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Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Class 9 MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test Social Studies (SST) Class 9 - Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge for Class 9 2024 is part of Social Studies (SST) Class 9 preparation. The Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge questions and answers have been prepared according to the Class 9 exam syllabus.The Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge MCQs are made for Class 9 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge below.
Solutions of Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge questions in English are available as part of our Social Studies (SST) Class 9 for Class 9 & Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge solutions in Hindi for Social Studies (SST) Class 9 course. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for Class 9 Exam by signing up for free. Attempt Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge | 20 questions in 25 minutes | Mock test for Class 9 preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study Social Studies (SST) Class 9 for Class 9 Exam | Download free PDF with solutions
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 1
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Which state has focused more on human resource development?

Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 1
Human Resource Development in Kerala:
- Kerala has been consistently recognized as a state that prioritizes human resource development.
- The state has made significant investments in education, healthcare, and skill development programs to nurture its human capital.
- Education is given high importance, with a high literacy rate and a strong network of schools and colleges.
- The government has implemented programs to improve the quality of education and provide equal opportunities for all students.
- Kerala has also focused on skill development and vocational training, enabling its workforce to be more employable in various sectors.
- The state has a robust healthcare system, with a focus on providing accessible and quality healthcare services to its citizens.
- Kerala has implemented various social welfare schemes, ensuring the well-being and development of its population.
- The government has also encouraged entrepreneurship and innovation, promoting a culture of self-employment and job creation.
- Kerala's emphasis on human resource development has resulted in a skilled and educated workforce, contributing to the state's overall development.
Human Resource Development in Other States:
- Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra have also made efforts in human resource development but to a lesser extent compared to Kerala.
- These states have implemented various initiatives such as skill development programs and education reforms, but they do not have the same level of focus and investment as Kerala.
- While these states have made progress in certain areas of human resource development, they may lag behind Kerala in terms of overall development and outcomes.
Conclusion:
- Kerala stands out as a state that has prioritized human resource development through its investments in education, healthcare, and skill development.
- The state's focus on nurturing its human capital has resulted in a skilled and educated workforce, contributing to its overall development and prosperity.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 2
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In which state is the public distribution system responsible for the reduction in poverty?

Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 2
In which state is the public distribution system responsible for the reduction in poverty?
The answer is C. Both (a) and (b), which means that the public distribution system is responsible for the reduction in poverty in both Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Let's discuss this in detail:
1. Public Distribution System (PDS):
The Public Distribution System is a government-led initiative aimed at providing essential commodities to the economically disadvantaged population at affordable prices. It plays a significant role in poverty alleviation by ensuring food security and reducing hunger.
2. Andhra Pradesh:
- Andhra Pradesh has implemented various reforms in its PDS system to enhance its effectiveness.
- The state government has introduced biometric authentication through the use of electronic point of sale (ePoS) devices to ensure the proper targeting of beneficiaries and prevent leakages.
- These measures have resulted in improved efficiency and transparency in the distribution of essential commodities, leading to a reduction in poverty.
3. Tamil Nadu:
- Tamil Nadu has been recognized for its successful implementation of the PDS system.
- The state government provides a variety of essential commodities, including rice, wheat, sugar, and kerosene, at subsidized rates to its citizens.
- Tamil Nadu has also implemented various measures to eliminate corruption and ensure the efficient delivery of commodities to the intended beneficiaries.
- These efforts have contributed to the reduction in poverty in the state.
4. Both (a) and (b):
- Both Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have implemented effective PDS systems that have led to a reduction in poverty.
- The initiatives taken by these states, such as technological interventions, transparency, and efficient targeting, have improved the distribution of essential commodities to the economically disadvantaged segments of society.
In conclusion, both Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have successfully implemented public distribution systems that have played a crucial role in reducing poverty. These states have adopted various measures to enhance the efficiency, transparency, and targeting of beneficiaries, resulting in improved food security and reduced hunger among the economically disadvantaged population.
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Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 3
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Assertion (A): Different countries use different poverty lines because the cost of living and societal norms vary significantly across nations.

Reason (R): The determination of poverty lines is influenced by factors such as the level of development, cultural norms, and the cost of essential goods and services.

Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 3
  • The Assertion: The assertion that different countries use different poverty lines due to varying costs of living and societal norms is correct. Poverty lines are not universal and must reflect the unique economic and social conditions of each country.
  • The Reason: The reason that factors such as development level, cultural norms, and cost of essential goods influence poverty line determinations is also correct. These factors play a crucial role in setting poverty thresholds that align with the specific needs of each society.
  • Therefore: Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion, as the variations in cost of living, development levels, and societal norms directly impact the establishment of distinct poverty lines across different countries.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 4
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Social exclusion denies certain individuals the
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 4
Social exclusion is the process in which individuals or people are systematically blocked from (or denied full access to) various rights, opportunities and resources that are normally available to members of a different group, and which are fundamental to social integration and observance of human rights.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 5
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Which of the following is responsible for high poverty rates?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 5
High Poverty Rates: Causes
There are multiple factors that contribute to high poverty rates. The following is a detailed explanation of each cause:
Huge income inequalities:
- Income inequalities refer to the unequal distribution of wealth and resources among individuals or groups.
- When there is a significant gap between the rich and the poor, it leads to high poverty rates.
- The wealthy have access to better opportunities and resources, while the poor struggle to meet their basic needs.
- This disparity in income distribution contributes to a cycle of poverty.
Unequal distribution of land:
- Unequal distribution of land refers to the concentration of land ownership in the hands of a few individuals or groups.
- When a small portion of the population owns a significant portion of land, it limits access to land for the majority.
- Land is an essential resource for agriculture, housing, and livelihoods, and its unequal distribution can lead to poverty.
Lack of effective implementation of land reforms:
- Land reforms aim to address the issues of unequal land distribution and provide equitable access to land.
- However, the lack of effective implementation of land reform policies hinders their impact.
- Without proper implementation, the benefits of land reforms do not reach the marginalized and impoverished communities.
- This lack of implementation perpetuates the cycle of poverty and prevents sustainable development.
All the above:
- All the mentioned factors - huge income inequalities, unequal distribution of land, and lack of effective implementation of land reforms - contribute to high poverty rates.
- These factors are interconnected and reinforce each other, exacerbating the poverty situation.
- To effectively combat poverty, it is crucial to address all these causes collectively.
In conclusion, high poverty rates are primarily caused by huge income inequalities, unequal distribution of land, and the lack of effective implementation of land reforms. Addressing these factors requires comprehensive strategies and policies that aim to reduce income disparities, ensure equitable land distribution, and improve the implementation of land reform measures.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 6
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As per Planning Commission, minimum daily intake of calories for determining poverty line for rural area is
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 6

B is the correct option.The nutritional requirement recommends a national norm of “2,400” kilo calories a day for rural areas and 2,100 calories a day for urban areas, the difference being attributed to the lower rate of physical activity in urban areas.

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 7
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Vulnerability to poverty is determined by the options for finding an alternative living in terms of
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 7
  • Vulnerability to poverty is a measure which describes the greater probability of certain communities or individuals of becoming or remaining poor in the coming years.
  • Vulnerability is determined by the options available to different communities for finding an alternative living in terms of assets, education, health and job opportunities.
  • Vulnerability describes the greater probability of being more adversely affected than other people when bad times prevails for everybody, whether a flood or an earthquake or simply a shortage in the availability of jobs.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 8
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In which state has the high agricultural growth helped to reduce poverty?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 8
State with High Agricultural Growth and Reduced Poverty: Punjab
Explanation:
- Punjab is a state in northern India known for its high agricultural growth.
- The state has made significant progress in reducing poverty due to its focus on agricultural development.
- Here are the reasons why Punjab's agricultural growth has helped in reducing poverty:
- Green Revolution: Punjab became the epicenter of the Green Revolution in India during the 1960s and 1970s. This led to the adoption of modern farming techniques, including the use of high-yielding crop varieties, irrigation facilities, and chemical fertilizers, resulting in increased agricultural productivity.
- Increased Employment Opportunities: The agricultural sector in Punjab has created numerous employment opportunities, both directly and indirectly. Farmers, agricultural laborers, and workers in related industries have benefited from these opportunities, leading to a decrease in poverty levels.
- Improved Rural Infrastructure: The agricultural growth in Punjab has also led to the development of rural infrastructure, such as irrigation canals, roads, and storage facilities. This has improved connectivity and accessibility, benefiting farmers and facilitating the growth of the agricultural sector.
- Diversification of Crops: Punjab has diversified its crop production by promoting the cultivation of high-value crops like fruits, vegetables, and floriculture. This has provided additional income sources for farmers, reducing their reliance on traditional crops.
- Government Initiatives: The state government has implemented various initiatives to support agricultural growth and reduce poverty. These include providing subsidies for agricultural inputs, improving access to credit, and implementing social welfare programs targeted at farmers and rural communities.
- Overall, Punjab's high agricultural growth has played a crucial role in reducing poverty levels in the state, improving the standard of living for its rural population.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 9
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In which state have the land reform measures helped to reduce poverty?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 9

