HPCL Civil Engineer Mock Test - 3 - HPSC (Haryana) MCQ

Given:

Mode of a series exceeds its median by 10

Concept used:

Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean

Calculation:

Mode = Median + 10

Again,

Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean

⇒ Median + 10 = 3 Median - 2 Mean

⇒ 10 = 3 Median - Median - 2 Mean

⇒ 10 = 2 Median - 2 Mean

⇒ 5 = Median - Mean

⇒ 5 + Mean = Median

So,

Mode = 5 + Mean + 10

⇒ Mean + 15

∴ Mode exceeds the mean by 15.

Given:

The distance between A and B is 8 km. And they cross each other in one hour.

Formula:

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Let the speed of the slower man and faster man be x km/hr and y km/hr respectively.

According to the question

x + y = 8/1

⇒ x + y = 8 →(1)

Again,

8/x – 8/y = 16/15 --- (2)

From (1) and (2), we get

8/x – 8/(8 – x) = 16/15

⇒ 8[1/x - 1/(8 - x)] = 16/15

⇒ 8[{8 - x - x}/x(8 - x)] = 16/15

⇒ [{8 - 2x}/x(8 - x)] = 2/15

⇒ 120 - 30x = 16x - 2x²

⇒ 2x2 - 16x - 30x + 120 = 0

⇒ 2x2 - 46x + 120 = 0

⇒ x2 - 23x + 60 = 0

⇒ (x - 20)(x - 3) = 0

⇒ x = 3 (∵ x = 20 not possible)

The speed of the faster man = y = 8 - x

⇒ y = 8 - 3 = 5 km/hr

∴ The speed of the faster man is 5 km/hr

Concept:

A probability is a chance of prediction. The formula of the probability of an event is given by

Calculation:

Favorable outcomes of getting 4 or less than 4 = {1, 2, 3, 4} = 4

Total number of outcomes = 6

∴ Probability = 4/6 = 2/3

Hence, the probability of getting 4 or less than 4 is 2/3.

Given:

Statements:

All backpacks are suitcase.

All suitcases are trolley.

Some Backpacks are Luggage

Venn Diagram:

Conclusions:

(I) Some Suitcases are Luggage. → True (All backpacks are suitcase and some backpacks are luggage.)

(II) Some Backpacks are Trolley. → True (All backpacks are suitcase and all suitcase are trolley.)

(III) All Trolleys are Luggage. → False (Some luggage are trolleys.)

Hence, the correct answer is "Both conclusion I and II follows."

Statement: Should a cricket team have more than one captain during a match?

Arguments:

(I) No, one needs to make decisions on the spot and there won't be time to resolve conflicting ideas between the captains on the field if such a scenario emerges. → True (Having a single captain ensures that decisions can be made promptly without needing to resolve potential conflicts between multiple captains. In a fast-paced game like cricket, there are often situations that require quick decision-making, and having a clear chain of command can be advantageous).

(II) Yes, it is always better to have more brains coming to an understanding before taking a decision. → True ( having more decision-makers can lead to better collective decision-making by bringing together multiple perspectives and ideas. This argument is based on the premise that more "brains" involved in the process can potentially lead to more well-rounded and informed decisions).

So, if either I or II is strong.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option ()".

Logic: There is same numbers written first column and first row and this logic follows for other rows and columns.

Row 1. 7 → 5 → 3

Column 1. 7 → 5 → 3

Row 2. 5 → 2 → 8

So, these numbers should be in second column,

Column 2. 5 → 2 → 8

So, the required matrix would be like,

Hence, the correct answer is "8".

The position and positional value of English Alphabets are:

The logic followed here is:

(First Letter - 3 → Number + 6 →Last letter +3)

Now,

S16H is related to P22K.

M28N is related to J34Q.

