EMRS Librarian Mock Test - 3 - EMRS MCQ

The focal length of a plane mirror is infinity. A plane mirror can be considered as a spherical mirror of infinite radius of curvature. Focal length is half of the radius of curvature and hence it is infinity.

This equation explains the behaviour of real gases with great accuracy and also the deviations of gas laws from ideal behaviour. The equation was proposed in the year 1873. It was a first step towards taking into account interaction forces which are acting between real gases molecules.

Saturated carbon compounds can form Straight and Branched types of chain structures.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms.
• Each carbon atom is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible.

The 18th Asian Games will take place simultaneously in Jakarta, capital of Indonesia and Palembang, capital of the province of South Sumatra. Vietnam’s capital Hanoi had been due to host the Games but pulled out due to economic concerns. The Asian Games, also known as Asiad, is a continental multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The 2014 Asian Games were held in Incheon, South Korea.

• The Plasma cells of connective tissue secrete antibiotics.
• The Mast cells secrete heparin, histamine, and serotonin.
• Leucocytes cells involve protecting the body against infectious disease. They are produced in the lymph nodes and spleen,
• The Adipocytes cells secrete leptin, adiponectin, and resistin.

To foster love for nature & raise awareness about its protection among children, WWF-India has launched its first-ever comic book.'The Great Indian Nature Trail with Uncle Bikky' follows the travels of its protagonists Uncle Bikky, Chunmun and their dog Duggu as they learn about wildlife across India.Book was launched by Bikram Grewal, author and Ravi Singh, Secretary and CEO, WWF-India.

Every one degree shift of longitude corresponds to 4 minute time difference.

So a time difference of 1 hour (60 minute) will have:

1 degree = 4 minutes

So, 60/4 = 15 and 15 × 1° = 15°

Now for 2 hours (120 min)

1 degree = 4 minutes

120/4 = 30 and 30 × 1° = 30°

So a time lag of 2 hours corresponds to 30 degrees of longitudinal change.

This follows from a simple fact that 360∘ ⇒ 24 hour.

Which is same as 360° ⇒ 1440 min. So 1° ⇒ 1440360 = 4 minutes.

Only II and III

Generally, covalently bonded molecules are poor conductors of electricity and have weak intermolecular force.

Given statements: B > C; C E; E > F

On combining: B > C < D > E < F

Conclusions:

I. C < F → False (as C < D > E < F → clear relationship between F and D cannot be determined)

II. B > D → False (as B > C < D → clear relation between B and D cannot be determined)

Hence, none of the conclusions is true.

Given statement: P > S ≥ M = L < J = N

I. L < N → True (as L < J = N)

II. P > M → True (as P > S ≥ M)

III. S = L → False (as S ≥ M = L gives either S = L or S > L)

Hence, both conclusions I and II are true.

Option ( a) is the right answer.

"South -east "

If south-east becomes North and north east becomes west, therefore,the whole figure moves 135 degree. Hence, West will bw south east. see, actual figure is rotating 135 degree anticlockwise. So, whenwest will be retated by same degree anticlockwise. It will hold the place of south east.

According to the question,
N > M
Y > M
N > X > Y
On arranging the above data, we get
&becaul; N > X > Y > M
So, N is the most intelligent among them.

So Option A is correct

Rahul’s position 14th from front
John’s Position 17th from last 
Alisha is between them


People between them 48 – (14+17) = 17
Where the midmost is Alisha 
So she has 8 people on either of her side.

So Option A is correct

The primary purpose of software is to turn data into Information. ... Information is usually the processed outcome of data. When data is processed into information, it becomes interpretable and gains significance.

Observation method, although useful in gathering accurate and firsthand data, has several limitations. One significant disadvantage is that it can be time-consuming. Here are some reasons why observation method can be time-consuming:

1. Extensive planning and preparation: Before conducting observations, researchers need to carefully plan and prepare for the study. This involves determining the research objectives, selecting the appropriate observation techniques, and designing a suitable observation schedule. This planning stage can be time-consuming as it requires careful consideration of various factors.
2. Waiting for relevant events or behaviors to occur: When using the observation method, researchers often need to wait for specific events or behaviors to occur. For example, if the study aims to observe the behavior of animals in their natural habitat, researchers may need to spend a significant amount of time waiting for the animals to engage in the desired behavior. This waiting period can be time-consuming and may require patience.
3. Recording and documenting observations: During the observation process, researchers need to carefully record and document their observations. This includes noting down details such as the time, location, and specific behaviors or events observed. The process of accurately recording and documenting observations can be time-consuming, especially in cases where a large amount of data needs to be recorded.
4. Analysis and interpretation of data: After completing the observation process, researchers need to analyze and interpret the collected data. This involves organizing and categorizing the observations, identifying patterns and trends, and drawing conclusions from the data. The analysis and interpretation of observational data can be a time-consuming task, especially when dealing with a large amount of data or complex observations.

