History Mock Test- 3 - Class 10 MCQ

Forced recruitment is a process by which the colonial state forced people to join the army. The British government in India resorted to it at the time of the First World War in order to boost the number of soldiers fighting from its side.

The growth of modern nationalism is intimately connected to the anti-colonial movement in India, just like in any other country.

In the process of their struggle with colonialism people began discovering their unity.

Anti-colonial movement gave a strong issue to the people with which they could identify and could come on a common platform.

All though each class or group of people felt that they were being oppressed under colonialism, the effects of colonialism were felt differently.

Hence, the growth of nationalism in the colonies is linked to an anti-colonial movement. 

My childhood My university’ is written by Maxim Gorky.Alexei Maximovich Peshkov, primarily known as Maxim Gorky, was a Russian and Soviet writer, a founder of the socialist realism literary method, and a political activist. He was also a five-time nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

When was the Vernacular Press Act passed?
The Vernacular Press Act was passed in 1878.
Here is a detailed explanation:
What is the Vernacular Press Act?
The Vernacular Press Act was a law enacted by the British colonial government in India during the British Raj. It aimed to restrict the freedom of the Indian-language press, particularly the newspapers published in vernacular languages.
When was it passed?
The Vernacular Press Act was passed in 1878.
What were the key provisions of the act?
The act imposed certain restrictions on the vernacular press, including:
1. Requirement of obtaining a license: Under the act, newspaper publishers were required to obtain a license from the government in order to publish newspapers in vernacular languages.
2. Censorship powers: The act granted the government the power to censor and prohibit the publication or circulation of any material that was deemed seditious or objectionable.
3. Penalties for non-compliance: The act imposed penalties, including fines and imprisonment, for non-compliance with its provisions.
What was the impact of the act?
The Vernacular Press Act was highly controversial and was seen as an attempt by the British government to suppress dissent and criticism in the Indian press. It was widely criticized by Indian nationalists and journalists for curbing the freedom of the press and stifling the voice of the Indian people.
The act remained in force until it was repealed in 1882, following widespread protests and opposition from various quarters.
Overall, the Vernacular Press Act of 1878 was an important milestone in the history of the Indian press, highlighting the struggles for freedom of speech and expression during the colonial era.

Introduction of Print Technology in Asia

• China: Print technology was first introduced in China during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) with the invention of woodblock printing.


• Japan: The introduction of print technology in Japan can be traced back to the 8th century when Buddhist texts were brought from China, leading to the development of woodblock printing in Japan.


• Korea: Korea also adopted woodblock printing technology from China in the 7th century, contributing to the spread of print culture in East Asia.

Significance of Print Technology in Asia

• Cultural Exchange: Print technology facilitated the exchange of ideas, literature, and art between China, Japan, and Korea, leading to the enrichment of their respective cultures.


• Educational Development: The availability of printed materials allowed for the spread of knowledge and education among the populations of these countries.


• Technological Innovation: The development of print technology in China, Japan, and Korea paved the way for further advancements in printing methods and techniques.

Conclusion

• China, Japan, and Korea: These countries played a crucial role in the introduction and development of print technology in Asia, contributing to the growth of print culture and knowledge dissemination in the region.

The correct sequence is

(ii) The Great Depression: The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

(i) The Second World War: World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945.

(iv) The IMF and the World Bank commenced financial operations: The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were both created at an international conference convened in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States in July 1944.

(iii) The Chinese Revolution: The Chinese Communist Revolution, known in mainland China as the War of Liberation, was the conflict, led by the Chinese Communist Party and Chairman Mao Zedong, that resulted in the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, on 1 October 1949.

The correct sequence is

(iv) Potato Famine in Ireland: The Great Famine, also known as the Great Hunger, the Famine or the Irish Potato Famine, was a period of mass starvation and disease in Ireland from 1845 to 1852.

(ii) Rinderpest (Cattle Plague) had a terrifying impact on the livelihoods of the African people and the local economy: In Africa, in the 1890s, a fast-spreading disease of cattle plague or rinderpest had a terrifying impact on people's livelihoods and the local economy.

Karol kurpinski celebrated national struggle through his music and opera.
He turned dances like polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.

Polish language was used for church gatherings and all religious instructions. As a result, a large number of priests and bishops were put in jail or sent to Siberia by Russian authorities as punishment for their refusal to preach in Russian. The use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance.

In 1845, weavers of Silesia had led a revolt of against contractors who supplied them raw materials. They gave them order for finished textiles but reduced their payments.
(1) The workers were living in absolute poverty and misery.
(2) On 4 June at 2 P.M., a large crowd of weavers emerged from their homes and marched in pairs up to the mansion of the contractor.
(3) They were demanding higher wages. But, they were treated with scorn and threats.
(4) Then, some of the weavers entered forcefully into the house. They smashed the window panes, furniture and porcelain. They entered the storehouse and tore to shreds the supplies of cloth.
(5) The contractor fled with his family but came back after 24 hours with army. In exchange that followed, eleven weavers were shot.

