GATE Architecture and Planning Mock Test - 10 (Architecture) - GATE Architecture and Planning MCQ

Let the distance traveled = xkm
∴ Time taken in traveling at 30 km/hr = x / 30 hr
Time taken in traveling at 42 km/hr = x / 42 hr

2x = 70
∴ x = 35km.

- The correct preposition is "within."
- Living within one's means means spending less or only as much as one earns.
- "Within" indicates a boundary, suggesting the person does not exceed their financial limit.
- Other options like "in," "on," or "with" do not convey the idea of staying inside financial limits.
- Therefore, sensible people live "within" their means to maintain financial stability.

 Discern means be aware.

Note that using A alone it cannot cover the distance with the fuel and using B alone it cannot meet the time constraint.

He has to cover 21.2 km per litre of petrol.

He can do that by mixing B and A in a ratio of

Note that the same ratio gives the required speed.

= Rs. 230.

There are four dimensions to sustainable development – society, environment, culture and economy – which are intertwined, not separate.
For example, a prosperous society relies on a healthy environment to provide food and resources, safe drinking water and clean air for its citizens.
Framework of sustainable development is based on reuse of resources, reduction of waste to minimum, energy recovery from waste, elimination of toxic and hazardous substances from the economy and replacing them with eco-friendly, green, organic and bio-degradable substances.
Creation of additional value to product is not objective of sustainable development.

A building management system (BMS), otherwise known as a building automation system (BAS), is a computer-based control system installed in buildings that controls and monitors the building's mechanical and electrical equipment such as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and security systems.

In Hazen William’s equation, the term ‘S’ is the slope of the energy line (head loss per length of pipe or hf/L). In a typical Hazen William’s Nomogram, loss of head is expressed in meters per 1000 meters.

Three types of slums have been defined in Census of India, namely. Notified. Recognized and Identified;
(i) All notified areas in a town or city notified as ‘Slum’ by State, Union territories Administration or Local Government under any Act including a ‘Slum Act’ may be considered as Notified slums
(ii) All areas recognized as ‘Slum’ by State. Union territories Administration or Local Government, Housing and Slum Boards, which may liave not been formally notified as slum under any act may be considered as Recognized slums
(iii) A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70 households of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities may be considered as Identified slums.
So, non-notified slums can be Recognised or Identified slums.

Cadastral or Khasra map is a large-scale map showing the boundaries of subdivisions of land, usually with the directions and lengths thereof and the areas of individual tracts, compiled for the purpose of describing and recording ownership.

B: The Death and Life of Great American Cities
- This book, by Jane Jacobs, critiques the urban planning policies of the 20th century and emphasizes the importance of community-based approaches to urban design.
- C: The Image of the City
- Written by Kevin Lynch, this book introduces concepts of how individuals perceive and organize spatial information in urban settings, contributing significantly to urban design theory.
- D: A Pattern Language
- Authored by Christopher Alexander and others, this book outlines a practical design framework for creating human-centered urban environments, influencing modern urban design practices.

Preservation includes maintain the fabric of place in its existing state and retarding deterioration. Adaptive reuse is process of taking and old building or site and reusing it for a purpose other than it was designed.

Good governance is responsive and responsible governance. It is described as accountable, transparent, responsive, equitable & inclusive, effective & efficient, follows rule of law, participatory and consensus oriented.

Slope is given by rise/run = 0.55/25 = 1 in 45.45

Below are the relevant NBC 2016 standards for the given question:

• The plinth or any part of a building or outhouse shall be so located with respect to the surrounding ground level that adequate drainage of the site is assured. The height of the plinth shall be not less than 450 mm from the surrounding ground level.
• The minimum width of tread without nosing shall be 300 mm. However, for one or two family dwelling, it may be reduced to not less than 250 mm. The maximum height of riser shall be 150 mm. However, for one or two family dwelling, it may be increased to not more than 190 mm. The number of risers shall be limited to 12 per flight.
• The area of a bathroom shall not be less than 1.8 m² with a minimum width of 1.2 m. The floor area of water closet shall be 1.1 m² with a minimum width of 0.9 m. If bath and water-closet are combined, its floor area shall not be less than 2.8 m² with a minimum width of 1.2 m.
• Dimensions of septic tanks: Septic tanks shall have a minimum width of 750 mm, a minimum depth of 1 m below the water level and a minimum liquid capacity of 1 m³. The length of tanks shall be 2 to 4 times the width.

Town, Country, and Town-Country are the 3 magnets in the model for city proposed by Ebenezer Howard.