Clinical Method
The clinical method is characterized by various elements, including confidential recording, scientific synthesis, and occupational therapy. Let's discuss each of these characteristics in detail:

1. Confidential Recording: In the clinical method, professionals maintain a confidential record of the patient's information, observations, assessments, and treatment plans. This record helps in tracking the progress of the patient over time and ensures privacy and confidentiality.
2. Scientific Synthesis: The clinical method emphasizes the use of scientific principles and evidence-based practices to guide assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. It involves synthesizing information from various sources, such as patient interviews, medical history, assessments, and research literature, to arrive at an accurate understanding of the patient's condition and provide effective interventions.
3. Occupational Therapy: Occupational therapy is a key component of the clinical method. It focuses on assisting individuals in achieving their maximum level of independence and functioning in their daily activities. Occupational therapists use various therapeutic techniques, exercises, and interventions to help patients regain or enhance their physical, cognitive, and emotional abilities to engage in meaningful occupations.

Clinical Case Study
A clinical case study is one of the procedures used by clinicians to develop case studies. This approach involves a detailed and comprehensive examination of an individual or a group of individuals who are undergoing a specific medical or psychological condition. The primary objective of a clinical case study is to understand the unique characteristics, symptoms, and treatment outcomes of the particular case being examined.
Procedure of a Clinical Case Study:

1. Selection of the Case: The clinician chooses a specific case that is relevant to their field of study or practice. This could be an individual or a group of individuals who exhibit particular symptoms or have undergone a specific treatment.
2. Data Collection: The clinician gathers comprehensive data about the case through various methods such as interviews, observations, medical records, psychological assessments, and laboratory tests. This data helps in understanding the background, symptoms, history, and other relevant factors associated with the case.
3. Analysis and Interpretation: The collected data is carefully analyzed and interpreted by the clinician. This involves identifying patterns, making connections, and drawing conclusions based on the information gathered. The clinician may use their professional expertise and knowledge to interpret the data accurately.
4. Formulation of a Case Study: The clinician then organizes and presents the findings of the case study in a structured and systematic manner. This includes providing an overview of the case, describing the symptoms, presenting the analysis and interpretation of the data, and discussing the treatment outcomes.
5. Publication and Peer Review: In many cases, clinicians may choose to publish their case studies in medical or psychological journals. These case studies undergo a peer review process where other experts in the field evaluate the quality, validity, and relevance of the study before publication.
6. Contributing to Evidence-Based Practice: Clinical case studies contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of medicine or psychology. They provide valuable insights into the diagnosis, treatment, and management of various conditions, which can help clinicians make informed decisions in their practice. 

Dr. JL Moreno developed the sociometric technique. This technique focuses on the study of interpersonal relationships within a group. It aims to understand the patterns of social interactions and the social structure that emerges within a group. Sociometry involves the use of surveys and questionnaires to gather data about social relationships, preferences, and connections among group members.
Here is a detailed explanation of the sociometric technique developed by Dr. JL Moreno:

1. Definition: Sociometry is a method of measuring social relationships and interactions within a group setting. It provides a quantitative analysis of social connections, preferences, and patterns of interaction among group members.
2. Purpose: The primary purpose of sociometry is to gain insights into the social structure and dynamics of a group. It helps identify key individuals within the group, determine social roles, assess group cohesion, and understand communication patterns.
3. Procedure: The sociometric technique involves the following steps:
   1. Designing a survey: A survey or questionnaire is designed to collect data on social relationships. The questions typically inquire about preferences for interacting with specific individuals, friendship choices, or perceptions of group members.
   2. Data collection: The survey is administered to group members, who provide their responses based on their social preferences and perceptions. This data is collected and recorded for further analysis.
   3. Data analysis: The collected data is analyzed using sociometric methods. Various statistical techniques are applied to identify patterns and relationships within the group. Measures such as sociograms (visual representation of social connections) and sociometric indices (quantitative measures of social status) are used to interpret the data.
   4. Interpretation: The results of the sociometric analysis are interpreted to gain insights into the social dynamics of the group. This includes identifying popular and isolated individuals, subgroups, communication patterns, and overall group cohesion.
4. Applications: The sociometric technique has various applications in different fields:
   1. Education: Sociometry can be used in schools to understand peer relationships, social integration, and identify potential social issues or conflicts among students.
   2. Organizational Psychology: Sociometry is useful for analyzing workplace dynamics, team building, and improving communication and collaboration within organizations.
   3. Therapeutic Settings: Sociometric techniques are employed in therapy sessions to explore interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, and enhance social skills.
   4. Market Research: Sociometry can be applied to understand consumer preferences, social influence, and identify opinion leaders within target markets.