Similarly,K32P will be:

So, K32P will be related to H38S.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is 'Create.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Sabotage' means destroying or damaging something deliberately so that it does not work correctly. (जान-बूझ कर तोड़-फोड़ करना)
  • Example: The enemy agent used a bomb to sabotage the factory and halt production.
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
  • 'Damage' means to spoil or harm something, for example by breaking it. (हानि पहुँचाना, नुक़सान करना जैसे कुछ तोड़ देना)
    • Example: The storm caused property damage.
  • 'Cripple' means to seriously damage or harm somebody or something. (किसी को गंभीर रूप से क्षतिग्रस्‍त कर देना)
    • Example: A total cut-off of supplies would cripple the country's economy.
  • 'Destroy' means to damage something so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists. (किसी वस्‍तु को इस तरह हानि पहुँचाना कि वह इस्‍तेमाल न हो सके या समाप्‍त हो जाए, नष्‍ट करना)
    • Example: An atomic bomb can destroy the whole universe in no time.
  • 'Create' means bring something into existence. (कुछ नया उत्‍पन्‍न, रचना, बनाना, करना; अस्तित्व में लाना)
    • Example: To create the wedding cake, the baker needed the cake’s ingredients, a steady hand, and decorations to make the cake perfect.
      

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Sabotage' are "Create, Build, Conserve".
• The synonyms of the word 'Sabotage' are "Damage, Destroy, Demolish".

Statements I: 'Na Mg Al Si' means 'Some stones are marbles' and 'Si P CI' means 'Marbles don't break'.

From the above statement, code for "MARBLES" is "Si"

Statements II: 'Na Mg Al Si' means 'Some stones are marbles' and 'Si Al Ar' means 'Marbles are strong'.

From the above statement, code for "MARBLES" is either "Al" or "Si".

Hence, Statement I alone is sufficient while statement II alone is not sufficient.

The relation between pair;

Hole : snake → A hole is a structure where snake lives.

Now we check every option one by one for finding similar pair;

1) Cat : kitten → Baby cats are called kitten.

2) Laugh : smile → smile is a part of laugh.

3) Kennel : dog → Kennel is a structure or shelter for dogs.

4) Cub : lion > Baby lions are called cub.

Option (3) is similar to given pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Kennel : dog".

Given: "pu ma kas' means 'we eat mangoes'.

Statements:

I. 'la ti kas' means 'we are graduate'.

II. 'hum tup pu' means 'they eat bananas'.

From I and II statements we conclude that both are sufficient to answer the question. So 'ma' is the code of 'mangoes'.

Hence, Statements I and II together are sufficient to answer the question.

Concept:

We would use the concept of BODMAS-

Calculation:

60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [76 ÷ 5 of 19 - 15 ÷ 8 × (21 - 25) - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [76 ÷ 5 of 19 - 15 ÷ 8 × -4 - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [76 ÷ 95 - 15 ÷ 8 × -4 - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [ - × -4 - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [ + - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [ - 3] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [] ÷ 53

⇒ 60 ÷ 16 × 2 - [] ÷ 53

⇒ × 2 -

⇒ -

⇒ =

∴ The answer is .

The correct answer is 2) Gluttonous.

Key Points

• The word "edacious" means having a voracious or excessively eager appetite, often associated with being gluttonous or excessively hungry.
  (तीव्र या अत्यधिक भूख होना). It describes someone or something that has a strong desire for consuming food.
  • Example: "The edacious eater devoured the entire pizza in minutes, leaving no slice behind."
  • In this example, "edacious" describes the person's insatiable appetite and their quick consumption of the entire pizza.
• In conclusion, the word that means the same as "edacious" is 2) Gluttonous, as it conveys the idea of having an excessively eager appetite or being inclined towards overeating(अधिक खाने की ओर प्रवृत्त होना).
  • Example: Despite already having a full dinner, Tom couldn't resist indulging in a gluttonous feast of desserts.

