HPCL Electrical Engineer Mock Test - 3 - PSSSB Clerk MCQ

Given:

The inradius of the triangle = 5.5 cm

Perimeter = 36 cm

Formula used:

Semi perimeter of triangle (s) = a/2

Area of triangle = Inradius × S

Calculation:

According to the question,

Semi perimeter of triangle = (36/2) = 18 cm

Now,

Area of triangle = (5.5 × 18) cm2

⇒ 99 cm2

∴ The required area is 99 cm2.

Given:

Diameter = 84 cm

Length = 1 m

Formula used:

Curved surface area of cylinder = 2πrh

Calculation:

According to question,

⇒ 2πrh = 2 × 22/7 × 42 × 100

⇒ 2 × 22 × 6 × 100

Area of the road being levelled = 750 × 2 × 22 × 6 × 100

⇒ 19800000 = 1980 m²

∴ The correct answer is 1980 m².

Given: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y Z

Logic: The letter which is fifth to the left from the thirteenth letter from your right.

The 13th from the right is 'M'.

The 5th letter to the left from the thirteenth letter from right (Which is M) is 'H'.

So, H will be the answer.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given:

Clock is called Table.

Table is called Paper.

Paper is called Pen.

Pen is called Grinder.

Grinder is called Iron.

Logic: Clock shows time but Clock is called Table.

So, the correct answer is "Table".

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Esteem'.

Key Points

• The word that is opposite in meaning to the given word "Ignominy" is: 'Esteem'
• "Ignominy" refers to public shame or disgrace(अपमान).
• "Esteem" is the opposite of "Ignominy". It refers to respect and admiration.(सम्मान).

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Esteem'.

Additional Information

• Here's the explanation for the other options:
  • "Disrepute" - It means the state of being held in low regard by the public.(बदनामी).
  • "Stigma" - It refers to a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.(कलंक).
  • "Infamy" - It refers to the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed.(कुख्याति).

• The phrase "He suffered" should be in the past continuous tense to indicate an ongoing condition.
• "Suffered" should be changed to "was suffering" to accurately reflect that the fever was ongoing at the time of the interview.
• Present continuous tense better fits the context of the sentence describing a state during a specific past event.
• Changing "suffered" to "was suffering" makes the sentence grammatically correct and contextually appropriate.

• Option b: "When he was interviewed" is correct, describing the specific time at which the suffering occurred.
• Option c: "For the job" is correct, specifying the purpose of the interview.
• Option d: "No error" is incorrect because there is an error in part (a).

The correct answer is 'C' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• The phrase "due towards" is incorrect. The correct phrase should be "due to".
• "Due to" is a prepositional phrase that is used to give a reason or cause for something.
• In the given sentence, "due to" should be used to indicate the cause of the politicians parting ways.
• Therefore, the correct sentence should read: "The politicians parted ways due to ideological differences."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct sentence:

• Option 1 (a): "The politicians" - This part is correct as it correctly identifies the subject of the sentence.
• Option 2 (b): "parted ways" - This part is also correct as it correctly describes the action taken by the politicians.
• Option 4 (d): "No error" - This option is incorrect because there is an error in part (c) of the sentence.

1. R, N, O, W, Q and C are sitting around a circular table facing the center.

2. R is sitting to the immediate left of W, who is facing O, O is sitting to the immediate left of N.

3. C is not an immediate neighbor of W.

The final arrangement will be as shown below:

W is sitting to the left of Q.

Hence, ‘W’ is the correct answer.

Statement: Should new big industries be started in Mumbai?

Now,

Arguments:

I. Yes. It will create job opportunities. → True (starting new big industries in Mumbai, citing the potential for job creation as a positive factor. Indeed, the establishment of large industrial units can generate employment opportunities for the local population and contribute to economic growth).

II. No. it will further add to the pollution of the city → False (Stringent environmental regulations and effective implementation of pollution control measures can mitigate the negative impacts of industrial activities on the city's environment).

So, Only argument I is strong.

Hence, the correcet answer is "Option 3".

The logic is:

X + Y = 28 + 40

=> X + Y = 68

Hence, ‘68’ is the correct answer.

