Daily Current Affairs MCQs: 15th February 2025 - Bank Exams MCQ

The condition "foetus in foetu" is defined as a congenital disorder where a malformed foetus develops inside the body of its twin during a monozygotic (identical) twin pregnancy. In this rare scenario, one twin is significantly underdeveloped and can become enveloped within the other twin's body, often remaining undetected for years. This condition is quite rare, affecting approximately one in 500,000 births, and less than 200 cases have been documented worldwide. An interesting fact is that the parasitic twin, while it may have some characteristics of a normal foetus, typically lacks vital organs, posing significant health risks to the host twin due to shared nutrients.

The primary objective of the Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDKY) is to improve agricultural productivity and diversify the crops that farmers grow. This initiative aims to address challenges faced by the agricultural sector, particularly in underperforming districts, by enhancing infrastructure, such as storage and irrigation, and providing farmers with better access to credit. An interesting fact is that targeted agricultural programs like PMDKY can significantly impact food security and rural livelihoods, making them crucial for the overall economic development of the country.

The Prime Minister Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana (PMDKY) is primarily aimed at revitalizing agriculture specifically in underperforming districts. This initiative seeks to enhance food security and improve the economic stability of farmers, addressing the challenges faced in those areas. By focusing on these districts, the scheme aims to boost agricultural productivity and ultimately benefit the farming community, which has a significant impact on the overall economy. Interestingly, enhancing agricultural productivity in such regions can also lead to improved local employment opportunities and better living standards for farmers.

An Einstein Ring is a rare astronomical phenomenon that occurs when a massive object, such as a galaxy, bends and amplifies the light from a more distant background galaxy, leading to a circular formation of light. This effect is a direct consequence of strong gravitational lensing, which was predicted by Einstein's theory. Interestingly, Einstein Rings are extremely rare, found in less than 1% of galaxies, and require advanced telescopes like the Euclid Space Telescope or Hubble to be observed, as they are not visible to the naked eye.

Dark matter is believed to make up about 85% of the universe's total mass, influencing the gravitational forces that affect the motion of galaxies and galaxy clusters. Despite being invisible and undetectable by traditional means, its presence is inferred through its gravitational effects on visible matter, such as stars and galaxies. Interestingly, dark matter is a critical component in cosmological models, helping to explain why galaxies rotate at the speeds they do without flying apart. This mysterious substance continues to be one of the biggest puzzles in astrophysics.

The correct option is that light is indeed affected by gravity, and the Universe is constantly expanding. Einstein's General Theory of Relativity predicts that massive objects like stars and planets can bend the path of light due to their gravitational pull, a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing. Additionally, the theory suggests that the Universe is not static; rather, it is expanding, a concept supported by observations such as the redshift of distant galaxies. This understanding has profound implications for cosmology and our comprehension of the universe's evolution. An interesting fact is that the discovery of gravitational waves, a prediction of Einstein’s theory, was confirmed by LIGO in 2015, providing further evidence for the dynamic and interconnected nature of space-time.

The report evaluates the devolution of powers to Panchayats based on six specific dimensions: Framework, Functions, Finances, Functionaries, Capacity Enhancement, and Accountability. Each of these areas plays a crucial role in determining how effectively Panchayati Raj institutions can operate and serve local communities. Understanding these dimensions helps in analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of local governance and can inform future reforms and improvements in the system. Additionally, effective decentralization is often linked to better governance outcomes, as local bodies can be more responsive to the needs of their communities.

The Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) led to a significant improvement in the capacity enhancement index, rising from 44% to 54.6%. This indicates a notable advancement in the capabilities and infrastructure development of Panchayati Raj Institutions, enhancing their effectiveness in local governance. A relevant fact is that such initiatives are crucial for empowering local self-governments, which play a pivotal role in grassroots democracy and development in rural areas.

The recommendation suggests introducing a comprehensive two-year course in Local Public Service Management that would encompass public systems, financial management, and e-governance. This approach aims to equip Panchayat functionaries with essential skills and knowledge to enhance their effectiveness in governance. A well-structured curriculum can lead to improved public services and better community engagement, which is crucial for local governance. Additionally, investing in education for public service management can lead to long-term benefits for the entire community, fostering a more informed and capable group of leaders.

The formation of stress granules has been identified as a potential primary cause of Alzheimer’s disease. Stress granules are aggregates of proteins and RNA that form in response to cellular stress, and their abnormal accumulation is believed to disrupt cellular functions. This finding is significant as it opens the door to new therapeutic strategies aimed at treating or preventing the disease. Interestingly, ongoing research continues to explore the complex interactions of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors that may also contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s.