Knowledge Package - 16 - SSC CHSL MCQ

Law of Gravity and its Propounder
The Law of Gravity, one of the fundamental principles of physics, was propounded by Isaac Newton in the year 1687.
Explanation
Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer, developed the Law of Gravity while studying the motion of celestial bodies. Here's a detailed explanation of the concept:
1. Law of Gravity: The Law of Gravity states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
2. Newton's Contribution: Isaac Newton's groundbreaking work on the Law of Gravity was presented in his book titled "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy).
3. Universal Applicability: Newton's Law of Gravity is applicable to all objects in the universe, from small particles to massive celestial bodies. It explains the forces that govern the motion of planets, moons, and even objects on Earth.
4. Mathematical Formulation: Newton's Law of Gravity can be mathematically represented as F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2, where F is the force of gravity, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between their centers.
5. Significance: Newton's Law of Gravity revolutionized our understanding of the universe and laid the foundation for classical mechanics. It provided a unified explanation for the motion of celestial bodies and terrestrial objects.
In conclusion, Isaac Newton is the propounder of the Law of Gravity, which he presented in 1687. His contributions to physics and mathematics have had a profound impact on the scientific community and continue to shape our understanding of the universe.

Answer:
The African country known as the 'Gift of the Nile' is Egypt. Here's why:
Geographical Features:
- The Nile River, the longest river in Africa and one of the longest in the world, flows through Egypt.
- The river has been a crucial water source for agricultural activities, providing fertile soil for cultivation.
Historical Significance:
- The ancient Egyptian civilization, one of the oldest and most advanced civilizations in the world, flourished along the banks of the Nile.
- The Nile River played a vital role in the development of Egypt, enabling the growth of agriculture, transportation, and trade.
Economic Importance:
- Egypt's economy heavily relies on the Nile River, as it supports agriculture, which is a significant sector in the country.
- The river allows for irrigation and the cultivation of crops, such as cotton, wheat, and vegetables.
Cultural Significance:
- The Nile River holds immense cultural significance for Egypt, as it is often associated with the country's identity and heritage.
- Ancient Egyptian mythology and religious beliefs revolved around the Nile, considering it a source of life and prosperity.
In conclusion, Egypt is referred to as the 'Gift of the Nile' due to its geographical, historical, economic, and cultural ties to the Nile River.

Encephalitis disease affects which part of the body?
Encephalitis is a condition that affects the brain. It is characterized by inflammation of the brain tissue, which can lead to various symptoms and complications. Here is a detailed explanation of the disease:
Symptoms of Encephalitis:
- Fever
- Headache
- Stiff neck
- Sensitivity to light
- Nausea and vomiting
- Confusion or altered mental state
- Seizures
- Weakness or paralysis
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
- Hallucinations
Causes of Encephalitis:
- Viral infections, such as herpes simplex virus, West Nile virus, or measles virus
- Bacterial infections, such as Lyme disease or tuberculosis
- Autoimmune disorders, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the brain
- Certain medications or vaccinations
- In rare cases, encephalitis can be caused by fungi or parasites
Treatment of Encephalitis:
- Hospitalization is often required for monitoring and treatment.
- Antiviral or antibiotic medications may be prescribed depending on the cause of the encephalitis.
- Medications to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms, such as pain relievers or anti-seizure drugs, may be given.
- Supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and respiratory support, may be necessary.
Prevention of Encephalitis:
- Vaccination is available for some viral causes of encephalitis, such as measles, mumps, and rubella.
- Preventing mosquito bites and tick bites can reduce the risk of certain viral and bacterial infections.
- Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly, can help prevent the spread of infections.
Remember, encephalitis is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of encephalitis, it is important to seek medical help immediately.

Answer:
Mineral mined at Golkonda in Andhra Pradesh:
- The mineral that is mined at Golkonda in Andhra Pradesh is Diamond.
- Golkonda, also known as Golconda, is famous for being one of the world's most renowned diamond mining areas.
- It is located in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
- Golkonda was a major diamond trading center and produced some of the world's most famous diamonds, including the Hope Diamond and the Koh-i-Noor Diamond.
- The mining of diamonds in Golkonda dates back to ancient times, and the region was known for its rich diamond deposits.
- The diamonds found in Golkonda were of high quality and were known for their exceptional clarity and brilliance.
- The mining operations in Golkonda have significantly declined over the years, but it still holds historical and cultural significance in the diamond industry.