Land Reform Measures in West Bengal


Background:


- Land reform measures refer to policies and actions taken by governments to redistribute land ownership and provide land to landless farmers.
- These measures aim to alleviate poverty, reduce inequality, and promote agricultural development.

West Bengal:


- West Bengal is a state located in eastern India.
- It has been recognized for its successful implementation of land reform measures.

Impact on Poverty Reduction:


- The land reform measures implemented in West Bengal have played a crucial role in reducing poverty in the state.
- By redistributing land to landless farmers and implementing tenancy reforms, these measures have provided opportunities for marginalized communities to engage in agriculture and generate income.
- The land reforms have helped to break the cycle of poverty by empowering small and marginal farmers, enhancing their access to resources and credit, and improving their overall well-being.
- The increased agricultural productivity resulting from these reforms has also contributed to poverty reduction by creating employment opportunities and increasing rural incomes.

Other Benefits:


- In addition to poverty reduction, the land reform measures in West Bengal have also brought about other positive changes, such as:
- Reduction in income inequality
- Increased social and economic empowerment of women
- Improved access to education and healthcare
- Enhanced food security

Conclusion:


- The land reform measures implemented in West Bengal have been successful in reducing poverty, promoting agricultural development, and improving the overall well-being of the rural population.
- These measures serve as an example of how effective land reforms can contribute to poverty reduction and inclusive development in a state or country.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 10
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What is the main cause of poverty in India?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 10
Main causes of poverty in India:
1. High income inequalities:
- Income disparities between different social and economic groups contribute to poverty.
- Unequal distribution of wealth and resources leads to a significant portion of the population living in poverty.
- Limited access to education, healthcare, and basic amenities further exacerbate the problem.
2. Less job opportunities:
- Insufficient employment opportunities and underemployment are major contributors to poverty in India.
- The lack of suitable job opportunities forces many individuals to work in low-paying and informal sectors.
- Rapid urbanization and automation also lead to job displacement and reduced employment prospects.
3. High growth in population:
- India has a rapidly growing population, which puts pressure on resources and infrastructure.
- Limited availability of food, housing, and other essential resources due to population growth can lead to poverty.
- The increasing population also strains the government's ability to provide adequate social welfare programs and services.
4. Other factors:
- Inadequate access to quality education and healthcare.
- Gender and social inequalities, including discrimination against women and marginalized communities.
- Insufficient investment in agriculture and rural development.
- Lack of effective implementation of poverty alleviation programs and policies.
Conclusion:
Poverty in India is a complex issue with multiple causes. High income inequalities, less job opportunities, and high population growth are some of the key factors contributing to poverty. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach that includes equitable distribution of resources, promoting inclusive growth, investing in education and healthcare, and implementing effective poverty alleviation measures.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 11
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Choose the correctly matched pair.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 11
  • Option A: Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 - 200 days of wage employment. This is incorrect because the Act aims to provide 100 days of wage employment to every household, not 200.
  • Option B: Prime Minister Rozgar Yozana (PMRY) - Launched in 1995. This is incorrect because the PMRY was actually launched in 1993.
  • Option C: Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) - Launched in 1999. This is correct. The SGSY was indeed launched in 1999 to bring assisted poor families above the poverty line by organizing them into self-help groups.
  • Option D: Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) - Launched in 1993. This is incorrect because the REGP was launched in 1995, not 1993. Therefore, the correctly matched pair is Option C.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 12
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The poverty line in India for the year 2011-12 was fixed at Rs ______ per month for rural areas and Rs 1000 for urban areas.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 12
The poverty line in India for the year 2011-12 was set at Rs 816 per month for rural areas and Rs 1000 for urban areas, based on the necessary minimum levels for fulfilling basic needs like food, clothing, and more.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 13
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Assertion (A): The economic growth in India since the 1980s has shown a significant correlation with the reduction in poverty.

