EMRS Librarian Mock Test - 1 - EMRS MCQ

• Suresh Tendulkar committee was constituted to review the concept of the poverty line in 2005. The committee recommended to shift away from the calories model.
• Lakdawala committee was constituted to consider methodological and computational aspects of estimation of proportion and number of poor in India.
• Wanchoo committee was constituted to look into industrial development for the backward areas and to recommend fiscal and financial incentives for industries in these areas.
• Dutt committee was constituted to inquire into the working of the licensing system in India.

The Government introduced in 1999-2000, a new scheme titled “National Agricultural Insurance Scheme” (NAIS) or “Rashtriya Krishi Bima Yojana” (RKBY). NAIS envisages coverage of all food crops (cereals and pulses), oilseeds, horticultural and commercial crops. It covers all farmers, both loanees and non-loanees, under the scheme.

• Camels hump is made up of Adipose tissue. Camels hump contain fatty tissues.
• Adipose tissue located mainly beneath the skin.
• It specialized to store fats.
• Excess nutrients not used immediately are converted into fats and are stored in Adipose tissue.

The assembler has the main task that it takes the assembly language as input and processes it. It gives the output in form of machine language.

Aryna Sabalenka defeated Elena Rybakina in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2023 Australian Open. It was her first major singles title.

Given statements: A > B, B > C, C = D, D < E

On combining: A > B > C = D < E

Conclusions:

I. B = D → False (as B > C = D → B > D thus clear relation between B and D)

II. B > D→ True (as B > C = D → B > D)

Therefore, only conclusion II is True.

Given statements: P > Q; Q > R; R > S; S > T.

On combining: P > Q > R > S > T

Conclusions

I. T < Q → True (as Q > R > S > T → Q > T)

II. R < P → True (as P > Q > R → P > R)

Hence, both of the conclusions are true.

Since the middle term is not distributed in both the premises, no conclusion can be framed. Secondly, if both the premises begin with "Some" no conclusion can be reached.

'L() M ÷ N' means M is mother of L, N is sister of M.

Hence, M and N are both sisters.

• Application software is a term that is used for software created for a specific purpose.
• It is generally a program or collection of programs used by end-users.
• It can be called an application or simply an app.
• MS Word is an example of word processing software.

Ctrl + V  is the shortcut key to add content on the clipboard to your document in MS-PowerPoint.

• Microsoft PowerPoint is a part of MS- Office.
• It was introduced to generate business presentations, slide shows, and graphics on a computer system.
• Uses of MS- PowerPoint:
• Creating business application presentation slides.
• Creating graphical objects with animations.
• Create artistic slides for general use, using the art gallery.
• To provide training in the business world.

• Microsoft PowerPoint is the popular presentation software commonly used for office and educational slide shows. All text images, sound, and video used in the presentation are contained in the PPT file. PPT files can be viewed by PowerPoint, PowerPoint Viewer, or the Open Office software suite.
• In PowerPoint for the web, you can open these types of files for editing:
  • .pptx
  • .ppsx
  • .odp
• You can also open these older file types, but only to read the file, not edit it. If you want to edit a file of this type, open it and then use File > Save a Copy to save the file as a .pptx that can be edited:
  • .ppt
  • .pps
• You can't open the following file formats in PowerPoint for the web, but you can open a .pptx, .ppsx, or .odp file and then use File > Download As to save a presentation in these formats:
  • .pdf
  • .jpg (When you choose this format, each slide in the presentation is saved as an individual .jpg image file.)

Ctrl + Home is a shortcut key used in MS Word to move the cursor to the beginning of the document.

Changing the text color on the slide master applies the changes to text on multiple slides at one time.

On the View tab, choose Slide Master.

• In the left thumbnail pane, select a layout that contains the text you want to change to a different color.
• Select the text on the layout that you want to change.
• On the mini toolbar that appears, choose Font Color, and then select the color you want to change the color of the text to.
• When you’re finished, choose Close Master View to return to your presentation.

Changing the text color on the slide master applies the changes to text on multiple slides at one time.

Click View > Slide Master.

• On the Slide Master tab, click the Fonts drop-down menu. Select the font you want to use for all the slides in the presentation. You don't have to choose from the pre-defined font pairs on the menu; choose Customize Fonts at the bottom of the menu to select your own fonts.

• Click Close Master View. The text throughout your presentation is automatically updated to the new font. 