Given:

Concept used:

secθ = Hypotenuse/Base, tanθ = perpendicular/base, cosθ = base/hypotenuse

Pythgorus theorem

Hypotenuse² = Perpendicular² + Base²

Calculation:

Let Perpendicular = P, Base = B, Hypotenuse = H

⇒ {(H/B) + (P/B)}/{(H/B) - (P/B)} = 5/1

⇒ (H + P)/(H - P) = 5/1

⇒ H + P = 5 ----(1)

⇒ H - P = 1 ----(2)

Solve (1) and (2)

⇒ H = 3, P = 2

Hypotenuse2 = Perpendicular2 + Base2

⇒ Base = √5

⇒ {3 × (√5/3)² + 1}/{3 × (√5/3)2 - 1}

⇒ (8/3)/(2/3)

⇒ 4

∴ The value is 4.

Given:

Calculation:

Total savings = Sum of savings for all companies

Total savings = 400 + 900 + 700 + 400 + 500 = 2900

Total expenditure = Sum of expenditure for all companies

Total expenditure = 200 + 500 + 400 + 300 + 1100 = 2500

Percentage difference = ((Total savings - Total expenditure)/Total savings) × 100

Percentage difference = ((2900 - 2500)/2900) × 100

Percentage difference = (400/2900) × 100

Percentage difference ≈ 13.79%

Therefore, the total expenditure of all the companies is approximately 13.79% less than the total savings.

The correct answer is 2) Gluttonous.

Key Points

• The word "edacious" means having a voracious or excessively eager appetite, often associated with being gluttonous or excessively hungry.
  (तीव्र या अत्यधिक भूख होना). It describes someone or something that has a strong desire for consuming food.
  • Example: "The edacious eater devoured the entire pizza in minutes, leaving no slice behind."
  • In this example, "edacious" describes the person's insatiable appetite and their quick consumption of the entire pizza.
• In conclusion, the word that means the same as "edacious" is 2) Gluttonous, as it conveys the idea of having an excessively eager appetite or being inclined towards overeating(अधिक खाने की ओर प्रवृत्त होना).
  • Example: Despite already having a full dinner, Tom couldn't resist indulging in a gluttonous feast of desserts.

Additional Information

• Now let's examine the other options:
• Solvent: (अन्‍य पदार्थ को अपने में विलीन करने वाला तरल; विलायक) This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Solvent" refers to being financially stable or able to pay debts, which is unrelated to the concept of being excessively hungry.
  • Example: "Despite the economic downturn, the company remained solvent and was able to pay its employees."
• Insolvent: (धन की कमी के कारण ऋण चुकाने में असमर्थ; दिवालिया)This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Insolvent" refers to being in a state of financial distress or bankruptcy, which is unrelated to the concept of having a voracious appetite.
  • Example: "Due to mounting debts, the business became insolvent and had to file for bankruptcy."
• Satiated: (भूख को पूरी तरह शांत करना; तृप्त करना)This option does not have the same meaning as "edacious." "Satiated" means being fully satisfied or no longer hungry or thirsty, which is the opposite of the intense hunger associated with "edacious."
  • Example: "After enjoying a delicious meal, he felt satiated and content."

The correct answer is "ejected; evacuate."

Key Points

• "Ejected" - This is the past tense of the verb "eject", which means to discharge or expel something, in this case, a large amount of ash from the volcano.
• The phrase "Without warning" implies a sudden or unexpected event that happened in the past, and so, the past tense verb "ejected" is the most contextually appropriate form.
• It clearly communicates that this happened as a single event in the past.
• "Evacuate" - This verb means to move people from a dangerous place to a safe place.
• In the sentence, it is preceded by "to," which requires the base form of a verb.
• As "force" implies a need for an action as response to a situation, "evacuate" fits perfectly to denote the action that residents were required to take as a direct result of the ash eruption from the volcano.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3."

Given:

Ratio of height and radius of cylinder 3 : 2

Volume of cylinder = 12000π

Formula:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Calculation:

Ratio of height and radius of cylinder = 3 : 2 = 3x : 2x

According to the question

π × (2x)² × 3x = 12000π

⇒ 4x² × 3x = 12000

⇒ x³ = 12000/12

⇒ x = ∛1000

⇒ x = 10

Statements:

I) Neither P nor R is the tallest. S is taller than P.

S > P

II) P is taller than R and T. S is taller than Q, who is not shorter than P. So, we have the following arrangement.

