Knowledge Package - 13 - SSC CHSL MCQ

Rabindranath Tagore returned the Knighthood conferred on him by the British Government in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
Reasons for Returning the Knighthood:
- Tagore was deeply disturbed and outraged by the brutal incident of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, where hundreds of innocent Indians were killed by British forces.
- He considered the massacre to be a grave violation of human rights and an act of tyranny.
- Tagore believed that by returning the Knighthood, he could express his strong dissent and disapproval of the British government's actions.
Impact and Significance:
- Tagore's decision to return the Knighthood received widespread attention and support, both within India and internationally.
- It became a symbol of protest against British atrocities and inspired many others to stand up against colonial rule.
- Tagore's act highlighted the moral responsibility of individuals and the importance of speaking out against injustice.
- It also emphasized the power of symbolic gestures in conveying a message and rallying public opinion.
Legacy:
- Tagore's protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and his decision to return the Knighthood solidified his position as a prominent figure in India's struggle for independence.
- His actions demonstrated his unwavering commitment to the principles of justice, freedom, and human dignity.
- Tagore's legacy as a poet, philosopher, and social reformer continues to inspire generations in their fight against oppression and injustice.

Retirement Age of High Court Judges
The retirement age of High Court judges varies from country to country. In India, the retirement age of High Court judges is as follows:
A: 60 years
- This option is incorrect as it is not the retirement age of High Court judges in India.
B: 62 years
- This option is correct. The retirement age of High Court judges in India is 62 years.
C: 65 years
- This option is incorrect as it is not the retirement age of High Court judges in India.
D: 70 years
- This option is incorrect as it is not the retirement age of High Court judges in India.
In conclusion, the correct answer is B: 62 years. The retirement age of High Court judges in India is 62 years.

Apparatus used to measure blood pressure:
- Sphygmomanometer: This is the correct apparatus used to measure blood pressure. It consists of several components, including:
- Cuff: A fabric wrap that is placed around the upper arm to apply pressure to the brachial artery.

- Inflatable bulb: A rubber bulb that is squeezed to inflate the cuff and apply pressure to the artery.

- Pressure gauge: A device that measures the pressure in the cuff, typically in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

- Stethoscope: A tool used to listen to the sounds of blood flow through the brachial artery. It is placed over the artery just below the cuff.
Other options:
- Hygrometer: A hygrometer is a device used to measure humidity or moisture in the air, and it is not used to measure blood pressure.
- Chronometer: A chronometer is a timekeeping device that is highly accurate and often used in navigation or scientific experiments, but it is not used to measure blood pressure.
- Thermometer: A thermometer is used to measure body temperature or the temperature of an object, and it is not used to measure blood pressure.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: Sphygmomanometer.

Renowned Dancer and Establishment of Kalakshetra School
Introduction:
Kalakshetra is a renowned classical dance school located in Adyar, near Chennai, India. It was established in 1931 by Rukmini Devi Arundale, an eminent dancer and visionary.
Founder:
Rukmini Devi Arundale is the dancer who established the classical dance school 'Kalakshetra' in 1931. She was a prominent figure in the field of Bharatanatyam and contributed significantly to its revival and promotion.
Key Points:
Here are some key points regarding Rukmini Devi Arundale and her establishment of Kalakshetra:
1. Rukmini Devi Arundale:
- Rukmini Devi Arundale was born on February 29, 1904, in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
- She was trained in ballet and other dance forms in Europe and became a disciple of legendary dancer Anna Pavlova.
- Inspired by Indian culture and traditions, Rukmini Devi Arundale dedicated her life to the promotion of Indian classical dance forms, particularly Bharatanatyam.
2. Revival of Bharatanatyam:
- During the early 20th century, Bharatanatyam faced criticism and was considered inappropriate for public performance.
- Rukmini Devi Arundale played a crucial role in reviving Bharatanatyam and transforming it into a respectable art form.
- She worked to remove the stigma associated with Bharatanatyam and presented it as a refined and sophisticated dance style.
3. Establishment of Kalakshetra:
- In 1931, Rukmini Devi Arundale founded Kalakshetra, a cultural academy dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Indian arts and culture.
- The campus of Kalakshetra is located in Adyar, Chennai, and it encompasses various art forms, including dance, music, painting, sculpture, and crafts.
- The aim of Kalakshetra is to provide holistic education in the arts, emphasizing the integration of physical, intellectual, and spiritual aspects.
4. Contributions and Legacy:
- Rukmini Devi Arundale's efforts in popularizing Bharatanatyam and establishing Kalakshetra were instrumental in shaping the future of Indian classical dance.
- She choreographed numerous dance productions, blending traditional elements with contemporary themes.
- Rukmini Devi Arundale's contributions were recognized and honored with several awards and accolades, both in India and internationally.
- Kalakshetra continues to be a prominent institution for learning Indian classical arts, attracting students and artists from around the world.
In conclusion, Rukmini Devi Arundale, a renowned dancer and visionary, established the classical dance school 'Kalakshetra' at Adyar near Chennai in 1931. Her contributions to the revival and promotion of Bharatanatyam, along with the establishment of Kalakshetra, have left a lasting impact on Indian classical dance and cultural education.