Answer:
The correct answer is C: Visual Basic.
Visual Basic is not a computer operating system. It is a programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) that is used to create software applications for the Windows operating system.
Here are the details explaining why Visual Basic is not an operating system:
Operating Systems:
- An operating system (OS) is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
- Examples of popular operating systems include Unix, Windows XP, and Linux.
Visual Basic:
- Visual Basic is a programming language and IDE developed by Microsoft.
- It is used to create software applications for the Windows operating system.
- It provides a graphical user interface (GUI) and a set of tools for designing and creating applications.
- Visual Basic is not an operating system itself, but rather a tool for developing applications that run on an operating system.

Golden Girl Book
The autobiography "Golden Girl" is written by Indian woman athlete P.T. Usha. Here is a detailed explanation of the answer:
Background:
- "Golden Girl" is a book that tells the life story of an Indian woman athlete.
- The book is an autobiography, which means it is written by the athlete herself.
Options:
A: P.T. Usha
- P.T. Usha is a renowned Indian athlete who is often referred to as the "Golden Girl" of Indian athletics.
- She is known for her achievements in track and field events, especially in sprinting.
- Her autobiography, "Golden Girl," provides insights into her journey as an athlete and her struggles and successes.
B: Shiny Abraham
- Shiny Abraham is not the correct answer in this case.
- She might be a notable athlete, but the book "Golden Girl" is not her autobiography.
C: Jyotirmay Sikdar
- Jyotirmay Sikdar is not the correct answer in this case.
- He might be a notable athlete, but the book "Golden Girl" is not his autobiography.
D: M.D. Valsamma
- M.D. Valsamma is not the correct answer in this case.
- She might be a notable athlete, but the book "Golden Girl" is not her autobiography.
Conclusion:
The correct answer is A: P.T. Usha. The book "Golden Girl" is her autobiography, where she shares her inspiring journey as an Indian woman athlete.

The River that forms Jog Falls in Karnataka is the Sharavathi River.

Jog Falls, also known as Gersoppa Falls, is a major tourist attraction in the state of Karnataka, India. It is created by the Sharavathi River, which is a major river in the Western Ghats. The falls are located in the Shimoga district of Karnataka.

Here are some key points about Jog Falls:

• The falls are formed by the Sharavathi River, which originates at Ambuthirtha in the Western Ghats.


• The Sharavathi River flows through dense forests and rocky terrain before plunging down the cliffs to form the spectacular Jog Falls.


• Jog Falls is one of the highest plunge waterfalls in India, with a height of about 253 meters (830 feet).


• The falls are known for their four distinct cascades, which are named Raja, Rani, Rocket, and Roarer.


• The water volume in the falls varies significantly depending on the season, with peak flow occurring during the monsoon season.


• Jog Falls is a popular destination for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts. Visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of the falls and also engage in activities like trekking and boating in the nearby areas.

Overall, the majestic Jog Falls, formed by the Sharavathi River, is a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Karnataka.

