Important Questions (2 marks): Nazism & The Rise of Hitler - Class 9 MCQ

​The German parliament was known as the Reichstag between 1933 and 1945. The present name is Bundestag.

Topic in NCERT: Weimar Republic and Democratic Reforms

Line in NCERT: "Deputies were now elected to the German Parliament or Reichstag, on the basis of equal and universal votes cast by all adults including women."

The Tripartite Pact was signed in Berlin on September 27, 1940, by Germany, Italy, and Japan, formalizing the Axis Powers alliance. The pact was a defensive military alliance that required the signatories to assist each other if attacked by a nation not involved in the war. The pact's main purpose was to deter the United States from entering the war.

Topic in NCERT: Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Line in NCERT: "In September 1940, a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan, strengthening Hitler's claim to international power."

Article 48 of the Weimar Republic.

Article 48 of the Weimar Republic's constitution was considered harmful for the republic because it gave the president significant powers to impose emergency measures, suspend fundamental rights, and rule by decree. This concentration of power in the hands of the president undermined the democratic principles of the republic and contributed to its eventual downfall.

Topic in NCERT: Defects of the Weimar Constitution

Line in NCERT: "Another defect was Article 48, which gave the President the powers to impose emergency, suspend civil rights and rule by decree."

At 14, all boys had to join the Nazi youth organisation – Hitler Youth – where they learnt to worship war, glorify aggression and violence, condemn democracy, and hate Jews, communists, Gypsies and all those categorised as ‘undesirable’. After a period of rigorous ideological and physical training they joined the Labour Service, usually at the age of 18. Then they had to serve in the armed forces and enter one of the Nazi organisations.

Topic in NCERT: Nazi Youth Indoctrination

Line in NCERT: "At 14, all boys had to join the Nazi youth organisation - Hitler Youth - where they learnt to worship war, glorify aggression and violence, condemn democracy, and hate Jews, communists, Gypsies and all those categorised as 'undesirable'."

The National Socialist German Worker’s Party was also known as the Nazi Party. It was earlier called the German Workers Party but was renamed in 1920 after Hitler took over.

Topic in NCERT: The Rise of the Nazi Party

Line in NCERT: "This party came to be known as the Nazi Party."

Germany and the Austrian Empire fought against the Allies: Germany formed the Central Powers along with the Austrian Empire and fought against the Allied Powers, which included countries like France, Russia, and the United Kingdom, but was eventually defeated in November 1918.

Topic in NCERT: Birth of the Weimar Republic

Line in NCERT: "Germany, a powerful empire in the early years of the twentieth century, fought the First World War (1914-1918) alongside the Austrian empire and against the Allies (England, France and Russia.) All joined the war enthusiastically hoping to gain from a quick victory. [...] However the Allies, strengthened by the US entry in 1917, won, defeating Germany and the Central Powers in November 1918."

Nazis wanted only a society of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans’. They alone were considered ‘desirable’. Only they were seen as worthy of prospering and multiplying against all others who were classed as ‘undesirable’. This meant that even those Germans who were seen as impure or abnormal had no right to exist.

Topic in NCERT: Establishment of the Racial State

Line in NCERT: "the Nazis wanted only a society of ‘pure and healthy Nordic Aryans'. They alone were considered 'desirable'."

World War II was fought between the Axis powers and the Allied powers. The Axis powers comprised Germany, Italy and  Japan. The Allied powers comprised Britain and  France initially. However, later on, the  US joined the allied powers. Initially, the US didn’t join the war to avoid the losses it had faced after the first world war. However, while Japan was expanding towards the east, it bombed Pearl Harbour, the US naval base. This incident enraged the  USA, and it entered the war. The entry of the USA paved the way for the defeat of the axis powers. The USA concluded the Second World war by bombing Hiroshima in Japan.
Thus, both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Topic in NCERT: the Pacific War and the United States' Entry into World War II

Line in NCERT: "When Japan extended its support to Hitler and bombed the US base at Pearl Harbor, the US entered the Second World War."

Areas where Jews lived were known as ghettos. Ghettos were often enclosed districts that isolated Jews by separating Jewish communities from the non-Jewish population and from other Jewish communities. Germans established at least 1,143 ghettos in the occupied eastern territories.

Topic in NCERT: Stage 2: Ghettoisation 1940 - 1944

Line in NCERT: "They lived in separately marked areas called ghettos."

The other aspect of Hitler’s ideology was related to the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum, or living space. He believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement. This would enhance the area of the mother country while enabling the settlers on new lands to retain an intimate link with the place of their origin. It would also enhance the material resources and power of the German nation. 

Topic in NCERT: Lebensraum and Geopolitical Ideology

Line in NCERT: "The other aspect of Hitler's ideology related to the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum, or living space. He believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement. This would enhance the area of the mother country, while enabling the settlers on new lands to retain an intimate link with the place of their origin. It would also enhance the material resources and power of the German nation."