Kudremukh Hills and the Mineral Mines
- Kudremukh Hills: Kudremukh Hills, located in the state of Karnataka, India, are known for their scenic beauty and rich natural resources. The name "Kudremukh" literally translates to "Horse face" in the local language, Kannada. The hills derived this name due to their resemblance to the face of a horse.

- Mines in Kudremukh: The Kudremukh hills are famous for their mines, which extract a specific mineral. The mineral mined extensively in this region is iron ore. Iron ore is a crucial raw material in the production of steel and is widely used in various industries.
- Importance of Iron Ore: Iron ore is an essential mineral used in the manufacturing of steel. It is a key ingredient in the production of various products, including automobiles, machinery, construction materials, and appliances. The demand for iron ore is high globally, making it a valuable resource.
- Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Limited (KIOCL): Kudremukh also became well-known for the Kudremukh Iron Ore Company Limited (KIOCL). KIOCL was a government-owned company that operated the iron ore mines in the Kudremukh region. The company was established in 1976 and played a significant role in the extraction and export of iron ore.
- Environmental Concerns: However, it is important to note that the mining activities in Kudremukh had significant environmental impacts. The mining operations caused deforestation and habitat destruction, leading to the displacement of wildlife. As a result, in 2006, the Supreme Court of India ordered the closure of mining operations in the Kudremukh region to protect the environment.
In conclusion, the Kudremukh hills in Karnataka are famous for their iron ore mines. The extraction and export of iron ore from this region have played a crucial role in the steel industry. However, it is essential to balance economic development with environmental conservation to ensure sustainable mining practices.

Ghatigaon Sanctuary Location:

• State: Madhya Pradesh


• Purpose: Conservation of the Son Chiriya (great Indian bustard)

The Ghatigaon Sanctuary is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It was established with the primary aim of conserving the Son Chiriya, also known as the great Indian bustard. Here are some key points about the sanctuary:

About Ghatigaon Sanctuary:

• The Ghatigaon Sanctuary is spread across an area of about 512.87 square kilometers.


• It is situated in the Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh.


• The sanctuary is known for its rich biodiversity and is home to various species of flora and fauna.


• One of the main objectives of the sanctuary is the conservation and protection of the Son Chiriya, which is a critically endangered bird species.


• The Son Chiriya, or great Indian bustard, is one of the heaviest flying birds in the world and is listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).


• The sanctuary provides a suitable habitat for the Son Chiriya, with its grasslands and scrub vegetation.


• Various conservation measures and initiatives are taken within the sanctuary to ensure the survival and protection of the Son Chiriya.


• Visitors to the sanctuary can also observe other wildlife species such as blackbuck, chinkara, Indian fox, Indian wolf, and various species of reptiles and birds.


• The Ghatigaon Sanctuary offers opportunities for nature enthusiasts, birdwatchers, and wildlife photographers to appreciate and study the unique biodiversity of the region.

Overall, the Ghatigaon Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh plays a crucial role in the conservation of the Son Chiriya and contributes to the preservation of India's natural heritage.

Author of the novel 'Q & A'
- The novel 'Q & A' was authored by Vikas Swarup.
Relation to the film 'Slumdog Millionaire'
- The film 'Slumdog Millionaire' is based on the novel 'Q & A'.
Oscar awards won by 'Slumdog Millionaire' (2008)
- 'Slumdog Millionaire' won a total of 8 Oscar awards.
Options and correct answer
- A: Vikas Swarup
- B: Vikram Seth
- C: Amitav Ghosh
- D: Aravind Adiga
- The correct answer is A: Vikas Swarup.
Explanation
- The novel 'Q & A', written by Indian civil servant Vikas Swarup, served as the basis for the film 'Slumdog Millionaire'.
- Vikas Swarup's novel tells the story of a young man from the slums of Mumbai who participates in the Indian version of the game show 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'.
- The film adaptation, directed by Danny Boyle, became a critical and commercial success, winning 8 Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
- It is important to note that the other options listed (B: Vikram Seth, C: Amitav Ghosh, D: Aravind Adiga) are well-known Indian authors but are not associated with the novel 'Q & A' or the film 'Slumdog Millionaire'.

The only bird that can fly backwards is the Hummingbird.

Here is a detailed explanation:

• Hummingbirds are known for their unique flying abilities, including the ability to fly backwards.


• Hummingbirds have specialized wing joints that allow them to rotate their wings in a way that creates lift on both the upstroke and the downstroke.


• This enables them to hover in mid-air, fly forwards, backwards, and even upside down.


• Their wings beat at an incredibly fast rate of up to 80 times per second, which allows them to hover and maneuver with precision.


• They are the smallest of all bird species, with some species weighing less than a penny.


• Hummingbirds are native to the Americas and are found from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego.


• They are known for their vibrant colors, with males often having iridescent feathers that reflect light in different hues.


• Hummingbirds primarily feed on nectar from flowers and are important pollinators.


• They have a high metabolism and need to consume a large amount of nectar to fuel their energy-intensive flight.


• Hummingbirds also eat small insects and spiders for additional protein.


• They build tiny cup-shaped nests using materials such as plant fibers, moss, and spider silk.


• Female hummingbirds lay tiny eggs that are about the size of a jelly bean.


• Hummingbirds are remarkable creatures that have fascinated people for centuries with their incredible flying abilities.

So, the correct answer is D: Hummingbird.