Reason (R): Higher economic growth rates provide the resources necessary for investments in human development, such as education, which helps in poverty reduction.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 13
  • In this case, both the Assertion and the Reason are true.
  • The economic growth in India has indeed been strongly linked to the reduction in poverty levels.
  • Higher economic growth rates provide the necessary resources to invest in human development, like education, which in turn helps in reducing poverty by creating more opportunities for individuals to improve their economic conditions.
  • Hence, the Reason provided is the correct explanation for the Assertion, as economic growth does widen opportunities and provide resources needed to invest in human development, ultimately aiding in poverty reduction.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 14
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Who are the poorest of the poor?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 14

Women, elderly people and female infants are the poorest of the poor is society. Women, elderly people and the girl child are systematically denied equal access to the resources available in the family. That is why they and considered the poorest of the poor.

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 15
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Poverty in India is illustrated through several dimensions:
(i) Every fifth person in India is poor, meaning roughly 270 million people.
(ii) Poverty is primarily an issue among urban populations where people work in low-paying jobs.
(iii) Poverty is characterized by high levels of literacy and access to quality education.
(iv) Poverty includes situations where children cannot attend school.
The correct statements are:
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 15
  • Statement (i) is correct, as it accurately reflects that roughly 270 million people in India are poor, which is about every fifth person.
  • Statement (ii) is incorrect because poverty is not limited to urban populations; it affects both urban and rural areas.
  • Statement (iii) is incorrect since poverty typically involves low literacy rates and limited access to education.
  • Statement (iv) is correct, as poverty often results in children being unable to attend school.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 16
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Which social group is most vulnerable to poverty in India?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 16

The correct option is D.
The social groups most vulnerable to poverty have been identified to be the scheduled caste households and the scheduled tribe households along with casual labourers groups having above average levels of poverty indicators in the rural and the urban population.

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 17
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Which organisation carries out survey for determining the poverty line?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 17
The poverty line is estimated periodically once in five years, by conducting sample surveys. These surveys are carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO). The World Bank uses it own uniform standard for the poverty line world over. 
For your information : The National Sample Survey Organisation or NSSO is an organization in the ministry of statistics of the Government of India. It is the largest surveying body in India, with a staff of round 10000. 
The major activities of the NSSO pertain to Survey Design, Field Operations, Processing of data collected and releasing of the results based on surveys. It also carries out surveys on unemployment and poverty. 

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 18
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Nutritional level of food energy is expressed in the form of
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 18
Nutritional level of food energy is expressed in the form of calories per day. Here is a detailed explanation of why this is the correct answer:
Calories per day:
- Calories are a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy provided by food.
- Nutritional level refers to the amount of energy a person requires from their diet to meet their daily needs.
- Expressing nutritional level in calories per day allows individuals to understand how much energy they are consuming and whether it aligns with their dietary requirements.
Wheat consumption:
- Wheat consumption is not a suitable measure of nutritional level as it only focuses on one specific type of food.
- Nutritional level should consider a variety of food sources to ensure a balanced diet.
Rice consumption per day:
- Similar to wheat consumption, rice consumption alone does not provide a comprehensive view of nutritional level.
- A healthy diet should include a variety of food groups to provide a range of nutrients.
None of the above:
- This option is incorrect as calories per day is the standard measure used to express the nutritional level of food energy.
In conclusion, the correct answer is A: calories per day, as it provides a comprehensive and standardized way of expressing the nutritional level of food energy.
Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 19
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Every _________ person in India is poor.
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 19

In the NCERT Class 9 chapter "Poverty As A Challenge," it states: "In India, about one-fourth of the population is poor."

Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 20
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In rural areas, which of the following are not poor?
Detailed Solution for Important Questions (1 mark): Poverty As A Challenge - Question 20

A cultivator with a land holding of 1 hectare or less than 2.5 acres is known as medium farmer. According to the government law, these farmers are not poor.

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