CTET Paper 2 Mock Test - 9 (Science & Mathematics) - CTET & State TET MCQ

The achievement motivation theory is the theory that people are motivated to succeed by seeking out achievement. These people are encouraged by succeeding at difficult or challenging tasks. They are also motivated by looking for different methods of accomplishment.

Educational television is an example of media that transports learners to remote places by means of visualised reports. Educational television is the use of television programs in the field of distance education.

'Socialisation' is a process by which children and adults learn from society that includes family, peers as well as school.

In a culturally and linguistically diverse classroom, before deciding whether a student comes under special education category, a teacher should evaluate student on his/her mother language to establish disability.

A classroom teacher would like to know the opinion of class X students on a certain issue. The appropriate method to know the opinion is an attitude. Attitude means a settled way of thinking or feeling about something.

Systematic presentation of concepts may be related to 'Development proceeds from heteronomy to autonomy'. Heteronomy means dependence on others, while autonomy means self reliance. Young children are dependent on others for their care and welfare, but adolescents are capable of taking care of themselves. This shows the movement from heteronomy to autonomy.

Culture and training  are the external factors that are affecting the interest of students in a classroom.

An inclusive school does not segregate special children from normal. On the contrary, it mixes them with other children. So, the premise of the question is itself contradictory.

Creative writing should be an activity planned for all the children. However, the activity can be planned keeping in view the cognitive level of the students, and the their learning stage.

Provide scaffolding and other kinds of support during classroom activities and for homework. scaffolding refers to a variety of instructional techniques used to move students progressively toward stronger understanding and, ultimately, greater independence in the learning process.

The National Education Policy (NEP) was approved by the Union Cabinet in July 2020 and aims to implement various improvements to the Indian educational system from the school level to the college level.

Language learning is an active process that begins at birth and continues throughout life. Students learn the language as they use it to communicate their thoughts, feelings, and experiences, establish relationships with family members and friends.

The sociocultural context refers to a person's social and cultural milieu in which he lives at a certain time period.

• Socio-cultural context includes race, class, ability, different learning conditions and styles, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation, religion, nationality and other dimensions that make up the identity of the individual student and impact his or her learning experience.
• Social institutions and systems develop through history, culture, and heritage. The caste system, the joint family system, child marriage, sati, and the patriarchal family are all examples of social institutions and systems.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc are the most common learning disability.
Learning disability:

• Learning disability is intrinsic and due to central nervous system dysfunction.
• It is a variable state which can be addressed by appropriate comprehensible input.
• It can't be attributed to cultural deprivation as it can present in children of any culture.

Inclusive Education means education for all children in school as It refers to the inclusion of all children in the education system, regardless of their differences and disabilities.

• It values the diversity, each child brings to the classroom and facilitates all with equal opportunities to learn and grow.
• Inclusive education improves the quality and making provisions of education for all.
• It includes all the categories of learners like disadvantaged students, general categories students, excluded students, Minority students, learning disabled students, etc.
• Inclusive education welcomes and celebrates diversity.
• It provides a provision to include disabled children along with normal children in a regular classroom environment.
• It refers to an education system that accommodates all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic, or other conditions.

ICT stands for Information Communication Technology which plays a major role in the field of education. ICTs offer a great potential to support lifelong learning for all groups of students, including those who have special needs. 

Giftedness refers to talent. The gifted students are essentially exceptional and generally show consistency in their performances and exhibit superiority in general intelligence. They are intrinsically motivated with high self-esteem. It is usually high ability or aptitude in one or more areas.  

​A teacher does not often have the opportunity to consider the very basic principles of his/her craft in the classroom. There are a few factors that contribute to effective and worthwhile learning and teaching environment. All teachers do good things some of the time, and all good teachers do bad things some of the time. The differences among teachers lie not only in the proportions of the good and the bad but also in their awareness of the effects of what they are doing and their readiness to share this awareness with their students.

Children’s Errors and Mistakes:

• are a window into how they think and learn. 
• are significant step in the teaching-learning process. 
• are necessary in the learning process to give insight into children's thinking.
• help the teacher to be aware of learners' learning styles, to cater to them according to their needs.
• are considered a part of the teaching-learning process as it helps to understand the child.

Hence, we conclude that the errors of learners often indicate how they learn.

Emotional Development: It is one of major aspects of human development. Emotions like love, anger, fear, etc. play a great role in the development of a child’s personality. It can be expressed in various ways, like facial expressions on the face, like gestures, like volume and tone of speech, by the behavioral display or motives of a person. There is no moment in our life when we do not experience emotions. They can result from a variety of external or internal stimulations.

Parents should play a forward-looking role in the learning process of their children and encourage them to do better. As preschoolers grow into school-age children, parents become their children's learning coaches. Through guidance and reminders, parents help their children organize their time and support their desire to learn new things in and out of school.

Development refers to an increase in structure for better and enhanced functioning of organs. It is a wide and continuous process that starts from the pre-natal stage.
In the pre-natal stage, baby develops inside the mother's womb and becomes a mature one by passing through three different stages of prenatal development.
The three stages of pre-natal development include:

• Germinal period: First 2 weeks after conception.
• Embryonic period: 8 weeks from conception.
• Fetal Period: 9 weeks until birth or 38 to 40 weeks.

Hence it could be concluded that development starts from the pre-natal stage.​

In concrete operational stage, the child responds to inferred reality. Children are much less egocentric in the concrete operational stage. It falls between the ages of 7 to 11 years old and is marked by more logical and methodical manipulation of symbols. The main goal at this stage is for a child to start working things out inside their head.

Curiosity and Creative ideas are considered a sign of being gifted. Fighting is a confrontation in which two or more people compete for dominance and respect to satisfy their own egos. Thus, it cannot be regarded as a sign of being gifted. Curiosity is a valuable agent in education when it is rightly valued and employed. Curiosity is highly important because it is a starting point of interest. Creative ideas are concerned with a holistic approach to education, focusing upon the learner becoming part of a professional community, involving the dimensions of knowledge, performance and identity formation.

The socialization of a child is determind by sociometry techniques. Sociometric techniques are methods that qualitatively measure aspects of social interactions, such as social acceptance (i.e., how well a person is liked by peers) and social status (i.e., a child's social status compared to peers). 

- Assertion is correct. Language indeed plays a vital role in transmitting culture and facilitating social interactions.

- Reason is false. Social interaction occurs in various settings beyond just the family, neighborhood, and schools, such as peer groups and mass media.

- Therefore, the Reason does not correctly explain the Assertion.

• The assertion is correct as infants indeed engage in babbling during the pre-linguistic stage.
• The reason is also correct as babbling is a fundamental step towards developing speech.
• However, while babbling is important for speech development, it might not directly explain the entirety of language acquisition as the reason for the assertion.

- The Assertion is correct as early childhood experiences indeed have a significant influence on a child's development, as highlighted in the content.

- The Reason is also valid, pointing out that factors like nutrition, emotional support, and social interactions during early years have long-lasting effects on a child's growth.

- The Reason logically explains the Assertion, making Option A the correct answer.

• Assertion is correct as teaching methods indeed influence learning outcomes.
• Reason is correct as different methods are suited to different subjects and teacher skills.
• Reason is the correct explanation of the assertion as it justifies how teaching methods impact learning outcomes.

- The assertion highlighting evaluation's importance in education is valid.
- The provided reason statement also correctly contrasts measurement and evaluation.
- However, the reason does not directly explain the assertion, leading to Option C being the correct choice.