• Margin is the space between your content and the edge of the page.
• Margins are set to Normal, which is a one-inch space between the content and each edge of the page.
• You may need to adjust the margins to make your data fit more comfortably on the page.
• To better align an Excel worksheet on a printed page, you can change margins, specify custom margins, or centre the worksheet—either horizontally or vertically on the page.
• Page margins are the blank spaces between your data and the edges of the printed page. Top and bottom page margins can be used for things such as headers, footers, and page numbers.

Relative References

• With relative cell referencing, when we copy a formula from one area of the worksheet to another, it records the position of the cell relative to the cell that originally contained the formula.
• This is the default mode of referencing in a spreadsheet.
• All cell references are relative references by default.
• It is convenient where a user needs to repeat the same calculation across multiple rows or columns.
• When copied across multiple cells, they change based on the relative position of rows and columns.
• For example: if user wants to copy the formula = A1+ B1 become= A2+B2.

• While running any program in Microsoft Windows, if Alt + F4  is pressed, a command is issued to the computer to close the currently active program.
• If no programs are open or you are at the desktop, pressing Alt + F4  opens the Shutdown window.
• Windows operating system has defined some of the keyboard shortcuts to perform some action in almost all the programs running on it and Alt + F4 is one such keystroke.
• The Alt + F4 is the keyboard shortcut that when pressed will close the currently active Window.
• It means, if you were playing a game, watching a movie, or working on any document and have accidentally pressed Alt & F4 keys simultaneously, that window would have got closed.
• It will not be a surprise when somebody questions the meaning of the Alt F4 key or what will happen on pressing these 2 keys simultaneously.
• In Microsoft windows, when you press the Alt + F4 keys on the desktop screen with no programs running or there is no open or active window, it will open the power or shutdown window. Hence, Option 1 is correct.

• The file system used by Windows 95 is FAT32. Windows 95 (Symbolic name 'Chicago') is a consumer-oriented operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released on August 24, 1995.
• Although the initial release doesn't t use FAT32, the later version of windows 95 used FAT32.

Peer Group Formation: Society + Controlled Environment
A peer group refers to a group of individuals who are of similar age, social status, and share common interests or activities. Peer groups play a crucial role in an individual's social development and influence their behavior, attitudes, and values. The formation of a peer group is influenced by society and occurs within a controlled environment. Let's break down the reasons why the correct answer is option C: Society + Controlled environment.
Society:

• Society plays a significant role in the formation of peer groups. It consists of various social institutions such as schools, neighborhoods, clubs, and communities, which bring individuals together.
• Individuals within a society tend to form peer groups based on shared characteristics such as age, interests, hobbies, or cultural backgrounds.
• These shared characteristics create a sense of belonging and commonality among individuals, leading to the formation of peer groups.

Controlled Environment:

• The formation of a peer group occurs within a controlled environment, primarily influenced by social institutions like schools.
• Schools provide a structured and controlled setting where individuals interact with their peers on a regular basis.
• The controlled environment of schools allows individuals to establish connections, form friendships, and engage in social activities with their peers.
• Additionally, schools often have rules and regulations that govern social interactions, ensuring a certain level of control and structure within peer groups.

Importance of Peer Groups:

• Peer groups contribute significantly to an individual's socialization process and overall development.
• They provide opportunities for socialization, where individuals learn and practice social skills, norms, and behaviors.
• Peer groups also serve as a support system, offering emotional support, advice, and guidance during various life stages and challenges.
• They influence an individual's attitudes, beliefs, and values, shaping their identity and helping them define themselves within society.
• Peer groups also play a role in the formation of interests, hobbies, and shared activities, fostering a sense of belonging and camaraderie.

A: The Achieving Society
Achievement motivation refers to the drive or desire that individuals have to excel, accomplish goals, and succeed in their endeavors. It is a psychological factor that influences individuals' behavior and choices. The given statement suggests a relationship between high achievement motivation in a society and its economic growth and modernization.

1. Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Economic Growth:
   High achievement motivation within a society can lead to increased economic growth. This is because individuals with high achievement motivation tend to be more driven, innovative, and determined. They are more likely to take risks, pursue entrepreneurial opportunities, and work hard towards achieving their goals. These actions can contribute to the overall productivity and competitiveness of the society, leading to economic growth.
2. Innovation and Entrepreneurship:
   Individuals with high achievement motivation are often more willing to take risks and think outside the box. This mindset fosters innovation and entrepreneurship within a society. Innovation is crucial for economic growth as it leads to the development of new products, services, technologies, and industries. Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, creates job opportunities, stimulates investment, and drives economic activity.
3. Productivity and Competitiveness:
   High achievement motivation can also enhance productivity and competitiveness within a society. Individuals with a strong drive to achieve are more likely to work diligently, set high standards, and strive for excellence. This can result in increased productivity levels across various sectors, leading to overall economic growth. Additionally, a society with individuals who have high achievement motivation is more likely to be competitive in the global marketplace, as they constantly seek ways to improve and excel.
4. Education and Skill Development:
   A society that values achievement motivation is likely to prioritize education and skill development. Education plays a crucial role in equipping individuals with the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to contribute effectively to the economy. By investing in education and skill development programs, a society can enhance its human capital, which in turn drives economic growth and modernization.
5. Modernization and Societal Development:
   When a society experiences economic growth driven by high achievement motivation, it tends to undergo modernization. Modernization refers to the process of adopting new ideas, technologies, and practices that improve living standards, infrastructure, and overall societal well-being. Economic growth resulting from high achievement motivation can lead to advancements in various sectors such as technology, healthcare, infrastructure, and communication. These advancements contribute to the overall modernization of the society.

Provide a variety of learning experiences
When it comes to learners, it's important to acknowledge that they display individual differences. Each student has their own strengths, weaknesses, learning styles, and preferences. As a result, it is not effective for a teacher to insist on a uniform pace of learning for all students. Instead, a teacher should aim to provide a variety of learning experiences to cater to the diverse needs of their students.
Benefits of providing a variety of learning experiences:

• Catering to different learning styles: Students have different learning styles, such as visual, auditory, or kinesthetic. By providing a variety of learning experiences, teachers can ensure that they engage students with different learning preferences. Some students may benefit from visual aids, while others may prefer hands-on activities. By incorporating different approaches, teachers can help students absorb information more effectively.
• Promoting active learning: Providing a variety of learning experiences encourages active learning. It allows students to participate actively in the learning process rather than being passive recipients of information. For example, incorporating group discussions, debates, or hands-on experiments can foster critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and collaboration among students.
• Addressing different strengths and weaknesses: Students have varied strengths and weaknesses in different subjects or areas. By offering a range of learning experiences, teachers can focus on addressing individual weaknesses and building upon students' strengths. For instance, providing extra practice exercises, individualized assignments, or project-based learning activities can help students overcome their weaknesses and excel in areas where they have inherent strengths.
• Enhancing motivation and engagement: A variety of learning experiences can create a more engaging and motivating learning environment. When students are exposed to different activities, they are more likely to stay interested and motivated in their studies. This can result in increased participation, improved attention, and better overall academic performance.
• Encouraging personal growth: By providing diverse learning experiences, teachers can help students develop a broader range of skills and abilities. Students can explore new subjects, discover their interests, and develop a growth mindset. This can contribute to their personal growth, self-confidence, and lifelong learning.
   

Encouraging Achievement Motivation in the Classroom
To promote achievement motivation in the classroom, it is important to teach students to attribute their good grades to their own hard work rather than external factors. By emphasizing the role of effort and personal dedication, students are more likely to develop a growth mindset and strive for continuous improvement.
Attributing Good Grades to Hard Work
The Role of Effort: Students should be taught that their good grades are a result of their own hard work and perseverance. This instills a sense of responsibility and motivation to put in the necessary effort to succeed academically.

• Emphasize the importance of consistent effort and time management in achieving academic goals.
• Teach students effective study techniques and strategies to enhance their learning outcomes.
• Encourage them to set specific, achievable goals and monitor their progress regularly.

Building a Growth Mindset: By attributing their good grades to hard work, students develop a growth mindset. This mindset fosters the belief that intelligence and abilities are not fixed traits, but can be developed and improved through effort and learning.

• Teach students about the concept of a growth mindset and its benefits.
• Highlight examples of individuals who have achieved success through hard work and resilience.
• Encourage students to embrace challenges, learn from mistakes, and persist in the face of setbacks.

Celebrating Effort and Progress: It is essential to recognize and celebrate students' efforts and progress, rather than solely focusing on the end result. This helps foster a positive learning environment and encourages students to continue striving for improvement.

• Provide regular feedback that acknowledges their hard work and improvement.
• Create opportunities for students to share their learning journeys and reflect on their progress.
• Use non-competitive activities that emphasize personal growth and development.