⇒ P is taller than R and T.

→ P > T > R, or

→ P > R > T ....... (i)

⇒ S is taller than Q

→ S > Q ........ (ii)

⇒ Q is not shorter than P.

→ Q > P ........ (iii)

Combining all these, we get:

S > Q > P > R/T > T/R

Therefore, S is the tallest.

Only statement II is sufficient to find the tallest person among P, Q, R, S and T.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Concept:

Flowing of charge does not depend upon the charge amount or size of the two bodies.

If there is an electric potential difference there will be a flow of charge, if no potential difference, there will not be a flow of charge i.e. current flow is not possible.

Thus, in all electrical circuits when the current flows, it means there is an electrical potential difference between two points.

Application:

Two spheres of radii R1 and R2 (R2 > R1) are connected by a conducting wire. Each of the spheres has been given a charge q.

Now Potential of both the spheres will be equal because of both sphere has the same charge.

In Maxwell’s inductance bridge resistance is connected in parallel with the standard capacitor.

Hay’s bridge:

In Hay’s bridge, a resistance is connected in series with a standard capacitor.

Hay’s bridge is used for the measurement of the inductance of coils with high-quality factors.

Wein bridge:

The circuit diagram of the Wein bridge oscillator is shown below:

The phase angle criterion for oscillation is that the total phase shift around the circuit must be 0°.

The total phase shift around circuit 0° occurs when the bridge gets balanced, which is at resonance.

∴ The frequency of oscillation is given by:

Schering Bridge:

Schering bridge is used to measure the dissipation factor and capacitance.

Concept:

When the difference between the no. of poles and the zeroes is equal to 1, the root locus formed is a circle.

The angle of asymptotes in a root locus is given by:

where, q = 0,1........(P-Z-1)

θ = 180°

Calculation:

Given, G(s)H(s) =

Poles = 0, -2

Zeroes = -3

The root locus starts from the pole & terminates at zero.

The Correct answer if option (2)

Concept:

Protective Relay:

• Pick-up value is the minimum relay operating coil current above which the relay starts its operation.
• If the relay operating coil current is less than the pick-up value relay does not operate.
• If both are equal, relay is on the threshold.

The current setting is defined as the ratio of the pick-up value of the relay to the relay current rating.

The current setting is also expressed in amperes, in Amperes Current setting is equal to the pick-up value.

Plug setting Multiplier (PSM):

PSM = Primary current of CT / (CT ratio × Relay current setting (A) (or)

PSM = (secondary fault current) / (Relay current setting (A) or pick-up current)

Calculation:

Given that,

Pick up current = Relay current setting (A) = 7.5 A

Fault current = 30 A

PSM = (30 / 7.5) = 4

Finding Synchronous Impedance (Zs) with the help of OCC and SCC:

Synchronous impedance is the ratio of Open circuit voltage per phase to the score circuit armature current at the same value of field current (Excitation).

• Let the rated field current is IA, and we have to find the Open circuit voltage and short circuit armature current at this value by plotting the graph as shown,

From the above characteristics,

At rated field current (IA),

Open Circuit Voltage (VOC) = OB

Short Circuit Current (ISC) = OC

Synchronous Impedance (Zs) = Ω

From using the concept of, Z2 = R2 + X2, we easily find the Synchronous reactance.

And Armature resistance will find by using the Voltage Test Method or (VA or AV) method.

Application:

We have,

Field of of 40 A produced:

Open circuit voltage (V_oc) of 1200 V

And short circuit current (I_sc) of 200 A

Now graph can be drawn as,

Synchronous impedance is given as (Z) =

Hence, Z = 1200/200 = 6.0 Ω

Concept:

The nature of the control system is defined on the basis of the value of the damping ratio.

Concept:

Time-shifting property: When a signal is shifted in the time domain it is said to be delayed or advanced based on whether the signal is shifted to the right or left.

For example:

Time scaling property: A signal is scaled in the time domain with the scaling factor 'a'.

If a > 1, then the signal is contracted by a factor of 'a' along the time axis.

if a < 1, then the signal is expanded by a factor of 'a' along the time axis.

For example:

Analysis:

Whenever there is a combination of operations care should be taken while following the sequence of operations.

Correct approach:

x[2(t - 1.5)]

First, time scale the signal by factor 2.