The Greek revolution that began in 1821, followed by the war of independence, was the second of the national revolutions in the Balkans. The Greek War of Independence (1821– 1829), also commonly known as the Greek Revolution, was a successful war by the Greeks who won independence for Greece from the Ottoman Empire.

Rise of the Middle class in India and elsewhere assimilated the philosophy of democracy they gained from western education. They realised the worth of an individual and demanded the liberation from despotic rulers. Modern education awakened the middle classes and helped change many incidents, including the National Liberation Movements around the World, including India.

Marco Polo brought back the art of wood block painting to Italy. Here is a detailed explanation:
Marco Polo:
- Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant, explorer, and writer who traveled extensively in Asia during the 13th century.
- He spent around 17 years in the court of Kublai Khan, the ruler of the Mongol Empire.
- During his travels, Marco Polo encountered various forms of art and culture, including wood block painting.
- Wood block printing was a popular artistic technique in China and other parts of Asia at that time.
- Marco Polo observed and learned about this art form during his stay in Asia.
- When he returned to Italy, he brought back the knowledge and techniques of wood block painting.
Wood Block Painting:
- Wood block painting is a form of printmaking in which an image is carved into a block of wood.
- The carved block is then inked and pressed onto paper or another surface to create a printed image.
- This technique allows for the reproduction of images, making it an important method for disseminating art and information.
- In Italy, wood block printing became popular during the Renaissance period and had a significant impact on the development of art and printing.
Impact on Italy:
- Marco Polo's introduction of wood block painting to Italy played a crucial role in the artistic and cultural exchange between Europe and Asia.
- The technique of wood block printing revolutionized the art scene in Italy, allowing for the mass production of images and texts.
- It contributed to the spread of knowledge, ideas, and artistic styles across different regions of Italy and Europe.
- Wood block printing laid the foundation for the later development of other printing techniques, such as engraving and etching.
- The impact of wood block painting can still be seen today in the rich history of Italian art.

The art of printing first entered India through Goa. In a letter to St. Ignatius of Loyola, dated 30 April 1556, Father Gasper Caleza speaks of a ship carrying a printing press setting sail for Abyssinia from Portugal, with the purpose of helping missionary work in Abyssinia.

European Managing Agency

• Andrew Yule: This was a European managing agency that operated in India. It was involved in managing various industries and businesses in the country.

Therefore, the correct answer is B: Andrew Yule.

King Victor Emmanuel II

The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state founded from 1861, when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, to 1946, when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic.

The treaty of Vienna drawn up in 1815 to restore the monarchies. The Treaty of Vienna of 1815, its objective was to undo most of the changes which had come in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. 
some of the steps taken by the treaty of Vienna are as follows: 
1. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed during the French revolution, was restored to power. 
2. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.

The Swaraj Party was formed by Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das in order to fight British colonialism from within and give the people of India a responsible and responsive government by making the colonial state accountable. The formation of this party allowed the Congress leaders who believed in participating in government an avenue to contest elections.

The two factors that shaped Indian politics towards late 1920s were:

The first was the effect of the worldwide economic depression. Agricultural prices began to fall from 1926 and collapsed after 1930. As the demand for agricultural goods fell and exports declined, peasants found it difficult to sell their harvests and pay their revenue. By 1930, the countryside was in turmoil.

The Tory government in Britain constituted the Simon Commission to look into the functioning of the Constitutional government in India. The Simon Commission came to India in 1928. Since this Commission had no Indian member, it was greeted with protests and black flags. 

Assertion:

• In the 18^th century, European merchants found it difficult to expand production within towns.

Reason:

• Town had absolute technology.

Explanation:

During the 18^th century, European towns faced challenges in expanding production due to various reasons:

• 1. Limited technology: Towns in Europe during that time often had limited technological advancements, which hindered the expansion of production.


• 2. Lack of infrastructure: The towns lacked proper infrastructure to support increased production, such as transportation networks and storage facilities.


• 3. Small market size: The towns had relatively small markets, making it difficult for merchants to scale up production without access to larger markets.

Evaluation of Assertion and Reason:

Based on the above explanations, it is clear that while the assertion is true, the reason provided does not adequately explain why European merchants found it difficult to expand production within towns. The assertion focuses on the challenges faced by merchants, while the reason only mentions the presence of absolute technology in towns, which is not directly related to the difficulties in production expansion.

Conclusion:

Therefore, option C is the correct choice as the assertion is correct but the reason is not a correct explanation for the assertion.

• Manchester export to India declined after the First World War because the British industries and mills were busy in fulfilling the needs of the army.
• Most of the products were manufactured for meeting war needs.

Explanation:

• Both A and R are true: Mahatma Gandhi did indeed find salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation, and it is true that salt was something consumed by both the rich and the poor alike.