Right of way (RoW) or land width is the width of land acquired for the road, along its alignment. It should be adequate to accommodate all the cross-sectional elements of the highway and may reasonably provide for future development. To prevent ribbon development along highways, control lines and building lines may be provided. Control line is a line which represents the nearest limits of future uncontrolled building activity in relation to a road. Building line represents a line on either side of the road, between which and the road no building activity is permitted. RoW width is mainly governed by width of formation, height of embankment or depth of cutting, side slopes of embankment or cutting, sight distance considerations, and reserve land for future widening. A typical RoW is shown below:

Below are some important terms related to Fire and Life Safety as per National Building Code 2016:

• Refuge area: An area within the building for a temporary use during egress. It generally serves as a staging area which is protected from the effect if fire and smoke.
• Water sprinkler system: Automatic water sprinkler system is a system of water pipes fitted with sprinkler heads at suitable intervals and heights and designed to actuate automatically, control and extinguish fire by the discharge of water.
• Panic bar: A push bar (also known as a panic exit device, panic bar, crash bar, or bump bar) is a type of door opening mechanism which allows users to open a door by pushing a bar.
• Atrium: A large-volume space created by a floor opening or series of floor openings connecting two or more stories that is covered at the top of the series of openings and is used for purposes other than an enclosed stairway; lifts hoist-way; an escalator opening; or utility shaft used for plumbing, electrical, air-conditioning, or communications facilities.

As per IRC the standard dimensions of a car is taken as 5 × 2.5 meters and that for a truck is 3.75 × 7.5 meters. Below is the layout for 45-degree car parking;   

Length of parking space available for parking N number of vehicles in a given kerb is L = 3.54 N+1.77

Given, length of kerb, L = 44.25 meter

44.25 = 3.54 N + 1.77

3.54 N = 44.25 – 1.77 = 42.48

N = 42.48/3.54 = 12 cars

Variance of activity = [(Tp - To)/6]²
Expected Time = (To + 4Tm + Tp)/6
⇒ Tp = 6Te - 4Tm-To
⇒ Tp = 6(2)-4(1)-1
⇒ Tp = 7 weeks.
Variance of A = [(7 - 1)/6]² = [6/6]² = 1
Variance of B = [(14 - 2)/6]² = [12/6]² = 4
Variance of C = [(15 - 3)/6]² = [12/6]² = 4
Standard Deviation = √ [(Variance of A) + (Variance of B) + (Variance of C) = √ (1 + 4 + 4) = √9 = 3

Net annual rent = Gross annual rent – Annual outgoing = Rs. 72,000 – Rs. 8,000 = Rs. 64,000
Capitalized value = Net annual income × Years’ purchase = 64,000 × 10 = 6,40,000 = Rs. 6.4 lakh

Given, manning’s coefficient, n = 0.11
Hydraulic radius,
R = wet area/ wet perimeter =  = r/2 = 25 cm = 0.25cm

Slope = 1 in 100 = 1/100 = 0.01
Velocity of flow, in m/s using manning’s formula will be,

To determine the total volume of water collected from the terrace during rainfall, follow these steps:

• Calculate the side length: The terrace area on the site plan is 10 sq. cm.
• The side length of the terrace in the plan is: √10 = 3.1623 cm.
• Convert to actual size: The actual side length is: 3.1623 cm × 700 = 2213.594 cm or 22.1359 m.
• Calculate the actual area: Area = 22.1359 m × 22.1359 m ≈ 490 sq. m.
• Determine water collected per hour: Runoff coefficient = 0.8, thus: Water collected = 490 sq. m × 0.8 = 392 cu. m.
• Calculate for 72 minutes: This is equivalent to 1.2 hours.
• Water collected in 1.2 hours: 392 cu. m × 1.2 = 470.4 cubic metres

Given, Built-up area of cinema = 5000 Sq. m
Parking standard is 1.67 ECS for 100 Sq. m built-up
=> Parking area needed = (5000/100) x 1.67 = 83.5 ECS

Velocity head of flow is given by, h = v²/2g
=> Velocity head = (20 x 20)/(2 x 10) = 20 meter

This is to determine the workability of concrete in terms of slump test. After batching the concrete, a sample of fresh concrete shall be taken to test for slump tests and the samples for compressive strength test be taken too. This is to make sure that the batched concrete is complying with the mix design before it’s released from the batching plant.

• Compaction test - compaction test is conducted to determine compaction characteristics of soil. Compaction of soil is nothing but reducing air voids in the soil by densification. The degree of Compaction is measured in terms of dry density of soil.
• Crushing Test: This test is carried out on a brick work with the mortar. This brick work is crushed in a compression testing machine and the load is noted down. Then the crushing strength is obtained as load divided by cross-sectional area.
• Percentage of solids test: Maximum permissible limits of solids in water when tested shall be in accordance with IS 3025.

Volume of fresh air entering an opening per unit time due to natural wind movement.
Q = K × A × V
Where, Q is rate of ventilation
K is coefficient of effectiveness
A is area of opening
V is Velocity of wind

There is no load acting to the right of point C. Hence shear force at C is 0

At distance of 20 meters, SIL = 60 dB ⇒ r₁ = 20 m and I₁ = 10^-6 W/sqm

At distance r₂, SIL = 70 dB, i.e., I₂ = 10^-5 W/sqm

From inverse square law,

I₁r₁²  = I₂r₂²

10⁻⁶ × 20² = 10⁻⁵ × r₂²

r₂ = √40 = 6.3246 meters

The distance of source from point B = 20 – 6.3246 = 13.6754 meters