Commissioning of Asia's biggest Naval Academy in Kerala
The commissioning of Asia's biggest Naval Academy took place in Kerala on 8 January 2009. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh attended the event. The name of the place where the Naval Academy was commissioned is Ezhimala.
Explanation:
The commissioning of the Naval Academy in Ezhimala, Kerala, marked a significant development in the Indian Navy. Here is a detailed explanation of the event:
1. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh:
- Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who was the head of the Indian government at that time, attended the event.
- His presence highlighted the importance and significance of the commissioning ceremony.
2. Date and Place:
- The commissioning ceremony took place on 8 January 2009.
- The location of the commissioning was Ezhimala, Kerala.
3. Asia's Biggest Naval Academy:
- The commissioning marked the establishment of Asia's biggest Naval Academy.
- The Naval Academy in Ezhimala is known for providing comprehensive training to officers of the Indian Navy and the Indian Coast Guard.
4. Importance:
- The commissioning of the Naval Academy in Ezhimala was a significant milestone for the Indian Navy.
- It showcased India's commitment to strengthening its naval capabilities and infrastructure.
5. Training Facilities:
- The Naval Academy in Ezhimala offers state-of-the-art training facilities to cadets.
- The academy focuses on academic, physical, and professional training to produce capable naval officers.
6. Role in National Security:
- The establishment of the Naval Academy in Ezhimala plays a vital role in enhancing India's national security.
- The academy trains officers who will serve in various capacities to protect the country's maritime interests.
In conclusion, on 8 January 2009, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh commissioned Asia's biggest Naval Academy in Ezhimala, Kerala. The commissioning ceremony marked a significant development in the Indian Navy's efforts to strengthen its capabilities and infrastructure. The academy provides comprehensive training to officers and plays a crucial role in enhancing India's national security.

Shape of the Bharat Ratna Medal:
The medal of the Bharat Ratna award is designed in the shape of a Peepul leaf.
Explanation:
Here is a detailed explanation of why the answer is C: Peepul Leaf:
- The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India, conferred by the President of India.
- The medal of the Bharat Ratna is designed in the shape of a leaf, symbolizing growth, vitality, and the essence of life.
- The specific leaf chosen for the design of the medal is the Peepul leaf, which holds cultural and religious significance in India.
- The Peepul leaf is commonly associated with Lord Vishnu in Hindu mythology and is considered sacred.
- The shape of the Peepul leaf is distinct with its heart-shaped outline and pronounced lobes, making it a recognizable symbol in Indian culture.
- The design of the Bharat Ratna medal reflects the importance of nature and its connection to Indian traditions and values.
Therefore, the medal of the Bharat Ratna award is designed in the shape of a Peepul leaf (Option C).

Blood Groups and Compatibility
Blood groups are determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The two most important antigens are A and B, which can be present in various combinations to form different blood groups. In addition to the A and B antigens, there is a third antigen called Rh factor, which can be positive (+) or negative (-).
Universal Recipient
The universal recipient is the blood group that can receive blood from any other blood group without experiencing an adverse reaction. This is because the recipient's blood does not contain any antibodies that would react with the donor's blood antigens.
The universal recipient blood group is:
AB positive (AB+)
Explanation
When we consider blood group compatibility for transfusions, there are a few general rules to follow:
1. A person with blood group A can receive blood from donors with blood groups A and O.
2. A person with blood group B can receive blood from donors with blood groups B and O.
3. A person with blood group AB can receive blood from donors with blood groups A, B, AB, and O.
4. A person with blood group O can receive blood only from donors with blood group O.
Based on these rules, we can determine that the blood group AB is the universal recipient. This is because individuals with blood group AB have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells and do not have antibodies against either A or B antigens. Therefore, they can receive blood from donors with any blood group without experiencing an adverse reaction.
It's important to note that the Rh factor (positive or negative) does not affect the compatibility for transfusions in terms of being a universal recipient. It only becomes relevant when considering Rh compatibility for Rh-negative individuals.

City Served by Birsa Munda Airport: Ranchi (Jharkhand)
Explanation:

• Birsa Munda Airport is located in Ranchi, the capital city of Jharkhand.


• Ranchi is the administrative headquarters of the Ranchi district and is known for its natural beauty and scenic landscapes.


• The airport is named after Birsa Munda, a tribal freedom fighter from Jharkhand who played a significant role in the Indian independence movement.


• Birsa Munda Airport serves as the primary air gateway for domestic and international travelers visiting Ranchi and the surrounding regions.


• The airport is well-connected to major cities in India, such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore, and Chennai, through regular domestic flights.


• Several airlines operate at Birsa Munda Airport, including Air India, IndiGo, GoAir, SpiceJet, and Vistara.


• The airport offers various facilities and services to passengers, including baggage handling, customs, immigration, security, and retail outlets.


• Passengers can easily access the city center from the airport through taxis, cabs, and other modes of transportation.