'Chanderi' and 'Maheshwari' sarees are native of which state?
The native state of 'Chanderi' and 'Maheshwari' sarees is Madhya Pradesh.
Explanation:
- 'Chanderi' and 'Maheshwari' are two popular types of sarees known for their exquisite craftsmanship and unique weaving techniques.
- These sarees have a rich cultural heritage and are woven by skilled artisans in the Chanderi and Maheshwar regions of Madhya Pradesh.
- Chanderi sarees are made in the town of Chanderi, located in the Ashoknagar district of Madhya Pradesh. They are known for their lightweight texture, sheer transparency, and intricate traditional designs.
- Maheshwari sarees are produced in the town of Maheshwar, situated in the Khargone district of Madhya Pradesh. These sarees are characterized by their distinctive reversible borders, vibrant colors, and elegant patterns.
- Both Chanderi and Maheshwari sarees are highly sought after for their fine quality, intricate motifs, and traditional weaving techniques.
- These sarees reflect the rich cultural heritage and artistic skills of the weavers of Madhya Pradesh.
- Over the years, Chanderi and Maheshwari sarees have gained popularity not only in India but also internationally, making them a pride of Madhya Pradesh's textile industry.
Therefore, the native state of 'Chanderi' and 'Maheshwari' sarees is Madhya Pradesh.

Quinine, the anti-malaria drug, is made from the bark of which tree?
Quinine, the anti-malaria drug, is made from the bark of the Cinchona tree. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Cinchona tree:
- Quinine is extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree, which is native to the Andean region of South America.
- The Cinchona tree belongs to the Rubiaceae family and is known for its medicinal properties.
- It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to treat fever and malaria.
2. Extraction process:
- The bark of the Cinchona tree contains alkaloids, including quinine.
- The extraction process involves harvesting the bark and grinding it into a powder.
- The powder is then mixed with a solvent, such as water or alcohol, to extract the quinine.
- The extract is further purified and processed to obtain the final quinine product.
3. Anti-malarial properties:
- Quinine has been used as an effective treatment for malaria for centuries.
- It is known for its ability to kill the malaria parasite in the bloodstream, preventing its replication and spread.
- Quinine is particularly effective against the malaria parasite species Plasmodium falciparum, which is responsible for the most severe form of malaria.
4. Other uses:
- In addition to its anti-malarial properties, quinine has also been used to treat leg cramps and muscle spasms.
- It is sometimes used as a bitter flavoring agent in beverages, such as tonic water.
5. Synthetic alternatives:
- While quinine is still used in some cases, synthetic anti-malarial drugs have largely replaced it due to their improved effectiveness and reduced side effects.
- However, quinine continues to be an important treatment option in certain situations, such as when the malaria parasite is resistant to other drugs.
Therefore, quinine, the anti-malaria drug, is made from the bark of the Cinchona tree.

Titan, the only moon with a dense atmosphere
- Titan is a moon in our solar system and is known for having a dense atmosphere, making it unique among all the natural satellites.
- The dense atmosphere of Titan is primarily composed of nitrogen, with smaller amounts of methane and other hydrocarbons.
- This atmosphere is thicker than Earth's atmosphere and creates a greenhouse effect, trapping heat and making Titan the only moon with stable liquid on its surface.
- The presence of this atmosphere has made Titan an intriguing target for scientific exploration, as it provides a unique environment for studying organic chemistry and the potential for life.
- The atmosphere of Titan has been studied extensively by the Cassini spacecraft, which orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017.
- During its mission, Cassini provided valuable data about the composition and dynamics of Titan's atmosphere, as well as its surface features such as lakes, rivers, and dunes.
- The study of Titan's atmosphere has also provided insights into the early Earth and the conditions that may have existed before the development of life.
- Titan is the largest moon of the planet Saturn, and it is roughly 50% larger than Earth's moon.
- It is the second-largest moon in the solar system, after Ganymede, which orbits Jupiter.
- Titan's large size and dense atmosphere make it an interesting target for future exploration and potential colonization missions.

Introduction:
The dynasty founded by Mauryan senapati Pushyamitra, which was the immediate successor of the Maurya dynasty, was the Shunga dynasty.
Explanation:
The Shunga dynasty was established by Pushyamitra Shunga, who was the commander-in-chief of the last Mauryan emperor, Brihadratha. Here is a detailed explanation of the Shunga dynasty:
1. Rise of Pushyamitra Shunga:
- Pushyamitra Shunga assassinated Brihadratha and seized power.
- He established the Shunga dynasty in 185 BCE.
2. Capital and Territory:
- The capital of the Shunga dynasty was Pataliputra (present-day Patna).
- The dynasty initially ruled over Magadha and later expanded its territory to include areas of central and northern India.
3. Patronage of Buddhism:
- Pushyamitra Shunga was known for his patronage of Brahmanism and hostility towards Buddhism.
- He is believed to have persecuted Buddhists and damaged Buddhist monuments.
- However, later Shunga rulers, such as Bhagabhadra, embraced Buddhism and made significant contributions to the religion.
4. Administration and Economy:
- The Shunga dynasty followed a centralized administration system.
- The king was the supreme authority, assisted by ministers and officials.
- The economy was primarily agrarian, with agriculture being the main occupation.
5. Art and Architecture:
- The Shunga period witnessed the development of art and architecture.
- The most significant architectural contribution of this dynasty is the Great Stupa at Sanchi, which was commissioned by the Shunga ruler, Bhagabhadra.
6. Decline:
- The Shunga dynasty faced multiple challenges from external invasions and internal revolts.
- The dynasty was eventually overthrown by the Kanvas in around 73 BCE.
Conclusion:
The Shunga dynasty, founded by Pushyamitra Shunga, was the immediate successor of the Maurya dynasty. It ruled over parts of India, had a complex relationship with Buddhism, and made significant contributions to art and architecture. However, it faced challenges and was eventually replaced by the Kanvas.