• R is the correct explanation of A: Salt being consumed by people from all economic backgrounds symbolized unity among the nation. Gandhi's Salt March, where he walked to the sea to make salt in defiance of British salt laws, was a powerful act of civil disobedience that united people across India in the fight for independence.

Therefore, option A is the correct choice as it accurately explains the relationship between the assertion and reason.

Explanation:

• James Watt: James Watt is widely known for his improvements to the steam engine, including the development of the separate condenser.


• Newcomen: Thomas Newcomen was an English inventor who is credited with inventing the first practical steam engine.


• Matthew Boulton: Matthew Boulton was a business partner of James Watt and played a significant role in the development and commercialization of the steam engine.


• James Hargreaves: James Hargreaves was not associated with the steam engine. He was an inventor known for inventing the spinning jenny, a multi-spindle spinning frame.

Therefore, among the options provided, James Hargreaves was not associated with the steam engine.

Factors needed to increase food production in the world in the 19th century:
Railways to link agricultural regions, harbors to be expanded or built for new cargoes:
- Construction of railways allowed for faster transportation of agricultural products from rural areas to urban centers.
- Improved transportation infrastructure enabled farmers to access larger markets and sell their produce more efficiently.
- Expansion of harbors facilitated the export of agricultural goods to international markets, increasing trade opportunities.
Building homes and settlements for those working on land:
- As agricultural production increased, there was a need for housing and settlements to accommodate the growing number of workers in rural areas.
- Establishing proper living conditions for agricultural workers was essential for their well-being and productivity.
Capital and labor:
- The availability of capital was crucial for investing in modern farming techniques, machinery, and infrastructure.
- Adequate labor was required to cultivate and harvest crops efficiently.
- The expansion of food production required both financial resources and a sufficient workforce.
Conclusion:
To increase food production in the world in the 19th century, it was necessary to not only clear land but also develop railways, expand harbors, build homes and settlements for agricultural workers, and have access to capital and labor. All of these factors worked together to improve agricultural productivity and facilitate the distribution of food to meet the growing demands of the population.

To determine the number of people who migrated from Europe to America and Australia and other parts of the world in the 19th century, we can analyze the given options:
A: 10 million from Europe and 100 million from all over the world:
- This option only considers the number of people from Europe and the total number from all over the world, without specifying the destinations.
- It does not provide information about the migration to America and Australia specifically.
- This option is not a suitable choice as it lacks specific details.
B: 20 million from Europe and about 150 million from all over the world:
- This option provides a specific number of people from Europe (20 million) and the total number from all over the world (about 150 million).
- However, it does not mention the specific destinations of migration.
- This option is also not a suitable choice as it lacks specific details about migration to America and Australia.
C: 50 million people from Europe to America and Australia and 150 million from all over the world migrate:
- This option provides a specific number of people from Europe (50 million) and the total number from all over the world (150 million).
- It also mentions the specific destinations of migration, including America and Australia.
- This option is the most suitable choice as it provides specific details about migration to America and Australia.
D: The number is not certain, not enough proof:
- This option suggests that there is not enough evidence or proof to determine the number of migrants.
- It does not provide any specific details or estimates.
- This option is not a suitable choice as it does not provide any useful information.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: 50 million people from Europe to America and Australia and 150 million from all over the world migrate.

The value of British exports to India was much higher than the value of British imports from India. Therefore, Assertion is true but reason is false.

Before the First World War, eastern Europe was a major supplier of wheat in the world market. Thus the reason is false.

Importance of railways, steamships, and the telegraph in the nineteenth-century world

• Connectivity: These inventions revolutionized transportation and communication, connecting distant places like never before.


• Efficiency: Railways and steamships allowed for faster and more efficient movement of goods and people.


• Globalization: The telegraph enabled real-time communication across continents, facilitating international trade and diplomacy.

Role of Colonization in stimulating investments and improvements in transport

• Need for infrastructure: Colonizers required efficient transport systems to exploit and govern their colonies effectively.


• Market expansion: Colonization led to the opening of new markets, driving the need for better transportation networks.


• Competition: Rivalry between colonial powers spurred investments in transport infrastructure to gain strategic advantages.

Explanation of the Assertion and Reason

• Both A and R are true: The assertion that railways, steamships, and the telegraph were important inventions in the nineteenth-century world is true, as they revolutionized connectivity and communication. Similarly, colonization did stimulate new investments and improvements in transport.


• R is the correct explanation of A: Colonization played a significant role in driving advancements in transport infrastructure, making it the underlying reason for the transformative impact of these inventions in the nineteenth century.

Both A and Rare true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both statements are true
On 6th April Gandhi ji and his followers reached Dandi, and ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt by boiling sea water. This marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience movement.

In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed, modelled on the Irish Press Laws. It provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press.