Answer:
The only breed of dog that can't bark is the Basenji.
Explanation:
Here is a detailed explanation of why Basenjis don't bark:
- Basenji: The Basenji is a breed of dog that originates from Central Africa. It is known for its unique characteristics, one of which is its inability to bark.
- Vocalization: While other dog breeds use barking as a form of communication, the Basenji has a different way of vocalizing. Instead of barking, they make various sounds like yodels, howls, and even scream-like vocalizations.
- Reason for Not Barking: The Basenji's inability to bark is not due to any physical limitation but rather a genetic trait. The breed has a unique larynx structure, which prevents them from producing the typical barking sound.
- Alternative Communication: Basenjis are still capable of expressing themselves and communicating with their owners and other dogs. They use a combination of body language, facial expressions, and the aforementioned vocalizations to convey their emotions and needs.
- Quiet Nature: Due to their lack of barking, Basenjis are often considered a quieter breed compared to others. However, it is important to note that they can still make other noises and can be quite vocal when they want to be.
In conclusion, the Basenji is the only breed of dog that can't bark due to its unique genetic trait. Despite not barking, they have other ways of communicating and expressing themselves.

Rumtek Monastery
The Rumtek Monastery is a famous Tibetan Buddhist monastery located in the state of Sikkim, India. It is one of the largest and most significant monasteries in Sikkim and holds great religious and cultural importance. Here are some key details about the Rumtek Monastery:
Location:
- The Rumtek Monastery is located in the town of Rumtek, which is approximately 23 kilometers away from the capital city of Gangtok in Sikkim.
- It is situated on a hilltop at an elevation of about 1,500 meters above sea level.
- The monastery offers breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
History:
- The Rumtek Monastery was originally built in the 16th century by the 9th Karmapa, Wangchuk Dorje.
- However, the monastery was rebuilt in the 1960s by the 16th Karmapa, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje, after he fled Tibet and settled in Sikkim.
- The monastery serves as the main seat of the Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.
Architecture:
- The Rumtek Monastery showcases exquisite Tibetan architectural styles.
- The main building of the monastery, known as the Golden Stupa, is adorned with intricate murals, statues, and various Buddhist artifacts.
- The monastery complex also includes several other structures, such as prayer halls, assembly halls, and living quarters for the monks.
Religious Significance:
- The Rumtek Monastery is not only a place of worship but also a center for Buddhist learning and practice.
- It houses a large collection of Buddhist scriptures, thangkas (religious paintings), and other sacred artifacts.
- The monastery also serves as a venue for various religious ceremonies, festivals, and teachings conducted by eminent Buddhist masters.
Visiting the Rumtek Monastery provides a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the rich Buddhist heritage of Sikkim and witness the spiritual practices of the resident monks. The serene surroundings, coupled with the grandeur of the monastery, make it a popular destination for both tourists and devotees seeking spiritual solace.

Founder of Sulabh International for improving civic sanitation

• Answer: D. Bindeshwar Pathak

Explanation:

• Sulabh International: Founded in 1970, Sulabh International is an organization dedicated to improving civic sanitation and promoting human rights.


• Founder: The organization was founded by Bindeshwar Pathak.

Key Points:

• Founded in 1970


• Organization dedicated to improving civic sanitation


• Promotes human rights


• Founder: Bindeshwar Pathak

Importance of Sulabh International:

• Providing affordable and sustainable sanitation solutions


• Addressing the issue of manual scavenging


• Promoting the use of eco-friendly toilets


• Creating awareness about sanitation and hygiene


• Improving living conditions and dignity of marginalized communities

Conclusion:

Sulabh International, founded by Bindeshwar Pathak in 1970, has played a significant role in improving civic sanitation and promoting human rights. Through its efforts, the organization has provided affordable and sustainable sanitation solutions, addressed the issue of manual scavenging, and promoted the use of eco-friendly toilets. By creating awareness about sanitation and hygiene, Sulabh International has contributed to improving the living conditions and dignity of marginalized communities.