Additional Information

• Now let's examine the other options:
• Solvent: (अन्‍य पदार्थ को अपने में विलीन करने वाला तरल; विलायक) This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Solvent" refers to being financially stable or able to pay debts, which is unrelated to the concept of being excessively hungry.
  • Example: "Despite the economic downturn, the company remained solvent and was able to pay its employees."
• Insolvent: (धन की कमी के कारण ऋण चुकाने में असमर्थ; दिवालिया)This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Insolvent" refers to being in a state of financial distress or bankruptcy, which is unrelated to the concept of having a voracious appetite.
  • Example: "Due to mounting debts, the business became insolvent and had to file for bankruptcy."
• Satiated: (भूख को पूरी तरह शांत करना; तृप्त करना)This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Satiated" means being fully satisfied or no longer hungry or thirsty, which is the opposite of the intense hunger associated with "edacious."
  • Example: "After enjoying a delicious meal, he felt satiated and content."

Given:

x : 5 = y : 10 = z : 15

Concept used:

If a : b = c : d = e : f, then

we let k = a : b = c : d = e : f.

Solution:

Using the above concept we have:

k = x : 5 = y : 10 = z : 15

x = 5k, y = 10k and z = 15k.

Then x + y + z = 5k + 10k + 15k = 30k.

Thus,

(x + y + z) / x

= 30k / 5k

= 6.

∴ (x + y + z) / x = 6.

Calculation:

⇒ 6/7 + 1/(6/7)

⇒ 6/7 + 7/6

⇒ (36 + 49)/42

⇒ 85/42 = 2

∴ The value of is 2

Total production on Friday and Saturday = 300 + 450 = 750

Average production = 375

Total production of the week = 240 + 510 + 390 + 150 + 300 + 450

Average production of the week = 2040/6 = 340

Exceed value = 375 – 340 = 35

∴ Required answer is 35

The codes are as follows;

According to above diagram the codes for the words are;

The code for is → re

The code for interesting → ka

The code for that → de

Therefore, above shows the code for 'that is interesting' is 'de re ka'.

But 'de re ka' order is not given in any options so we will take "ka de re" as a code for 'that is interesting'.

Hence, "ka de re" is the correct answer.

We consider each option and substitute the values then solve the equation using BODMAS rule:

Option 1) 4, 2 and ÷, +
19 - 4 ÷ 2 + 5 × 2 = 27
19 - 2 + 5 × 2 = 27
19 - 2 + 10 = 27
29 - 2 = 27
27 = 27

Option 2) 5, 2 and ÷, +
19 - 5 ÷ 4 + 2 × 4 = 27
19 - 1.25 + 2 × 4 = 27
19 - 1.25 + 8 = 27
27 - 1.25 = 27
25.75 ≠ 27

Option 3) 5, 2 and ÷, -
19 ÷ 5 + 4 - 2 × 4 = 27
3.8 + 4 - 2 × 4 = 27
3.8 + 4 - 8 = 27
7.8 - 8 = 27
-0.2 ≠ 27

Option 4) 4, 2 and ÷, -
19 ÷ 4 + 2 - 5 × 2 = 27
4.75 + 2 - 5 × 2 = 27
4.75 + 2 - 10 = 27
6.75 - 10 = 27
-3.25 ≠ 27

Hence the correct answer is option 1)

Given statement:

M ≥ Z ≥ B > R < T ≤ V

Conclusions:

I. M > R → True (M ≥ Z ≥ B > R)

II. R < V → True (R < T ≤ V)

Hence, Both I and II follow is the correct answer.

Concept:

• Biological waste is any material that contains or has been contaminated by a biohazardous agent. Biological waste includes, but is not limited to; Petri dishes, surgical wraps, culture tubes, syringes, needles, blood vials, absorbent material, personal protective equipment, and pipette tips.
• Sharps are items that are capable of puncturing, cutting, or abrading the skin. Sharps include, but are not limited to; glass and plastic pipettes, broken glass, test tubes, razor blades, syringes, and needles.