Then, time shift the signal by 1.5

Incorrect approach:

x[2(t - 1.5)]

First, time shift the signal by 1.5

Then, time scale the signal by 2.

or,

Correct approach:

x[2t - 3]

First, time shift the signal by 3.

Then, time scale the signal by 2

Incorrect approach:

x[2t - 3]

First, time scale the signal by 2

Then, time shift the signal by 3.

• The wattmetric relay with directional characteristic is used for the protection of generator against failure of prime mover.
• An over speed relay is used for the protection of generator against over speed.
• Earth fault relay is used for the protection of generator against rotor filed ground faults.
• A protective scheme employing offset mho or directional impedance relay is used for the protection of generator against loss of excitation.

Concept:

The displacement factor (D.F.) of the single-phase semi-converter converter is given by

Where, α = firing angle

Calculation:

Given that,

Supply Voltage V_s = 120 V

D.F = 0.866

Firing angle = α

⇒ α/2 = 30°

⇒ α = 60°

⇒ sin α = sin 60° = √3/2 = 0.866

A. Thyristor – Slow device

B. MOSFET - Large on-state drop, no secondary breakdown

C. IGBT – Low on state drop

D. BJT - Low on state drop, secondary breakdown

Additional Information

Power MOSFET:

• Power MOSFET has lower switching losses but its on-resistance and conduction losses are more.
• MOSFET is a voltage-controlled device whereas BJT is a current controlled device.
• MOSFET has positive temperature coefficient for resistance. This makes parallel operation of MOSFETs easy. If a MOSFET shares increased current initially, it heats up faster, its resistance rises, and this increased resistance causes this current to shift to other devices in parallel.
• In MOSFET, secondary breakdown does not occur, because it has positive temperature coefficient.

BJT:

• A BJT has higher switching losses but lower conduction losses.
• A BJT has negative temperature coefficient, so current-sharing resistors are necessary during parallel operation of BJTs.
• As BJT has negative temperature coefficient, secondary breakdown occurs. With decrease in resistance, the current increases. This increased current over the same area results in hot spots and breakdown of the BJT.

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT): It is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch. It is a 4 layer PNPN device that combines an insulated gate N-channel MOSFET input with a PNP BJT output in a type of Darlington configuration.

​Insulated gate Bipolar Transistor is also known as Conductivity-Modulated Field Effect Transistor.

Advantages:

• The insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is easy to turn ON and OFF.
• The switching frequency is higher than that of power BJT.
• It has a low on state power dissipation.
• It has simpler driver circuit.

Disadvantages:

• The switching frequency of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is not as high as that of a power MOSFET.
• High turn-off time
• It cannot block high reverse voltages.

Concept:

Flowing of charge does not depend upon the charge amount or size of the two bodies.

If there is an electric potential difference there will be a flow of charge, if no potential difference, there will not be a flow of charge i.e. current flow is not possible.

Thus, in all electrical circuits when the current flows, it means there is an electrical potential difference between two points.

Application:

Two spheres of radii R1 and R2 (R2 > R1) are connected by a conducting wire. Each of the spheres has been given a charge q.

Now Potential of both the spheres will be equal because of both sphere has the same charge.

Concept:

Apparent power (S) = P + jQ = V I*

Calculation:

Given V = 200 + j40

Current (I) = 30 - j10

Conjugate current (I*) = 30 + j10

Apparent power (S) = Voltage × Conjugate current (I*)

Apparent power (S) = V I^*

= 5600 + j 3200

∴ Active power (P) = 5600 watt

Reactive power (Q) = 3200 VAR

As the reactive power is positive, the load is inductive.

Concept:

In a buck DC to DC converter

V_avg = δ V_d

Where δ = duty ratio

V_i = input voltage

V_d = V_i – Voltage drop

Calculation:

Duty ratio (δ) = 50% = 0.5

V_d = V_i – Voltage drop = 100 – 2 = 98 V

V_avg = δ V_d = 0.5 × 98 = 49 V

Concept:

The inductance of a solenoid is given by:

N = Number of turns

A = Area of the solenoid

l = length of the solenoid

Also, the energy stored by the inductor is given by:

Calculation:

Given that, inductance (L) = 0.126 H

Current (I) = 2 A

= 0.252 J