces.

• Soles of shoes wear out
• We feel heat when we rub our hands.
• Lighting a matchstick
• Working of an eraser
• Coming down a Kid’s slide
• Holding onto objects

Hence we can conclude that Both I and II are the caused by friction.

Option (2) represents the correct order as first we identify the problem, then define the problem, then collect data and in the last, we do experiment.

Science learners need to know not only facts/concepts but also about the processes through which this knowledge is generated. Aspects of Nature of Science:

• Scientific knowledge is long-lasting yet tentative, that is Scientific knowledge is subject to change because we make new observations and tend to reinterpret the existing observations.
• Empirical evidence is used to refine and support ideas in Science
• Social and historical factors play a role in the construction of scientific knowledge
• Laws and theories play a central role in developing scientific knowledge, yet they have different functions
• Accurate record-keeping, peer review, and replication of experiments help to validate scientific ideas
• Science is a creative endeavor
• Science and Technology are not the same, but they have an impact on each other.

Hence, it can be concluded that the statement "Scientific knowledge is subject to change" means Scientific knowledge is long-lasting yet tentative.

Option (3) is not a merit of lesson planning. This is one of the merits of assessment. The formative and summative assessments help the teachers to know about the extent of knowledge gained by the student. The teacher can thus devise methods to improve her teaching methodology.

Microteaching has been considered an effective technique for the development of teaching skills for teachers. The technique has been refined over a period of the last thirty years. Microteaching is like a simulation technique for developing teaching skills. This approach is used to shape the teacher's behavior based on an effective feedback mechanism.

Learning is a comprehensive process that refers to a change in behavior, knowledge, and skill as a result of practice and experience. It represents a progressive change in behavior.

• ​It is a life-long process. Learning is not inherited but can begin right from birth by providing constant interaction and stimulation received from the physical, social, and cultural environment and it does not stop till the end.