The Indian lady writer who won the 2006 Booker Prize for her novel 'The Inheritance of Loss' is Kiran Desai.
Explanation:
Here is a detailed explanation of the answer:
Booker Prize:
- The Booker Prize is a prestigious literary award given annually to the best original novel written in the English language and published in the United Kingdom.
- It is one of the most recognized and respected literary awards in the world.
'The Inheritance of Loss':
- 'The Inheritance of Loss' is a novel written by Kiran Desai, an Indian author.
- It was published in 2006 and received critical acclaim for its storytelling and themes.
Winner of the 2006 Booker Prize:
- In 2006, Kiran Desai became the first Indian woman to win the Booker Prize for her novel 'The Inheritance of Loss.'
- The novel explores themes of identity, migration, and the impact of colonialism on individuals and communities.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Kiran Desai

Country Known as the 'Cockpit of Europe':

The country that is popularly known as the 'Cockpit of Europe' is Belgium.

Reasoning:

Belgium is referred to as the 'Cockpit of Europe' due to its strategic location in the heart of Europe.

Key Points:

• Geographically, Belgium is situated at the crossroads of Western Europe, making it a major hub for trade and transportation.


• Belgium shares borders with several European countries, including France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.


• Its capital city, Brussels, is home to the headquarters of the European Union and NATO, further solidifying its significance in European politics and international affairs.


• Belgium's location has historically made it a battleground for various conflicts and wars between European powers, earning it the nickname 'Cockpit of Europe'.


• Additionally, the country's diverse culture, rich history, and architectural landmarks, such as the iconic Grand Place in Brussels and medieval city of Bruges, attract numerous tourists from around the world.

Therefore, Belgium is popularly known as the 'Cockpit of Europe' due to its central location, political importance, and historical significance.

Answer:
The first Indian cricketer to take a Hat Trick in One Day International (ODI) cricket was Chetan Sharma.
Explanation:
Chetan Sharma achieved this feat on October 31, 1987, during a match against New Zealand in the World Cup held in India. Here is a detailed explanation of the events leading to his Hat Trick:
Match Details:
- Date: October 31, 1987
- Venue: Sawai Mansingh Stadium, Jaipur, India
- Opponent: New Zealand
Events of the Hat Trick:
1. Sharma's first victim was Ken Rutherford, who was caught by Ravi Shastri in the 4th ball of the 3rd over.
2. The second wicket was that of Ian Smith, who was caught by wicketkeeper Kiran More in the 5th ball of the 3rd over.
3. The final wicket was that of Ewen Chatfield, who was bowled out in the last ball of the 3rd over.
Significance of Chetan Sharma's Hat Trick:
- Chetan Sharma became the first Indian cricketer to achieve a Hat Trick in ODI cricket.
- This Hat Trick was the first-ever Hat Trick in World Cup history.
- Sharma's Hat Trick played a crucial role in India's victory in that match, as New Zealand was bowled out for just 221 runs, and India won by 9 wickets with more than 15 overs to spare.
In conclusion:
Chetan Sharma created history by becoming the first Indian cricketer to take a Hat Trick in ODI cricket. His Hat Trick in the 1987 World Cup match against New Zealand remains a memorable moment in Indian cricket history.

Location of International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI)
The International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) is located in Hyderabad, India.
Explanation:
- ARCI is an autonomous research and development center under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India.
- It is dedicated to the development of high-performance materials, processes, and technologies related to powder metallurgy and new materials.
- The center focuses on research and development in areas such as advanced materials for energy, aerospace, defense, and automotive applications.
- ARCI collaborates with industry, academia, and research institutions to develop innovative solutions and technologies.
- The center is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and laboratories for conducting research and development activities.
- ARCI aims to contribute to the development of the Indian manufacturing industry by promoting the use of advanced materials and technologies.
- Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana state, is home to several research institutions, educational institutions, and technology companies, making it an ideal location for ARCI.