Points regarding categories 1 & 2 Solid waste:

• ​Category 1 biological waste includes any human-derived biological substance known, assumed, or suspected of being infectious to humans, plants, or animals before treatment that may cause harm to the general public if released into the environment.
• Category 1 biological waste also includes any material contaminated with the aforementioned infectious substances and all items containing or contaminated with human blood or fluids.
• All Category 1 biological waste must be treated by Incineration or deep burial or with an appropriate chemical disinfecting agent such as bleach prior to pickup.
• Category 2 biological waste, also known as "look-alike waste", is non-infectious and includes material such as animal tissue, fluids, cell cultures, and Petri dishes not fitting the Category 1 description.
• Category 2 waste does not require treatment before disposal.

Concept:

In the case of the shear box test we use the following equation to find out the applied shear stress;

τ = C + σ tanϕ

Where, τ = Shear stress; C = cohession of soil; ϕ = angle of internal friction or failure plane; σ = normal stress

Calculation:

Given:

τ = 10 kN/m^₂

ϕ = 30^∘

As the given soil is cohessionless, hence C = 0

Now, let's put the values into the equation.

∴ 10 = 0 + σ × tan 30^∘

⇒ 10 = 0 + σ / √3

⇒ σ = 10√3

∴ σ = 17.32

Concept:

Organic solids are called ‘volatile solids’ and these solids on heating at 650°C temperature get vaporized and leaving behind the inorganic solids or ‘non-volatile solids’.

→ Total Solids (TS) = Organic Solids (Volatile Solids) + Inorganic Solids (Non-Volatile Solids)

On heating, the water sample at 650°C all organic or volatile solids gets converted into vapors and leaving behind the inorganic solids

→ Weight of inorganic solid/Non-Volatile solids (NVS) = Weight of the residue after heating at 650°C – Weight of pan

On heating the same water sample at 110° which is the boiling point of water all water gets vaporized and leaves behind residue which consist of total solids.

→ TS = Weight of the residue after heating at 110°C – Weight of pan

Calculation:

Given,

Weight of sample of sewage = 1000 gm

Weight of solids after evaporation of liquid = 0.952 gm

→ Weight of liquid = 1000 - 0.952 = 999.048 gm

Weight of dry residue after ignition = 0.516 gm

As we know Organic Solids (Volatile Solids)

Weight of Volatile Solids after Ignition = 0.952 gm - 0.516 gm = 0.436 gm

Concept:

• For a restrained slab, the area of reinforcement in each of the four corner layers shall be three-quarters of the area required for the maximum mid span moment in the slab simply supported on both edges meeting at that corner.
• If the corner is contained by edges over only one of which the slab is continuous, torsion reinforcement equal to 0.375 or times the area of reinforcement provided the mid-span in the same direction shall be provided.
• If both edges are continuous, no torsion reinforcement shall be provided.

Additional Information

For Slab:

Minimum reinforcement criteria-

Mild steel- 0.15% of total C/S area

HYSD BARS- 0.12% of total C/S area

Maximum diameter = d should not be greater than 1/8 ( thickness of slab)

For Columns:

Longitudinal reinforcement criteria-

It should not be less than 0.8%
It should not be greater than 6%

For Beams:

Tension Reinforcement criteria-

The minimum area of reinforcement

Maximum area of reinforcement = 0.04bD

In reference to the following figure of an unequal angle section with a longer leg vertical:

1. U-U axis passes through the centroid of the unequal angle section and it is the major principal axis for a single unequal angle section.
2. V-V axis passes through the centroid of the unequal angle section and it is the minor principal axis for a single unequal angle section.
3. The y-Y axis is parallel to the longer leg of an unequal angle section and it also passes through the centroid. This is the minor axis and it is perpendicular to the shorter leg of the unequal angle section.
4. The z-Z axis is parallel to the shorter leg of an unequal angle section and it also passes through the centroid. This is the major axis and it is perpendicular to the longer leg of the unequal angle section​

Concept:

Treatment with Aluminum powder is not a minor method of disinfection of water.