Coastal city known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea'
Kochi, located in the state of Kerala, is known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea'. Here are the reasons why:
1. Historical Significance:
- Kochi has a rich historical background and has been a major port city since ancient times.
- It was an important center for trade and commerce, attracting merchants from various parts of the world.
2. Geographical Location:
- Situated on the southwest coast of India, Kochi is surrounded by the Arabian Sea.
- Its strategic position as a natural harbor made it a significant maritime trading hub.
3. Cultural Fusion:
- Kochi has a diverse cultural heritage due to its historical trade connections with different countries.
- Over the centuries, it has assimilated various influences from Arab, Chinese, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cultures.
4. Tourist Attractions:
- Kochi is a popular tourist destination, known for its beautiful backwaters, beaches, and historical landmarks.
- The iconic Chinese Fishing Nets, Fort Kochi, Mattancherry Palace, and St. Francis Church are some of the major attractions.
5. Vibrant City Life:
- Kochi boasts a vibrant city life with a mix of modern infrastructure and traditional charm.
- It is known for its bustling markets, delicious seafood, and cultural festivals like the Kochi-Muziris Biennale.
6. Economic Importance:
- Kochi is an important economic center in Kerala, contributing significantly to the state's economy.
- It serves as a major hub for industries such as tourism, trade, IT, and shipping.
In conclusion, Kochi's historical significance, geographical location, cultural fusion, tourist attractions, vibrant city life, and economic importance have earned it the title of the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea'.

Attack on Poland by Germany: The Start of World War II
The attack on Poland by Germany on 1 September 1939 marked the beginning of World War II. This event was a significant turning point in history and had far-reaching consequences. Here is a detailed explanation of the attack:
1. Background:
- In the late 1930s, tensions were rising in Europe due to territorial disputes and the aggressive expansionist policies of Nazi Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler.
- Hitler aimed to establish a greater Germany by annexing neighboring territories, particularly those with large German-speaking populations.
- Poland was one such country that Hitler targeted due to its strategic location and its large Polish and German populations.
2. German Invasion:
- On September 1, 1939, German forces launched a full-scale invasion of Poland.
- The attack was swift and coordinated, utilizing the German military's superior firepower and advanced warfare tactics.
- The Luftwaffe, Germany's air force, played a crucial role in softening up Polish defenses and disrupting communication lines.
- The German Army, equipped with tanks and artillery, quickly penetrated Polish territory from multiple directions.
3. Blitzkrieg Tactics:
- Germany employed the Blitzkrieg (lightning war) strategy during the invasion of Poland.
- This strategy relied on fast-moving armored units, air support, and the element of surprise to overwhelm the enemy.
- Polish defenses were ill-prepared to counter the speed and efficiency of the German Blitzkrieg tactics.
- Within weeks, German forces had successfully occupied most of Poland.
4. International Response:
- The invasion of Poland triggered a swift international response.
- France and Britain, fulfilling their obligations under mutual defense treaties, declared war on Germany two days after the invasion.
- This marked the official beginning of World War II.
- However, their initial military intervention was limited and did not prevent the rapid German conquest of Poland.
5. Consequences:
- The attack on Poland had significant consequences for the course of World War II.
- It exposed the limitations of the League of Nations, the international organization responsible for maintaining peace and security.
- The invasion and subsequent occupation of Poland set a precedent for Germany's aggression and territorial ambitions.
- It also led to the formation of alliances and the subsequent involvement of major world powers in the conflict.
In conclusion, the attack on Poland by Germany on 1 September 1939 marked the beginning of World War II. This aggressive act of aggression set the stage for a global conflict that would last for six years and result in immense human suffering and loss.

In 1981, Salman Rushdie, a Mumbai born British writer, won the Booker Prize for his novel 'Midnight's Children'.
Explanation:
Salman Rushdie, a British author of Indian descent, received critical acclaim and international recognition for his novel 'Midnight's Children.' Here's a detailed explanation of the given answer:
- Booker Prize: The Booker Prize, now known as the Booker Prize for Fiction, is one of the most prestigious literary awards in the English-speaking world. It is awarded annually to the best original novel written in the English language and published in the United Kingdom or Ireland.
- Salman Rushdie: Salman Rushdie was born in Mumbai, India, in 1947. He moved to the United Kingdom in 1961 and became a British citizen. Rushdie has written numerous critically acclaimed novels, including 'Midnight's Children,' 'The Satanic Verses,' and 'The Moor's Last Sigh.' He is known for his rich storytelling, magical realism, and exploration of identity, politics, and religion.
- 'Midnight's Children': Published in 1981, 'Midnight's Children' is Salman Rushdie's most famous novel. It tells the story of Saleem Sinai, who was born at the exact moment of India's independence from British rule. The novel explores the intertwining destinies of Saleem and other children born in the same hour, capturing the political and social changes that shaped India's history.
- Recognition and Impact: 'Midnight's Children' received widespread critical acclaim and established Salman Rushdie as a prominent literary figure. The novel's unique narrative style, blending history, magical realism, and allegory, garnered praise for its inventive storytelling and social commentary. Winning the Booker Prize further elevated the book's profile and solidified Rushdie's reputation as a leading literary voice.
In conclusion, Salman Rushdie, the Mumbai born British writer, won the Booker Prize in 1981 for his novel 'Midnight's Children.' This recognition played a significant role in establishing Rushdie as a major figure in contemporary literature.

The Ghadar Party and its Founding
The Ghadar Party was a revolutionary organization founded by Lala Har Dayal in 1913. It sought to liberate India from British colonial rule through armed struggle and revolutionary activities. The party played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.
Location of the Ghadar Party's Founding
Lala Har Dayal founded the Ghadar Party in the city of San Francisco, California, in the United States. San Francisco served as the epicenter of the party's activities and became the base for its revolutionary efforts.
Significance of San Francisco
San Francisco was chosen as the location for the founding of the Ghadar Party due to several reasons:
1. Presence of Indian Diaspora: San Francisco had a significant Indian immigrant population, particularly Punjabis who had settled in the city. These immigrants faced discrimination and sought to support the cause of Indian independence.
2. Intellectual and Political Environment: San Francisco was a hub of intellectual and political activism during that time. It provided a fertile ground for revolutionary ideas and discussions, making it an ideal location for the founding of the Ghadar Party.
3. Access to Resources: San Francisco's strategic location and proximity to other major cities in the United States provided the Ghadar Party with access to resources such as printing presses, funds, and arms, which were crucial for carrying out their revolutionary activities.
Activities of the Ghadar Party
After its founding in San Francisco, the Ghadar Party carried out various activities to mobilize support for the Indian independence movement:
1. Publication of 'Ghadar' Newspaper: The party published a newspaper called 'Ghadar' in multiple languages, including Punjabi, Urdu, and Hindi. The newspaper served as a platform to disseminate revolutionary ideas, raise awareness, and inspire Indians to join the struggle.
2. Recruitment and Training: The Ghadar Party actively recruited members from the Indian diaspora in the United States, Canada, and other countries. These members were trained in the use of firearms, bomb-making, and other revolutionary tactics.
3. Planning and Execution of Revolutionary Actions: The party planned and executed several revolutionary actions, including the Ghadar Conspiracy of 1915, which aimed to incite a major rebellion against British rule in India. However, the conspiracy was foiled by British intelligence.
Legacy of the Ghadar Party
The Ghadar Party played a crucial role in raising awareness about the Indian independence movement and inspiring a spirit of revolution among Indians. Its activities and ideology had a significant impact on subsequent generations of revolutionaries and freedom fighters in India.
Overall, the Ghadar Party's founding in San Francisco, California, marked a significant moment in the history of the Indian independence movement and highlighted the global reach of the struggle against British colonial rule.

The Indian parliamentary constituency with the largest number of voters:
Answer: B. Outer Delhi (Delhi)
Detailed explanation:
1. Introduction:
- The question asks for the Indian parliamentary constituency with the largest number of voters.
- The constituency should have more than 33 lakh voters.
2. Options:
The given options are:
A. Chandni Chowk (Delhi)
B. Outer Delhi (Delhi)
C. Nandyal (Andhra Pradesh)
D. Samastipur (Bihar)
3. Determining the constituency with the largest number of voters:
- The constituency with the largest number of voters can be determined by comparing the voter strength of each option.
4. Chandni Chowk (Delhi):
- There is no information provided about the voter strength of Chandni Chowk constituency.
- Therefore, it is not the correct answer.
5. Nandyal (Andhra Pradesh):
- There is no information provided about the voter strength of Nandyal constituency.
- Therefore, it is not the correct answer.
6. Samastipur (Bihar):
- There is no information provided about the voter strength of Samastipur constituency.
- Therefore, it is not the correct answer.
7. Outer Delhi (Delhi):
- The voter strength of Outer Delhi constituency is mentioned to be more than 33 lakh voters.
- This satisfies the condition mentioned in the question.
- Therefore, Outer Delhi (Delhi) is the correct answer.
8. Conclusion:
- Among the given options, Outer Delhi (Delhi) is the Indian parliamentary constituency with the largest number of voters, holding the world record for the largest constituency.

Which city in Uttar Pradesh is famous for Glass Bangles industry?
The city in Uttar Pradesh that is famous for the Glass Bangles industry is Firozabad. Here are some key points about Firozabad and its glass bangles industry:
1. Historical Significance: Firozabad has a rich history in the glass industry and has been known for its glasswork since ancient times.
2. Glass Industry Hub: Firozabad is considered the glass capital of India and is home to numerous glass manufacturing units.
3. Glass Bangle Production: The city specializes in the production of handmade glass bangles and is renowned for its intricate designs and craftsmanship.
4. Artisans and Craftsmen: Firozabad has a skilled workforce of artisans and craftsmen who have inherited the art of glasswork from their ancestors.
5. Marketplace: The city has a vibrant marketplace where a wide variety of glass bangles are available for sale. It attracts both domestic and international buyers.
6. Export: Firozabad's glass bangles industry is not only catering to the domestic market but also exporting to different parts of the world.
7. Supporting Industries: Apart from glass bangles, Firozabad also manufactures other glass products like glassware, lamps, and decorative items.
8. Artistic Heritage: The glass bangles produced in Firozabad reflect the artistic heritage of the region and are a symbol of its cultural identity.
Overall, Firozabad's glass bangles industry has played a significant role in the city's economy and cultural heritage. Its craftsmanship and intricate designs have made it famous not only in India but also internationally.

Answer:
Chromosomes in a Cell:
- The number of chromosomes in a cell is a characteristic feature of a species.
- Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins, and they carry genetic information.
- Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell.
Inhumans:
- Inhumans are a fictional species in the Marvel Comics universe.
- Inhumans are often depicted as having enhanced abilities and unique genetic traits.
- While the specific number of chromosomes in Inhumans is not explicitly stated in the comics, it can be assumed that they have the same number of chromosomes as humans.
Answer:
- The correct answer is C: 46 (23 pairs).
- Inhumans, being a fictional species, would be expected to have the same number of chromosomes as humans.
- Humans have 46 chromosomes in each cell, arranged in 23 pairs.
- Therefore, it can be concluded that Inhumans also have 46 chromosomes in each cell.
Note: This answer is based on the assumption that Inhumans have a genetic makeup similar to humans. As Inhumans are fictional, their exact genetic characteristics may vary depending on the specific storyline or interpretation.

Iron Man of India - Vallabhbhai Patel
Vallabhbhai Patel was popularly known as the 'Iron Man of India' for his pivotal role in the country's struggle for independence and his efforts in unifying the nation after independence. Here is a detailed explanation of why Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the 'Iron Man of India':
1. Leadership in the Indian Independence Movement:
- Patel played a crucial role in the Indian Independence Movement and was one of the prominent leaders of the Indian National Congress.
- He actively participated in various movements and protests against British rule, advocating for the rights and freedom of the Indian people.
2. Instrumental in the Integration of India:
- After India gained independence in 1947, the country faced a major challenge of integrating more than 500 princely states into the newly formed nation.
- Patel took on the responsibility of merging these princely states and successfully convinced their rulers to accede to India.
- His diplomatic skills and determination played a significant role in the integration of states like Junagadh, Hyderabad, and Jammu and Kashmir.
3. Creation of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS):
- Patel was instrumental in the creation of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), which streamlined the administrative structure of the country.
- He played a crucial role in establishing a strong and efficient bureaucracy, which was essential for the smooth functioning of the government.
4. First Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India:
- After independence, Patel served as the first Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister of India.
- As the Home Minister, he played a key role in establishing law and order in the country and tackling internal security challenges.
5. Sardar Patel's Statue of Unity:
- In honor of Vallabhbhai Patel's contributions, the Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, was erected in Gujarat, India.
- The statue symbolizes Patel's leadership, unity, and vision for a strong and united India.
In conclusion, Vallabhbhai Patel, popularly known as the 'Iron Man of India,' is remembered for his leadership, determination, and efforts in the Indian Independence Movement, as well as his role in the integration and governance of the newly formed nation.

Ancient Indian Ruler Visited by Chinese Traveler Fa-Hien:

Chinese traveler Fa-Hien visited India during the reign of the ancient Indian ruler, Chandragupta Vikramaditya. Here are the reasons why:

• Fa-Hien: Fa-Hien was a Chinese Buddhist monk and traveler who embarked on a journey to India in the 5th century AD. He was known for his extensive travels and documentation of Buddhist sites and practices.


• Reign of Chandragupta Vikramaditya: Chandragupta Vikramaditya, also known as Chandragupta II, ruled over the Gupta Empire in India from 380 AD to 415 AD. He is considered one of the most influential rulers of ancient India, known for his patronage of arts, literature, and religion.


• Connection with Buddhism: Chandragupta Vikramaditya had a significant impact on the spread and development of Buddhism in India. He promoted the religion and provided support to Buddhist monasteries and scholars.


• Fa-Hien's Travels: Fa-Hien's primary purpose of visiting India was to seek and collect Buddhist scriptures. He traveled extensively across various regions of India, including Mathura, Patna, and Pataliputra, to study and document Buddhist teachings.


• Encounter with Chandragupta Vikramaditya: During his journey, Fa-Hien had the opportunity to meet and interact with Chandragupta Vikramaditya. The ruler's support for Buddhism and his patronage of religious institutions would have made him an important figure for Fa-Hien to meet and gather information from.

Therefore, Chinese traveler Fa-Hien visited India during the reign of the ancient Indian ruler, Chandragupta Vikramaditya.

Answer:
Question: By what name is spiritual guru Narendra Nath Datta, founder of Belur Math near Kolkata, better known?
Options:
A: Swami Vivekananda
B: Swami Dayanand Saraswati
C: Swami Prabhupad
D: Ramkrishna Paramahamsa
Correct Answer: A: Swami Vivekananda
Explanation:
Swami Vivekananda, born as Narendra Nath Datta, was a spiritual guru and the founder of Belur Math near Kolkata. He was a key figure in the introduction of Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the Western world. Here are some key points about Swami Vivekananda:
- Swami Vivekananda was born on January 12, 1863, in Kolkata, India.
- He was a disciple of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, who was a prominent mystic and saint.
- After the passing of his guru, Swami Vivekananda took the responsibility of spreading the teachings of Vedanta and Hinduism.
- He gained recognition and popularity for his speech at the World's Parliament of Religions held in Chicago in 1893.
- Swami Vivekananda emphasized the idea of religious tolerance, harmony, and the unity of all religions.
- He established the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission, which are organizations dedicated to spiritual and social service.
- Swami Vivekananda's teachings continue to inspire millions of people around the world, and he is considered one of the most influential spiritual leaders of modern India.
Overall, Swami Vivekananda is widely known and respected for his teachings, philosophy, and efforts to promote spirituality and social welfare.

Answer:
The highest point of Mount Kilimanjaro, known as 'Uhuru Peak', is located on the continent of Africa. Here is a detailed explanation:
Mount Kilimanjaro:
- Mount Kilimanjaro is a dormant volcano located in northeastern Tanzania.
- It is the highest mountain in Africa and one of the Seven Summits, which are the highest peaks on each continent.
Uhuru Peak:
- Uhuru Peak is the highest point on Mount Kilimanjaro, standing at an elevation of 5,895 meters (19,341 feet).
- It is the ultimate destination for climbers and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
Continent:
- Africa is the continent where Mount Kilimanjaro is located.
- It is the second-largest continent in the world, covering about 30.37 million square kilometers (11.7 million square miles).
- Africa is known for its diverse wildlife, stunning landscapes, and rich cultural heritage.
In Summary:
- 'Uhuru Peak' at Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest point in Africa.
- It is a popular destination for adventurers and nature enthusiasts seeking to conquer the continent's highest peak.
- The climb to Uhuru Peak offers a challenging yet rewarding experience, with stunning views and a sense of achievement upon reaching the summit.

Millennium Dome and Priyanka Chopra

The Millennium Dome is located in London, UK.

Explanation

Here is a detailed explanation of why the Millennium Dome is located in London:

• Millennium Dome: The Millennium Dome, also known as The O2 Arena, is a large dome-shaped building located on the Greenwich Peninsula in London, UK.


• Priyanka Chopra: Priyanka Chopra, an Indian actress, model, and singer, was crowned Miss World in the year 2000.


• Miss World 2000: The Miss World 2000 pageant took place at the Millennium Dome in London, UK. Priyanka Chopra won the title, making her the fifth Indian woman to be crowned Miss World.


• London, UK: The Millennium Dome, now known as The O2 Arena, is a popular entertainment venue in London. It has hosted various events, including concerts, sports events, and exhibitions.

Therefore, the Millennium Dome, where Priyanka Chopra was crowned Miss World in 2000, is located in London, UK.

Softtoy 'Teddy Bear' was named after which US president's nickname?
The soft toy 'Teddy Bear' was named after the nickname of the US president, Theodore Roosevelt. Here's a detailed explanation:
Theodore Roosevelt and the Teddy Bear:
- Theodore Roosevelt, often referred to as Teddy Roosevelt, served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909.
- During his presidency, Roosevelt went on a hunting trip in Mississippi in 1902.
- On this trip, his hunting party cornered and tied up a bear, intending for Roosevelt to shoot it.
- However, Roosevelt refused to shoot the bear, deeming it unsportsmanlike.
- This act of compassion gained widespread media attention and a political cartoon depicting the incident was published in the Washington Post.
- Morris Michtom, a Brooklyn-based toymaker, saw the cartoon and was inspired to create a stuffed toy bear in honor of the president's actions.
- Michtom's wife, Rose, sewed the first Teddy Bear and it was put on display in their store window.
- The Teddy Bear became an instant success and gained popularity worldwide.
Why was it named Teddy Bear?
- The toy bear created by Morris Michtom was named the Teddy Bear after President Theodore Roosevelt's nickname, Teddy.
- The name "Teddy" originated from an incident during the hunting trip where Roosevelt refused to shoot a bear.
- The media and public affectionately referred to Roosevelt as "Teddy" after the incident, and the toy bear was named in his honor.
Legacy of the Teddy Bear:
- The Teddy Bear became an iconic and beloved toy, symbolizing comfort, companionship, and childhood memories.
- It revolutionized the toy industry and remains one of the most popular and recognizable plush toys to this day.
- The Teddy Bear also holds historical significance as a reminder of President Theodore Roosevelt's compassionate act and his nickname, which became synonymous with the bear.
So, the soft toy 'Teddy Bear' was named after President Theodore Roosevelt's nickname, Teddy, due to his compassionate act during a hunting trip.

Indian Music Maestro who won the Grammy Award:
Zakir Hussain
Explanation:
Zakir Hussain, the renowned Indian music maestro, won the Grammy Award in February 2009 for his collaborative music album 'Golden Drum Project'. Here are the key points regarding this achievement:
Collaborative Music Album:
The Grammy Award was received for his collaborative music album 'Golden Drum Project'.
Grammy Award:
The Grammy Award is a prestigious international accolade that recognizes outstanding achievement in the music industry. It is presented annually by The Recording Academy.
Year of Achievement:
Zakir Hussain won the Grammy Award in February 2009.
Contribution to Indian Music:
Zakir Hussain is widely regarded as one of the greatest tabla players in the world. He has made significant contributions to Indian classical music through his mesmerizing tabla performances and collaborations with renowned musicians from various genres.
Recognition and Awards:
Apart from the Grammy Award, Zakir Hussain has received numerous other awards and recognition for his exceptional talent and contributions to music. He has been honored with the Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri, two of India's highest civilian awards.
Conclusion:
Zakir Hussain, the Indian music maestro, won the Grammy Award in February 2009 for his collaborative music album 'Golden Drum Project'. His exceptional talent and contributions to music have earned him numerous accolades and recognition throughout his illustrious career.

The Stree Shakti Puraskar
The Stree Shakti Puraskar is an annual award given by the Government of India to recognize and honor the exceptional achievements and contributions of women in various fields. Out of the five Stree Shakti Puraskar, one is named after a fictional character from the Tamil epic 'Silappatikaram'. Let's explore the options and find out which one it is.
A: Mata Jijabai
- Mata Jijabai was the mother of the Maratha warrior king, Shivaji.
- The Stree Shakti Puraskar is not named after her.
B: Rani Gaidenlou Zeliang
- Rani Gaidinliu was a Naga spiritual and political leader who fought against British colonial rule in India.
- The Stree Shakti Puraskar is not named after her.
C: Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar
- Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar was the ruler of the Malwa kingdom in the 18th century and was known for her administrative skills and social reforms.
- The Stree Shakti Puraskar is not named after her.
D: Kannagi
- Kannagi is the fictional character from the Tamil epic 'Silappatikaram'.
- The Stree Shakti Puraskar is named after Kannagi.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: Kannagi. The Stree Shakti Puraskar named after the fictional character from the Tamil epic 'Silappatikaram'.

Japanese Art of Aesthetic Miniaturization of Trees: Bonsai
Bonsai is the name of the Japanese art of aesthetic miniaturization of trees by growing them in containers. It is a unique form of horticulture that involves carefully cultivating and shaping trees to create miniature versions of their full-sized counterparts. Here is a detailed explanation of this art form:
1. Definition of Bonsai:
- Bonsai is derived from the Japanese words "bon" meaning tray or pot, and "sai" meaning planting.
- It refers to the practice of growing and caring for miniature trees in containers.
- Bonsai trees are meticulously shaped and pruned to create a harmonious and balanced representation of nature.
2. History of Bonsai:
- The origins of bonsai can be traced back to ancient China, where it was initially practiced.
- It later spread to Japan, where it gained significant popularity and evolved into a distinct Japanese art form.
- Bonsai became associated with Zen Buddhism and the principles of harmony, simplicity, and tranquility.
3. Techniques of Bonsai:
- Bonsai involves various techniques to achieve the desired appearance and size of the trees.
- Pruning: Regular pruning is performed to control the growth and shape of the branches and foliage.
- Wiring: Thin wires are used to gently bend and shape the branches into desired positions.
- Repotting: Bonsai trees are periodically repotted to provide fresh soil and ensure proper root development.
- Watering and Fertilizing: Careful watering and fertilizing techniques are employed to maintain the health and vitality of the trees.
4. Styles of Bonsai:
- Bonsai trees can be classified into different styles based on their shape and form.
- Some common styles include formal upright, informal upright, cascade, semi-cascade, windswept, and forest.
- Each style represents a specific natural landscape or aesthetic concept.
5. Symbolism and Cultural Significance:
- Bonsai is not just a form of artistic expression but also holds cultural and symbolic significance in Japanese society.
- It embodies the principles of patience, discipline, and harmony with nature.
- Bonsai is often associated with meditation and mindfulness, as it requires focused attention and care.
In conclusion, bonsai is a revered Japanese art form that involves the aesthetic miniaturization of trees through careful cultivation and shaping. It requires a deep understanding of horticulture, patience, and artistic sensibility. Bonsai trees are not just beautiful works of art but also hold cultural and symbolic importance in Japanese culture.

The popularly referred to as 'Plastic Money' is the Credit Card. It is widely used as a convenient form of payment in today's digital world. Here are the reasons why credit cards are called plastic money:
Convenience:
- Credit cards are made of plastic, which makes them lightweight and easy to carry.
- They can be easily stored in wallets or purses, making them convenient to carry around.
Accepted Worldwide:
- Credit cards are widely accepted by merchants and businesses around the world.
- They can be used for various types of transactions, such as online shopping, in-store purchases, and even for booking flights and hotels.
Electronic Payments:
- Credit cards enable electronic payments, allowing users to make purchases without the need for physical cash.
- They can be used to pay bills, transfer funds, and make online transactions.
Security:
- Credit cards offer a higher level of security compared to carrying cash.
- They have built-in security features such as PIN numbers, CVV codes, and fraud protection measures.
- In case of loss or theft, credit cards can be easily reported and blocked to prevent unauthorized transactions.
Interest and Credit Limit:
- Credit cards allow users to make purchases on credit, which means they can buy now and pay later.
- They come with a credit limit, which is the maximum amount that can be borrowed from the card issuer.
- Users can repay the borrowed amount in full or choose to pay it off in installments, with an added interest rate.
Rewards and Benefits:
- Credit cards often come with rewards and benefits programs.
- Users can earn cashback, reward points, or discounts on their purchases.
- Some credit cards offer travel benefits, insurance coverage, and access to exclusive events.
Therefore, credit cards are popularly referred to as 'Plastic Money' due to their convenience, acceptance worldwide, electronic payment capabilities, security features, credit limit, and rewards and benefits programs.