The Chinese city that hosted the 16th Asian Games in 2010, also known as the 'City of Goats', is Guangzhou.
Here is a detailed solution:
Introduction:
The 16th Asian Games, also known as the XVI Asiad, took place in 2010 in China. The host city for this prestigious sporting event was Guangzhou, which is often referred to as the 'City of Goats'.
Explanation:
- Guangzhou, located in southern China, was selected as the host city for the 16th Asian Games.
- The Asian Games is a multi-sport event held every four years, and it is the second-largest multi-sport event after the Olympic Games.
- Guangzhou is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong Province in China.
- The city has a rich history and is known for its vibrant culture, delicious Cantonese cuisine, and historic landmarks.
- Guangzhou is also a major transportation hub and a center for international trade and commerce.
- The 16th Asian Games in Guangzhou featured various sporting events, including athletics, swimming, basketball, football, badminton, and many more.
- The event brought together athletes from different Asian countries to compete for medals and showcase their skills.
- The 16th Asian Games in Guangzhou were hailed as a success, with impressive performances from athletes and a warm reception from the host city.
Conclusion:
In 2010, Guangzhou, also known as the 'City of Goats', hosted the 16th Asian Games. The city provided a fantastic venue for the sporting event and showcased its rich culture and hospitality to athletes and visitors from around Asia.

Qualitative or Quantitative Deficiency of Hemoglobin and its Disorder
Anemia
- A qualitative or quantitative deficiency of hemoglobin leads to the disorder called anemia.
- Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
- Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues, and a deficiency in hemoglobin can lead to a reduced ability to transport oxygen.
- This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and pale skin.
- Anemia can have various causes, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, and genetic disorders.
- Treatment for anemia depends on the underlying cause and may involve dietary changes, iron supplements, blood transfusions, or other interventions.
Adrenalitis
- Adrenalitis refers to inflammation of the adrenal glands and is not directly related to a deficiency of hemoglobin.
Anorexia
- Anorexia is an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight, a distorted body image, and extreme efforts to maintain a low body weight.
- While anorexia can lead to nutritional deficiencies and related health problems, it is not directly caused by a deficiency of hemoglobin.
Aminoaciduria
- Aminoaciduria refers to the presence of amino acids in the urine and is not directly related to a deficiency of hemoglobin.
In conclusion, the correct answer is A: Anemia. A qualitative or quantitative deficiency of hemoglobin leads to the disorder known as anemia.

On the banks of which river is the holy city Ayodhya located?
Ayodhya, the holy city in India, is located on the banks of the Saryu River.
Explanation:
- Ayodhya is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
- It is considered a holy city for Hindus as it is believed to be the birthplace of Lord Rama, a revered deity in Hinduism.
- The city is situated on the banks of the Saryu River, also known as the Ghaghara River.
- The Saryu River flows through the city, adding to its religious significance and attracting pilgrims from all over the country.
- Ayodhya is known for its ancient temples, including the famous Ram Janmabhoomi temple dedicated to Lord Rama.
- The city holds immense cultural and historical importance for Hindus and is a popular pilgrimage site.
- The Saryu River not only provides a scenic view but also serves as a place for rituals and religious ceremonies.
- The river's presence enhances the spiritual atmosphere of Ayodhya and makes it a significant destination for devotees and tourists alike.
Therefore, the holy city Ayodhya is located on the banks of the Saryu River.

Answer:
Introduction:
In this question, we need to identify which among the given options is not obtained from plants. Let's analyze each option and determine the correct answer.

The options provided are:
A: Cork
B: Hemp
C: Linen
D: Silk
Cork:
- Cork is obtained from the bark of the cork oak tree.
- It is a natural and renewable material derived from plants, specifically the outer bark of the cork oak tree.
Hemp:
- Hemp is obtained from the Cannabis sativa plant.
- It is a fiber obtained from the stem of the plant and is used to make various products.
Linen:
- Linen is obtained from the flax plant.
- It is made from the fibers of the flax plant's stem and is commonly used to make clothing and household textiles.
Silk:
- Silk is not obtained from plants; it is produced by silkworms.
- Silkworms produce silk fibers to spin cocoons, which are then harvested to obtain silk.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, we can conclude that the correct answer is option D: Silk. Silk is not obtained from plants; it is produced by silkworms.