Content Coverage
Content coverage refers to the extent to which the question paper encompasses the relevant subject matter or topics that were taught during the course. It ensures that the questions adequately assess the students' understanding and knowledge of the specific testing objectives.
Importance of Content Coverage
Content coverage is crucial because it ensures that the question paper tests the specific testing objectives effectively. By including a wide range of questions that cover different aspects of the subject matter, teachers can gauge the students' overall comprehension and application of the concepts taught in class. It helps in evaluating the students' strengths and weaknesses in relation to the learning objectives.
Ensuring Content Coverage
To ensure content coverage in a question paper, teachers should consider the following:

1. Reviewing the Learning Objectives: Carefully review the specific testing objectives or learning outcomes that were outlined for the course. This will help in identifying the key concepts and topics that need to be covered in the question paper.
2. Mapping Questions to Objectives: Create a mapping between the questions and the specific testing objectives. Each question should align with one or more objectives to ensure comprehensive coverage. This ensures that the question paper adequately represents the content that was taught.
3. Balancing Difficulty Levels: Ensure that the question paper includes questions of varying difficulty levels, ranging from easy to challenging. This allows for a comprehensive assessment of the students' understanding and mastery of the subject matter.
4. Including Different Question Types: Incorporate different question types such as multiple-choice, short answer, and problem-solving questions. This helps in assessing different cognitive skills and ensures that the content coverage is not limited to a particular type of question.
5. Avoiding Bias: Ensure that the question paper is free from bias or favoritism towards certain topics or concepts. The questions should be evenly distributed across the different content areas to provide a fair and unbiased assessment.

Family as a Means of Informal Education
Family plays a significant role in providing informal education to individuals. Informal education refers to the learning that occurs outside of formal educational settings, such as schools or colleges. It is a lifelong process that happens through daily activities, experiences, and interactions with family members.
Socialization:

• Family is the first social unit that a child encounters and is exposed to various social norms, values, and behaviors.
• Through socialization within the family, children learn how to interact with others, develop communication skills, and understand societal expectations.

Language and Communication:

• Members of a family often communicate in their native language, which enables children to acquire language skills.
• Children learn vocabulary, grammar, and communication strategies by observing and engaging in conversations with family members.

Cultural Transmission:

• Families are the primary agents of cultural transmission, passing down traditions, customs, beliefs, and values from one generation to another.
• Children learn about their cultural heritage, history, and identity through storytelling, celebrations, and participation in family rituals.

Moral Values and Ethics:

• Families instill moral values and ethical principles in children, teaching them right from wrong and guiding their behavior.
• By observing how family members interact, children learn about empathy, honesty, respect, responsibility, and other important values.

Life Skills:

• Families teach practical life skills to children, such as cooking, cleaning, personal hygiene, and financial management.
• Through everyday activities and responsibilities, children gain essential skills that prepare them for adulthood and independent living.

Emotional Development:

• Family provides emotional support, care, and love to its members, fostering emotional development.
• Children learn to express and regulate their emotions, develop empathy, and build healthy relationships within the family context.

Problem-Solving and Decision-Making:

• Families provide opportunities for children to engage in problem-solving and decision-making processes.
• By involving children in family discussions, decision-making, and sharing responsibilities, they learn critical thinking skills and develop autonomy.

Key Points

• The 68th Annual Conference of ILA:
  • The 68 ILA Conference was held on 19-21 January 2023,
  • The Theme of this conference was the Re-engineering of libraries in the context of emerging technologies: Myth or Reality:(IC-RLCET).
  • It was hosted by ILA, JLN Medical College Ajmer, and Rajasthan Technical Library Association(RTLA).

Additional Information

• The 67 Annual Conference of ILA:
  • ​it was held on 24-26 March 2022.
  • The Theme of the conference was Open Access Sources and Information Services during Post-Covid times: Challenges and
    Opportunities”
  • It was hosted by the Indian Library Association (ILA), Dravidian University Library, Andhra Pradesh Library Association (APLA), and Madras Library Association (MALA), Chennai.\
• The 66 Annual Conference of ILA:
  • It was held on 27-28 September 2021.
  • The Theme of the conference was Visualising Librarianship in the 21st Century- Connecting Minds and Creating the Futures.
  • It was hosted by ILA, Gulbarga University Library, Department of Public Libraries Govt of Karnataka, and Kalyan Karnataka Librarians Associations.
• The 65 Annual Conference of ILA:
  • it was held on February, 26th - 28th 2021.
  • The theme of the conference was Digital Landscape - Reinvention and Re-engineering of Libraries: Issues and Challenges
  • Due to Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), the 65th ILA International Conference was postponed.
  • it was organized by Maharashtra University and College Librarians Association (MUCLA) and ILA