The following are the minor methods of disinfection:

Boiling:

• The bacteria present in water can be killed by boiling it for a long time.
• This is the most effective method of disinfection of water.
• However, this method cannot be used to disinfect water on a large scale for public water supplies, for economic reasons.

Excess Lime Treatment:

• It has been found that when the pH value of water is greater than 9.5, E-coli and other bacteria present in water cannot survive.
• Thus when enough lime is added to water to raise its pH value to 9.5 or more most of the bacteria will be killed.

Iodine Treatment:

• In this method iodine (I₂) is used for the disinfection of water.
• Iodine is a bluish black solid that when added to water forms hypoiodous acid (HIO) and the dissociation of the hypoiodous acid results in the formation of hypoiodite ion (IO).

Bromine Treatment-

• In this method bromine (Br) is used for the disinfection of water.
• Bromine is a heavy dark reddish-brown liquid that when added to water forms hypobromous acid (HOBr) and the dissociation of the hypobromous acid results in the formation of hypobromite ion (OBr).
• The bactericidal effect of bromine is almost similar to that of chlorine.

Ozone Treatment-

• In this method ozone (O3) is used for the disinfection of water.
• Ozone is a faintly blue gas of pungent odor.
• It is an unstable gas that tends to break down to normal oxygen (O2) and nascent oxygen (O) (containing a single atom of oxygen).

Potassium Permanganate Treatment-

• In this method potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is used for the disinfection of water.
• Potassium permanganate works as a powerful oxidizing agent and it is found to be effective in killing cholera bacteria.
• However, it is less effective in killing bacteria of other water-borne diseases.

Silver Treatment:

• It has been found that silver has the property of disinfecting water as it is effective in destroying the bacterial spores and algae present in comparatively clear water.
• Silver can be introduced into the water either in the form of silver salt or by immersing silver or silver-coated electrodes in water and applying an electrical potential of about 100 volts.
• The latter process is called Electro-Katadyn Process.

Ultra-Violet Ray Treatment:

• The ultra-violet rays offer an effective method for the disinfection of water.
• The ultra-violet rays are the invisible light rays.
• These rays are basically found in sunlight.
• As such the exposure of water to sunlight leads to the destruction of micro-organisms which is primarily due to ultra-violet rays.

The inventory comprises of large number of items. All items are not of equal importance. The firm, therefore, should pay more attention and care to those items whose usage value is high and less attention to those whose usage value is low.

There are different types of selective inventory control:

Modular ratio(m):

The modular ratio is the ratio of Young's modulus of one material to Young's modulus of another material.

Significance:

The concept of modular ratio is essential in the computation of properties of reinforced, prestressed, jacketed, encased, and composite cross-sections.

The properties of each component of the cross-section are scaled by the modular ratio of the corresponding material. This is necessary so that the final properties can be multiplied by the modulus of elasticity in determining the total cross-section stiffness.

Concept:

Eccentric Loading of Riveted Joints:

• An eccentrically loaded joint is one in which the line of application of load does not pass through centre of gravity (c.g) of rivets.
• It passes away from c.g axis.
• This has two effects, primary/direct load and secondary load.

Direct Load:

• This load acts parallel to the load acting and vertically downwards.
• The magnitude for the direct load is
• It is represented by f₁.

Secondary load:

• It acts perpendicular to the line joining the centre of gravity of rivets assembly to individual rivets.
• The direction of the secondary load is the same as given by external load i.e. the moment produced due to external load is clockwise so the secondary load will also be clockwise.
• The magnitude for the secondary load is for rivet 1 and similarly for other rivets by changing r2, r3 and r4 in the numerator.

Now, both the load are added vectorially.

Calculation:

Given:

Direct load and secondary load diagram is given above.

The resultant of two forces acting at an angle is given by

Rivets that are farthest from centroid and having least θ will be subjected to maximum stress.

Hence rivets 4 and 6 will experience maximum stress.

According to IS 456: 2000, Table 22, Permissible stress in steel reinforcement is given below: