GATE Architecture and Planning Mock Test - 8 (Planning) - GATE Architecture and Planning MCQ

Meanings of the words in given set are:
Sick = bad health; infirm = weak especially because of age; moribund = dying (which is a set of words depictmg increasing intensity)
Silly = lacking judgement; daft = ridiculous/foolish. So. the correct word for the set should be a synonym for foolish - ideally between silly and daft in intensity
Meaning of the options:
Frown = furrow one's brows in an expression indicating disapproval, displeasure, or concentration.
Fawn = to praise someone too much and give them a lot of attention that is not sincere, in order to get a positive reaction (Fawn as noun also means a young deer)
Vein = A blood vessel transporting blood from the capillaries to heart
Vain = Having no real importance or purpose. Worthless
The most appropriate word for the given set will be ‘VAIN’.

The inner circle has tliree sectors and hence we should be starting with three colours (marked 1, 2, 3 in the figure below).

Part A can have colour 1 or 2 as its adjacent to colour 3. If part A is given colour 1. then part B cannot have any of these tliree colours and will need a fourth colour. Similarly, if Part A is given colour 2, then Part C cannot have any of these tliree colours and will need a fourth colour. So, a minimum of FOUR colours will be required.
In mathematics, the four-color theorem, or the four-color map theorem, states that no more than four colors are required to color the regions of any map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color. Adjacent means that two regions share a common boundary of non-zero length (i.e., not merely a comer where tln ee or more regions meet).

Let M = men, D = day and T = time

Men and days are inversely proportional to each other (when the number of men increases, the number of days decreases). Hence, product of men and days will always be constant.

M ´ D = constant

Men and time are inversely proportional to each other (when the number of men increases the amount of time required to finish the work decreases). Hence, product of men and time will always be constant.

M ´ T = constant

Men and work are directly proportional to each other (when the number of men increases the amount of work done increases). Hence, their ratio will always be constant.

M/W= constant. Combining all the above, we can conclude that,

Number of extra men required = 68 – 17 = 51 men  

- The phrase "turn marketing on its ear" suggests looking at marketing from a completely new or unconventional perspective.
- The passage describes changing traditional marketing approaches, like focusing less on cost-cutting or low prices and more on quality and differentiation.
- Option B, "looks at marketing from a different angle," best captures this idea of viewing marketing strategies from a novel perspective.
- The other options imply more drastic changes or challenges, which are not the primary focus of the passage.

Self Explanatory

Mixed liquor is a combination of raw or unsettled wastewater or pre-settled wastewater and activated sludge within an aeration tank. 

Below are some important terms related to conservation of ancient monuments (as defined in the ‘National Policy for the conservation of the Ancient Monuments, India)

• Restoration means bringing back the monument or any part thereof, as nearly as possible, to an earlier known state or condition.
• Reassembly or Reinstatement (Anastylosis) means putting existing but dismembered parts back together.
• Adaptation or Adaptive Reuse means modifying a lesser significance part of the monument, or a place inside or outside it, to suit it to a compatible use involving as little as possible loss of value.
• Reconstruction means to rebuild in the original form.
• Retrofitting means to consolidate a monument’s structure by inserting new parts or material using new technology in order to improve their safety and to make them functional.

Water basin is an important element of Japanese landscape. Stone water basins are placed in gardens for visitors to wash their hands and mouth before the tea ceremony. The water is provided to the basin by a bamboo pipe and they usually have a wooden ladle for drinking the water.

As per Census of India, 2011, Population of Class I city will be more than 1 lakh.

The Damp proof course is measured in square meter specifying its thickness.

Sewage sludge is treated by 'anaerobic digestion this process, micro-organisms breakdown organic matter in the absence of Oxygen; leading to release of carbon-dioxide and methane, which can be used as biogas. This process is required to limit the release of landfill gases in sanitary landfills.

Diversity, Adaptability & Legibility are basic principles of people friendly built environment. These three are also generally considered as basic elements of barrier free environment.

Following colour coding combination of urban landuses are right as per URDPFI:
Residential- Yellow
Commercial- Blue
PSP- Red
Transport- Grey

Refer Following:
URDPFI- Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation guidelines
PMAY- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna
CMP- Comprehensive Mobility Plan
BRTS- Bus Rapid Transit System

• It’s in our nature to be with others and amongst things. (…) Our identity is determined by the links we create when we live and act in the world – Urban Identity – The City as Place to dwell – Arto Haapala.
• This observation can be visualized as a triangle-shaped relation between our individual existence, the social milieu we live in and the corresponding, coating urban environment (consisting of natural and artificial space and objects). On one hand our individual existence is in constant relation with other individuals and the surrounding urban environment while on the other hand society is in constant relation with the urban environment and the individuals itself.
• Pocket neighborhoods make up small clusters of houses in urban, suburban, or rural settings in which small-footprint homes are arranged around a shared common area. The closeness that is created in these communities encourages interaction among neighbors and is perfect for people who seek a stronger sense of community than is found in a conventional neighborhood. They want a more caring supportive, safer, and connected place to live.
• The linkage theory focuses on 'lines' to connect various urban elements with each other. This linear emphasis can find expression in streets, lanes, pedestrian ways and/or open spaces. The general idea is that of a network, with lines providing the structure for ordering space.

• Jacobs refers to the concept of “eyes on the street” which is the activity taking place in city streets that keeps the movement and security of the street intact. “When there are people present in a public space such as city streets, it strengthens the space and inspires social cohesion.”
• The garden city movement is a method of urban planning in which self-contained communities are surrounded by "greenbelts", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. The idea was initiated in 1898 by Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom and aims to capture the primary benefits of a countryside environment and a city environment while avoiding the disadvantages presented by both. Ebenezer Howard's three magnets diagram which addressed the question 'Where will the people go?', with the choices 'Town', 'Country' or 'Town-Country'.

Gross density means the density of a given area, including infrastructure such as Public roads, public open space and in some instances non-residential development such as schools and shops,
Total area 100 hectares
25 % area under student's enclave = 25hectares
25% area under staff housing = 25 hectares
15% area under major roads (of which 50% is within the academic complex) i.e. 7.5% = 7.5 hectares
Total area excluding academic complex = 25 + 25 + 7.5 = 57.5 hectares
Total population in the residential area 6000 (students) + 2000 (faculty & staff) = 8000 Family size 4.5
No. of Dwelling units 8000 / 5 = 1600
1600 Dwelling units are there in an area of 57.5 hectares
Gross residential density 1600 / 57.5 = 27.82 Dwelling units / hectare

Below is the netowrk diagram from the given project. Forward and backward path calculations along with float calculations can be also seen in the network below,

Munsell colour solid is an arrangement of colours based on three properties; Hue, Value and Chroma. The arrangement is as follows;

Lateral surface area of the cuboid = 2h (l + b)
Lateral surface area of the cuboid = 2 x 4 (50 + 30)
Lateral surface area of the cuboid = 640 sq.m.
Area of front façade = 50 x 4 = 200 sq.m.
Area that needs to be painted = 640 – 200 = 440 sq.m

Variance = [(pessimistic time-optimistic time)/6]
= [(14 - 5) / 6] ² = 2.25

Some common project delivery methods are described below:

• Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT): Build-Operate-Transfer represents a complete integration of the project delivery: the same contract governs the design, construction, operations, maintenance, and financing of the project. After some concessionary period, the facility is transferred back to the owner.
• Build–own–operate–transfer (BOOT): A BOOT structure differs from BOT in that the private entity owns the works. During the concession period, the private company owns and operates the facility with the prime goal to recover the costs of investment and maintenance while trying to achieve a higher margin on the project. BOOT has been used in projects like highways, roads mass transit, railway transport and power generation.
• Build–own–operate (BOO): In a BOO project ownership of the project remains usually with the project company, such as a mobile phone network. Therefore, the private company gets the benefits of any residual value of the project. This framework is used when the physical life of the project coincides with the concession period. A BOO scheme involves large amounts of finance and long payback period. Some examples of BOO projects come from the water treatment plants.
• Build–lease–transfer (BLT): Under BLT, a private entity builds a complete project and leases it to the government. In this way the control over the project is transferred from the project owner to a lessee. In other words, the ownership remains by the shareholders, but operation purposes are leased. After the expiry of the leasing the ownership of the asset and the operational responsibility is transferred to the government at a previously agreed price.
• Design-Build-Finance-Maintain (DBFM): "The private sector designs, builds and finances an asset and provides hard facility management or maintenance services under a long-term agreement." The owner (usually the public sector) operates the facility. This model is in the middle of the spectrum for private sector risk and involvement.

The scale of the map is 1:16,000
if it's 1 cm, then real life would be 16000 cm.
1cm ×1 cm = 1 sqcm on the map.
16,000 cm × 16,000 cm = 256,000,000 cm² in real life.
This means that a farm with an area of 82 sqcm on the map would be equivalent to a site with an area of 82 × 2,56,000,000 cm² in real life which would be equal to 20,99,20,00,000 cm² = 209.99 hectares.

The valley section is a complex model, which combines physical condition- geology and geomorphology and their biological associations - with so-called natural or basic occupations such as miner, hunter, shepherd, or fisher, and with the human settlements that arise from them. It was given by Patrick Geddes.

Third places is a tenu coined by sociologist Ray Oldenburg and refers to places where people spend tune between home ('first' place) and work ('second' place). They are locations where we exchange ideas, have a good time, and build relationships.

The defensible space theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighbourhood safety. The theory developed in the early 1970s, and he wrote his first book on the topic, Defensible Space, in 1972. The book contains a study from New York that pointed out that higher crime rate existed in high-rise housing projects than in low-rise complexes.

Desakota is a tenn used in urban geography used to describe areas in the extended surroundings of large cities, in which urban and agricultural forms of land use and settlement coexist and are intensively intermingled. The term was coined by the urban researcher Terry McGee of the University of British Columbia around 1990. It conies from Indonesian desa "village" and kota "city".

The following picture represents the various road intersections correctly.

Revenue = Price * Number of tickets = P * Q
From given equation.
Revenue R = (1500 - 7.5Q) * Q = 1500Q - 7.5Q² 
Number of tickets sold for maximum revenue can be calculated by equating First derivative of Revenue equation to zero and solving for Q.
First derivative of Revenue equation will be:
R' = 1500 - 15Q
Equating R' = 0 and calculating for ‘Q’, we get:

The price when Q = 100 will be:
P = 1500 - 7.5Q = 1500 - (7.5 * 100) = 750
SO, maximum revenue per hour = 750 * 100 = Rs. 75,000

Given ratio B : B’ = 3:1.2 and for B = 6 units the value of B’ can be calculated as: