Indian Navy SSR Mock Test - 1 - Airforce X Y / Indian Navy SSR MCQ

The correct answer is "More than half of OECD countries are planning to use green budgeting tools to integrate green perspectives in recovery packages".
Key Points

• Let's have a look at the second line of the last paragraph:
  • "Preliminary results of an OECD survey show that over half of OECD countries plan to use green budgeting tools to integrate green perspectives in recovery packages."
• ​After a complete analysis of the above statement, it can be concluded that preliminary results of an OECD survey display that preliminary results of an OECD survey show that over half of OECD countries plan to use green budgeting tools to integrate green perspectives in recovery packages.
• Therefore, option 3 is the correct option here.

​​Important Points

• Let us see the meaning of "Budgeting":
  • Budgeting: the process of creating a plan to spend your money.
• Let us frame a sentence with the word "Budgeting":
  • Below is a simple framework for budgeting that we have broken-down into 11 main areas.

As the given passage is talking about respecting and preserving wildlife, the word ‘conservation’ fits correctly in the blank as it means ‘preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment and of wildlife’.
Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

The correct is "They were continuously asking Sabrina for diamonds."

Key Points

• Look at the basic rule for this type of conversion:
  • 

• Continuously is an adverb which will change its place, it's not part of the basic structure:
  • The adverb "continuously" will be before the "being".
• Look at the example:
  • Passive: I was desperately being asked for money.
  • Active: They were desperately asking me for money.
• Hence, the correct answer is: they were continuously asking Sabrina for diamonds.

Here, the erroneous part is 'more angry.'

Key Points

• The error lies in the part "more angry" of the sentence.
• The presence of the word 'than' after the blank shows that there must be a comparative degree of the word 'angry.'
• Now, 'angry' is an adjective that has two syllables.
• "‐y" is changed to "‐i".
• We usually add –er to two-syllable words to make a comparative degree.
• The comparative degree of 'angry' is 'angrier.'
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.
  ​

Correct sentence: Subha looked angrier than ever she had seen him before.

The correct answer is 'comfort'.

Key Points

• Let us see the meaning of console:
  • Console (Verb): comfort (someone) at a time of grief or disappointment (दुःख या निराशा के समय आराम (कोई)).
    • Example: He tried to console her, but she kept saying it was all her own fault.
• Let us see the meanings of the given options:

• From the meanings of the given words, we can say that the word 'comfort' is similar in meaning to the word 'console​'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'comfort'.

Additional Information

• Let us see the synonym of the given options:

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. He said to Rima, "Do you speak Spanish fluently?"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Indirect Speech. As per the given directions, we have to change it into Direct Speech.
• As we have to transform the given sentence into an interrogative sentence, the process of transformation is as follows:
• The conjunction 'if' will be removed and comma and inverted commas will be added.
• In the direct speech 'asked' will be changed into 'said to' because reporting verb has an object, 'Rima.'
• The direct speech will begin like 'He said to Rima​.'
• Now, let's focus on the reported speech.
• The pronoun 'she' will be changed into 'you.'
• The simple past tense 'spoke' will be changed into the simple present tense 'speak.'
• Here, 'she spoke Spanish fluently' is an assertive sentence and will be changed into an interrogative sentence i.e., 'Do you speak Spanish fluently?'
• Finally, the result is: He said to Rima, "Do you speak Spanish fluently?"
• ​So, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct Sentence: He said to Rima, "Do you speak Spanish fluently?"

The correct answer is, 'Sameer said that he was very busy then'.

Key Points

• When the words of the original speaker is expressed by a different person, it is called indirect speech.
• If reporting verb in a past tense, the tenses in the reported speech is changed to corresponding past tense.
  • ​1st and 2nd person in the reporting speech is changed to 3rd person in the reported speech.
    • 1st and 2nd person pronouns- I, we, you.
    • 3rd person pronouns- he, she, they, it.
  • If the reporting verb is in past tense then the words denoting nearness of time, place in the reporting speech is changed to corresponding words denoting remoteness or distance.
    • this/ that is changed to these/ those.
    • now is changed to then.
    • today/ tonight is changed to that day/ that night.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct sentence is -'Sameer said that he was very busy then'.

The correct answer is "won"

Key Points

• The sentence says that despite being shot by the Taliban, Malala Yousafzai stood up for women's education and won the Nobel Prize. The underlined phrasal verb "bore away" means "won".
• So, in this sentence, the phrasal verb "bore away" is used to express the idea of winning the Nobel Prize.
• "The phrasal verb "bore away" is used to express the idea of winning something.
  • Example: "Despite a difficult competition, the athlete bore away the gold medal."

• A substitute for this phrasal verb could be "won", which means the same thing. So, the sentence could read like this: "Despite being shot by the Taliban, Malala Yousafzai stood up for women's education and won the Nobel Prize."

• Thus, the correct answer is "Won".

Correct answer: Won

The correct answer is 'There is a bed to lie in'.

Key Points

• The above sentence is in passive voice since it emphasizes the action or object of the sentence.
• The above sentence is a special kind of sentence that is asked in exams and it needs to be learned as it is.
• If the sentence is of the form 'to + verb', then this rule is followed:
  • Active voice: There is a bed to lie in.
  • Passive voice: There is a bed to be lain in.
• The tense remains the same as the passive voice.
• Here, the simple present tense is used.
  

Additional Information​

• Only sentences with the transitive verb can be converted into passive voice and not the ones with an intransitive verb.
• A transitive verb needs an object to complete its meaning. For example: He answered the questions confidently. (subject + verb + object)
• The intransitive verb does not have an object. For example: He answered confidently. (subject + verb)
  

Correct sentence: "There is a bed to lie in".

CONCEPT:

• The carrier wave may be continuous (sinusoidal) or in the form of pulses.
• A sinusoidal carrier wave can be represented as,

⇒ c(t) = Acsin (ωct + ϕ)

Where c(t) = signal strength (voltage or current), Ac = amplitude, ωc = angular frequency and ϕ = initial phase of the carrier wave

• During the process of modulation, any of the three parameters, viz Ac, ωc, and ϕ of the carrier wave can be controlled by the message or information signal.
• This results in three types of modulation:
  • Amplitude modulation (AM)
  • Frequency modulation (FM)
  • Phase modulation (PM)
• Similarly, the significant characteristics of a pulse are pulse amplitude, pulse duration or pulse width, and pulse position (denoting the time of rise or fall of the pulse amplitude).

Hence, different types of pulse modulation are:

• Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)
• Pulse duration modulation (PDM) or pulse width modulation (PWM)
• Pulse position modulation (PPM)

EXPLANATION:

Mixing up of signals from different transmitters:

• Another important argument against transmitting baseband signals directly is more practical in nature.
• Suppose many people are talking at the same time or many transmitters are transmitting baseband information signals simultaneously.
• All these signals will get mixed up and there is no simple way to distinguish between them.
• This points out a possible solution by using communication at high frequencies and allotting a band of frequencies to each message signal for its transmission.
• The above arguments suggest that there is a need for translating the original low-frequency baseband message or information signal into a high-frequency wave before transmission such that the translated signal continues to possess the information contained in the original signal.
• In doing so, we take the help of a high-frequency signal, known as the carrier wave, and a process known as modulation which attaches information to it.

• We know that the significant characteristics of a pulse are pulse amplitude, pulse duration or pulse width, and pulse position (denoting the time of rise or fall of the pulse amplitude). Hence, option 4 is correct.

Concept:

• A greenhouse is a glass building that provides optimum temperature for plants to grow in cold climates.
• The glass traps the heat inside to keep it warm.
• Greenhouse gases act in a very similar way for our atmosphere in trapping the heat.
• These gases present in the atmosphere absorbs the infrared radiation and re-emits the heat back to the surface.
• 50% of the heat is lost to space and rest 50% comes back to the Earth's surface.
• This keeps the average temperature of Earth inhabitable.
• This phenomenon is called greenhouse effect.

Important Points

• The primary greenhouse gases include:
  • water vapour
  • carbon dioxide (CO₂)
  • methane (CH₄)
  • nitrous oxide (N₂O)
• Various human activities like burning of fossil fuels has led to a significant increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the past two centuries.
• This has in turn led to the global warming which is a global concern for life on Earth.
• Global warming causes increase in global average temperature, melting of polar ice, increase of sea-level, etc.

Additional Information

• Oxygen (O₂) may indirectly cause greenhouse effect by forming ozone (O₃) in the lower atmosphere, which may then act as a secondary greenhouse gas.

The correct answer is Methanoic Acid.

Key Points

• Nettle stings or bee-sting have methanoic acid commonly called formic acid (HCOOH).
• The leaves and young stems of this herbaceous plant are fitted with stinging hairs tipped with formic acid and other irritants.
• If touched, these needle-like hairs inject the stinging acid into the skin, triggering a burning, tingling sensation and an itchy rash.

So, the bee sting contains methanoic acid that causes pain and irritation.

Additional Information

• Tartaric Acid:
  • It is a white crystalline organic acid found in many fruits including grapes, tamarind, apricots, avocados, and banana.
    It naturally develops in the process of winemaking.
    It is mostly used with baking soda as a flavoring agent to enhance foods.
• Ethanoic Acid:
  • Chemical formula:- CH3COOH.
  • IUPAC name:- Ethanoic acid
  • Anhydrous Acetic acid is called Glacial Acetic acid.
  • Its crystals are obtained at a temperature slightly lower than 16.7°C.
• Citric acid:
  • The fruits containing citric acid are termed citrus fruits. eg: lemon, orange, grapefruit, etc.
  • These are sour in taste and are a good source of Vitamin C, thus helping in preventing the disease caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C, i.e., Scurvy.

The correct answer is Nitric acid oxidizes hydrogen gas formed in the reaction.

Concept:

Chemical properties of metals:

• The metal reacts with oxygen to form metal oxide.
  • Metal + Oxygen → Metal oxide
• The metal reacts with an acid to form a salt.
  • Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas
• Metals react with water to form oxides or hydroxides.
  • Metal + water → Metal oxide/ hydroxide
• Metals do not react with alkalis.
  • Metal + Alkali → No reaction

Explanation:

• Metals react with dilute acids to form salt and hydrogen gas.
• The reaction between zinc metal and dilute HCl can be represented by the following equation:
  • Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq.) → ZnCl₂ (aq.) + H₂ (g)
• But when dilute HCl is replaced by nitric acid i.e., HNO₃, different products are formed.
• The reaction between zinc metal and dilute HNO3 can be represented by the following equation:
  • Zn + 4HNO₃ → Zn(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O + 2NO₂↑
• Hydrogen gas is not evolved when a metal reacts with nitric acid.
• It is because HNO₃ is a strong oxidizing agent.
• It oxidizes the H₂ produced into the water and itself gets reduced to any of the nitrogen oxides (N₂O, NO, NO₂).

Explanation:-

Mirror:

• Spherical mirrors are polished surfaces that act as reflecting materials.
• They are of two kinds convex and concave.
• The concave mirror is converging in nature.
• The convex mirror is diverging in nature.

Lenses:

• Lenses act as both the reflecting surface and a medium of refraction.
• There are two kinds of lenses- concave and convex.
• The concave lens is diverging in nature.
• The convex lens is converging in nature.

Reflection: The phenomenon of bouncing back of visible light when it strikes a plane surface is called reflection.

Laws of reflection:​

• The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal at the point of the incident all lie in the same plane.
• The angle of incident is equal to the angle of reflection.

Refraction: The bending of the light rays when it enters from a denser to rarer or rarer to denser medium is called refraction.

Laws of refraction:

• The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at the point of the incident all lie in the same plane.
• The sine of the angle of incident is equal to the sine of the angle of refraction. (snell's law)

Shadow:- It is the area where the light can't reach is called shadow

Concept:

• It's a type of mirror that is bent towards the inwards side in the middle.
• The angle of incidence in the concave mirror is not the same as the angle of reflection.
• The angle of reflection depends on the area on which the light hits.

Properties of Concave Mirrors:

• Light after reflection converges at a point.
• Hence, it is also termed a converging mirror.
• When it's placed very near to the object, a magnified and virtual image is observed.
• If we increase the distance between the object and the mirror, diminished and a real image is formed.

Explanation:

• When an object is placed between the center of curvature and the principal focus, its image is formed beyond the center of curvature.

• In this case, the image formed is real, enlarged, and inverted.

Additional InformationApplications of Concave Mirrors:

• Shaving mirrors
• Optical instruments
• Astronomical telescopes
• Headlights of vehicles
• Solar furnaces

Explanation:

• From Newton's first law of motion, we know that a moving object will continue to move unless an external force is applied.
• Here, for our case, an object of mass 5 kg is sliding with a constant velocity of 12 m/s on a frictionless horizontal table hence no external force is applied to the object.
• Therefore no force is required to keep the object moving with the same velocity.
• Hence 0 N is the correct option.

Mistake Points

• The surface on which the object is moving must be horizontal and frictionless, otherwise frictional and gravitational force will also come into play.

Important Points

• If we need to change the speed and direction of the object then we need to apply some external force.

The correct option is A.
sodium is located in group 1, which means that it has 1
valence electron. This valence electron is located in sodium's third energy shell

CONCEPT:

• Elastomers: The substances that can be stretched to cause large strains are called elastomers.
  • Examples are the tissue of the aorta, rubber, etc.
• These materials do not obey Hooke’s law over most of the region.
• A typical stress-strain graph of an elastomer is given below:

Here we can clearly see that curve is not linear. To follow Hooke's law it is necessary that the curve should be in straight line.

EXPLANATION:

• Option 1: Plastic materials are the materials which when deformed does not return to their original state or show permanent deformation.
• Option 2: Elastic materials are the material which after deformation can regain their original shape and size.
• Option 3: The materials that can be stretched to cause large strains are called elastomers.
• So the correct answer is option 3.

Explanation:

• Hydrocarbon fuel is fuel that is derived from a hydrocarbon, which includes gasoline and jet fuel.
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons give a yellow flame with lots of black smoke while saturated hydrocarbons give a clean flame.
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that have double or triple covalent bonds between adjacent carbon atoms.
• The colour of the flame is yellow because of the presence of unburnt carbon particles.

Thus, On burning hydrocarbon fuels, we see a yellow flame with lots of black smoke, which indicates that the fuel is made of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Additional Information

• Saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds.

Given:

Two matrices A and B of same order is given.

Concept Used:

A' = A, then A will be a symmetric matrix,

A' = - A, then A will be a skew- symmetric matrix.

Solution:

We have,

(AB' - BA') if we calculate (AB' - BA')'

⇒ (AB' - BA')' = (AB')' - (BA')'

⇒ (AB' - BA')' = (B')' A' - (A')' B' {(AB)' = B'A'}

⇒ (AB' - BA')" = B A' - A B' {(A')' = A}

⇒ (AB' - BA')' = - (AB' - BA')

Hence (AB' - BA') is skew-symmetric matrix.

$\therefore$ Option 1 is correct.

Concept used:

A matrix X is said to be involutory if

Calculations:

A =

then

Hence Matrix A is involutory.

Concept:

The area under the curve y = f(x) between x = a and x = b, is given by, Area = ${\int }_{\mathrm{a}}^{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{x}$

ln(a)^m = m ln (a)

Calculation:

Here, y = tan x

Hence, option (2) is correct.

Explanation:

Event "P or Q" contains the outcomes of P, the outcomes of Q and the outcomes which are in both P and Q,

So, the total outcomes in event "P or Q" = P + Q + (P and Q)

⇒ Event “P or Q” is represented by P ∪ Q

∴ The correct option is (3).

 Additional Information

The following events indicate the following:

• P ∩ Q' = "P and not Q"
• P ∩ Q = "P and Q"
• P ∪ Q = "P or Q"
• P' ∩ Q = "not P and Q"

Given:

⇒ 2log(x+3) = log81

Concept used:

a log(b) = log(b)^a

Calculation:

Here,

⇒ 2log(x+3) = log81

⇒ log(x + 3)² = log81

⇒ (x + 3)² = 81

⇒ (x + 3) =

x + 3 = 9

x = 9 - 3 = 6

∴ x = 6

Concept:

1) The critical point of a function is the point where its first derivative is 0.

2) A function has minima if its second derivative at a critical point is greater than 0.

Calculation:

The given equation of the curve is x2 – 8x + 17.

Let f(x) = x2 – 8x + 17

∴ f'(x) = 2x - 8

For critical point, put f'(x) = 0

⇒ 2x - 8 = 0

⇒ x = 4

f''(x) = 2 > 0 hence f(x) has minima at x = 4.

∴ Minimum value of f(x) = f(4)

f(4) = 4² - 8 × 4 + 17 = 1

∴ The minimum value of x2 – 8x + 17 is 1.

The correct answer is option 3.

Concept:

• Coefficient of (r + 1)^th term in the expansion of (1 + x)^r is ⁿC_rx^r.
• We know that .

Calculation:

The coefficient of rth term in the expansion of (1 + x)14 is 14Cr-1

Coefficient of (r + 1)^th term in the expansion of (1 + x)¹⁴ is ¹⁴C_r

Coefficient of (r + 2)^th term in the expansion of (1 + x)14 is 14Cr+1

Given the coefficient of rth, (r + 1)th and (r + 2)th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)14 are in A.P.

⇒ 2(14Cr ) = 14Cr-1 + 14Cr+1

Rewriting the equation.

⇒  = 2.

We know that

⇒

⇒

⇒ 2r² - 28r + 210 - 2(15 - r)(r + 1) = 0

⇒ 4r² - 56r + 180 = 0

⇒ r² - 14r + 45 = 0

⇒ (r - 5)(r - 9) = 0

⇒ r = 5 or r = 9

The required value of r is 5 or 9.

The correct answer is INS Vishal.

Important Points

• INS Vishal is a designed aircraft carrier for the Indian Navy that Cochin Shipyard Limited will construct. It is also renowned as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 2 (IAC-2).
• This proposed carrier, to be named INS Vishal, is intended to be a giant 65,000-tonne vessel, much bigger than IAC-1 and the INS Vikramaditya.
• An Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) CATOBAR system is also under consideration.

Additional Information

• An aircraft carrier is "a large ship that carries military aircraft and has a long, flat surface where they take off and land.
  • These floating air bases are equipped with a full-length flight deck capable of carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft.
• Aircraft Carrier in India:
  • INS Vikrant (decommissioned): Beginning with INS Vikrant which served India from 1961 to 1997.
  • INS Viraat (decommissioned): INS Vikrant was followed by the Centaur-class carrier HMS (Her Majesty's Ship) Hermes, which was rechristened in India as INS Viraat and served in the Indian Navy from 1987 to 2016.
  • INS Vikramaditya: It is the Indian Navy’s largest aircraft carrier and warship converted from the Russian Navy’s decommissioned Admiral Gorshkov/Baku.
  • INS Vikrant: In order to commemorate the legacy of INS Vikrant (decommissioned), the First IAC will be named as INS Vikrant.

According to the English alphabets and their positional values:

The pattern followed in the given codes is:
Sum of positional values of each alphabet in the word = Code


Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "option (4)".

The correct answer is Indo-Pak war 1971.

Key Points

• Indo-Pak war 1971 was the part of Bangladesh Liberation war.
• This war started on December 3, 1971, and ended on December 16, 1971.
• It is one of the shortest wars in history that lasted for 13 days.
• Vijay Diwas is observed on 16th December every year to mark India's victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war.
• On 16th December 1971, the chief of the Pakistani forces with 93,000 soldiers had surrendered unconditionally to the allied forces consisting of the Indian Army and Mukti Bahini in Dhaka.

Additional Information

• The Indo-Pak War of 1947–1948, sometimes known as the First Kashmir War, was an armed conflict that was fought between India and Pakistan over the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir from 1947 to 1948.
• The second Indo-Pak war began on 5th August 1965. This war was fought over Kashmir and was initiated by Pakistan when between 26000 and 33000 Pakistani troops dressed as locals crossed over to the Indian side of the Line of Control (LOC). The war ended on 23 September 1965.
• The Kargil war took place between May and July of 1999 in Jammu and Kashmir's Kargil district.

The correct answer is Pakistan.

Key Points

• Sri Lanka defeated Pakistan by 23 runs to win the 6th Asia Cup.
• Sri Lanka, defending the target of 171 runs, bowled out Pakistan for 147 runs in 20 overs.
• Hasaranga won the Player of the Series award for his all-around performance in the entire Asia Cup 2022 in UAE.
• Haris Rauf bowled brilliantly against Sri Lanka in the final of the Asia Cup.
  • He took three wickets for 29 runs in 4 overs.
• Pramod Madushan was a very unknown name on the Sri Lankan team before the tournament.
  • But he performed brilliantly in the Asia Cup and caught everyone's attention, in the final match, he took 4 wickets for 34 runs in 4 overs.

Additional Information

• Asia Cup
  • The 2022 Asia Cup was the 15th edition of the Asia Cup cricket tournament, with matches played as Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) during August and September 2022 in the United Arab Emirates.
  • Host(s) - UAE
  • Champions - Sri Lanka (6th title)
  • Runners-up - Pakistan
  • Participants - 6
  • Matches - 13
  • Player of the series - Wanindu Hasaranga (Sri Lanka)
  • Most runs - Pakistan Mohammad Rizwan (281)
  • Most wickets - India Bhuvneshwar Kumar (11)