Correlational Method
The psychologist in this scenario is using the correlational method to study the individuals and compare the jobs they were employed in. The correlational method is a research technique used to examine the relationship between two or more variables.

1. Correlational Method: The correlational method involves studying the relationship or association between two variables without manipulating them. It aims to determine whether a relationship exists between variables and the strength and direction of that relationship.
2. Studying Individuals: In this case, the psychologist is studying individuals, which means they are examining the characteristics, behaviors, or other factors related to each person. The focus is on understanding the relationship between the individuals' job choices and their other characteristics or behaviors.
3. Comparison of Jobs: The psychologist is specifically comparing the jobs in which the individuals are employed. They might be interested in understanding how different factors, such as personality traits, education level, or socioeconomic status, influence the types of jobs people choose.
4. Variable Comparison: The psychologist will collect data on the individuals' job titles, industries, or other relevant information related to their employment. This data will be used to compare the job variables across the individuals in the study.
5. Quantitative Analysis: To determine the relationship between the variables, the psychologist will analyze the data using statistical techniques. They may use techniques like correlation analysis to measure the strength and direction of the relationship between variables.
6. Interpretation of Results: Based on the analysis, the psychologist will interpret the results and draw conclusions about the relationship between the individuals and the jobs they are employed in. They may find positive correlations, negative correlations, or no significant relationship between the variables.

Study of subject under carefully controlled conditions
The experimental method involves conducting a study under carefully controlled conditions in order to test a hypothesis and determine cause-and-effect relationships. This method is commonly used in scientific research to investigate the effects of independent variables on dependent variables.
The main characteristic of the experimental method is the ability to manipulate and control variables to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. In an experimental study, researchers carefully design and control the conditions under which the study takes place, in order to eliminate potential confounding variables and ensure that any observed effects can be attributed to the manipulated variable.
Here is a breakdown of the key aspects of the experimental method:

• Manipulation and control of variables: In an experimental study, researchers deliberately manipulate and control one or more independent variables to observe their effects on the dependent variable. This allows them to establish a cause-and-effect relationship.
• Carefully controlled conditions: Experimental studies are conducted in highly controlled environments to eliminate extraneous factors that could influence the results. This includes controlling factors such as time, location, and the participants' characteristics.
• Random assignment: Participants are randomly assigned to different conditions or groups to ensure that any differences observed between groups can be attributed to the independent variable rather than pre-existing differences between the participants.
• Measurement of dependent variables: Researchers collect data on the dependent variable(s) of interest to assess the effects of the independent variable(s). This data is typically obtained through direct observation, self-report measures, physiological measurements, or other appropriate methods.
• Comparison of groups: Experimental studies often involve comparing the effects of different conditions or treatments. By comparing the outcomes of different groups, researchers can determine whether the independent variable has a significant impact on the dependent variable.

• Emotional Needs of a Child:
  Appreciation, love, and affection are essential components of a child's emotional needs. These needs fall under the category of emotional well-being and play a crucial role in the child's overall development and happiness.
• Importance of Emotional Needs:
  Meeting a child's emotional needs is vital for their healthy growth and development. Emotional well-being helps in building a strong foundation for a child's self-esteem, resilience, and ability to cope with challenges. When a child feels loved, appreciated, and receives affection, they are more likely to develop a positive self-image and have healthier relationships with others.
• Appreciation:
  Appreciation refers to recognizing and valuing a child's efforts, achievements, and qualities. Expressing genuine appreciation helps a child feel acknowledged and valued. It boosts their self-confidence and motivates them to continue their efforts, whether it is in academics, sports, or any other area of their life.
• Love:
  Love is an essential emotional need for a child. It involves showing care, warmth, and affection towards the child. Expressing love through hugs, kisses, kind words, and spending quality time together helps the child feel secure, nurtured, and valued. Love provides a sense of belonging and creates a safe emotional environment for the child to grow and explore their own emotions.
• Affection:
  Affection is the physical expression of love and care towards a child. It includes physical touch, such as hugs, cuddles, and gentle gestures. Affectionate touch releases hormones like oxytocin, which promotes feelings of bonding, trust, and emotional well-being in a child. Regular affectionate interactions with parents or caregivers contribute to the child's emotional development and help them feel loved and secure.