Answer:
The first Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) of India was Sukumar Sen. He was appointed on 21 March 1950. Here are some key points about Sukumar Sen's appointment as the first CEC of India:
- Sukumar Sen: He was an Indian civil servant and a member of the Indian Civil Service. He served as the first Chief Election Commissioner of India from 1950 to 1958. Sen played a crucial role in conducting the first general elections in India in 1951-52.
- Appointment: On 21 March 1950, Sukumar Sen was appointed as the first Chief Election Commissioner of India by the President of India. This marked the establishment of the Election Commission of India, which is responsible for conducting free and fair elections in the country.
- Role: As the Chief Election Commissioner, Sukumar Sen had the responsibility of overseeing the entire electoral process, including the preparation of electoral rolls, conducting elections, and ensuring the fairness of the electoral process.
- First General Elections: One of the major accomplishments of Sukumar Sen as the Chief Election Commissioner was successfully conducting the first general elections in India in 1951-52. These elections were a significant milestone in the country's democratic history, as they marked the first time that the Indian people could exercise their right to vote.
- Legacy: Sukumar Sen's contribution to the electoral process in India is highly regarded. His efforts in establishing and strengthening the Election Commission of India laid the foundation for the smooth functioning of elections in the country. His work set the precedent for future Chief Election Commissioners and ensured the integrity of the electoral process in India.
In conclusion, Sukumar Sen became the first Chief Election Commissioner of India on 21 March 1950. His appointment marked the beginning of the Election Commission of India and his tenure witnessed the successful conduct of the first general elections in the country.

Answer:
Kanger Ghati National Park is located in the Bastar district in Chhattisgarh.
The correct option among the given choices is D.
Explanation:
Kanger Ghati National Park, also known as Kanger Valley National Park, is situated in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh. It is one of the most important national parks in the region and is known for its rich biodiversity and natural beauty.
Here are some key points about Kanger Ghati National Park:
- Location: It is situated in the southern region of the Bastar district in Chhattisgarh, India.
- Area: The national park covers an area of approximately 200 square kilometers.
- Topography: The park is characterized by a rugged terrain with steep slopes and deep valleys. It is surrounded by dense forests and hills.
- Flora: The park is home to a wide variety of plant species, including Sal, Teak, Bamboo, and medicinal plants.
- Fauna: The national park is known for its diverse wildlife. It is home to species like Tiger, Leopard, Wild Boar, Chital, Sambar, Sloth Bear, and many others. It is also a haven for birdwatchers, with numerous bird species found in the park.
- Attractions: The national park offers several attractions for visitors, including the famous Kanger Valley, Tirathgarh Falls, Kutumsar Caves, and Dandak Caves.
Visiting Kanger Ghati National Park provides a unique opportunity to explore the natural beauty and wildlife of the region. It is a popular destination for nature lovers, wildlife enthusiasts, and adventure seekers.

Appointment of Military Deputy by Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth and last Sikh Guru, appointed a military deputy to lead and protect the Sikh community. The appointed military deputy was Banda Bahadur.
Reasons for the Appointment
- Guru Gobind Singh appointed Banda Bahadur as his military deputy due to his bravery, leadership skills, and commitment to the Sikh faith.
- Banda Bahadur had previously served as a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh and had actively participated in various battles and campaigns.
Role of Banda Bahadur
- As the military deputy, Banda Bahadur was responsible for defending and safeguarding the Sikh community against external threats and oppression.
- He led several successful military campaigns against the Mughal forces and other oppressors.
- Banda Bahadur played a crucial role in establishing Sikh rule in Punjab and challenging the authority of the Mughal Empire.
Legacy of Banda Bahadur
- Banda Bahadur's appointment as the military deputy by Guru Gobind Singh marked a significant turning point in Sikh history.
- His military achievements inspired and motivated the Sikh community to resist oppression and fight for their rights.
- Banda Bahadur's legacy continues to be celebrated by the Sikh community, and he is remembered as a courageous and influential figure in Sikh history.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Banda Bahadur.

William Jones founded the Asiatic Society in Kolkata in 1784.
The Asiatic Society was established in Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta) in 1784 by William Jones, a British lawyer, philologist, and Orientalist. The society was founded with the aim of promoting and advancing the study of the history, antiquities, arts, sciences, and literature of Asia.
Here are some key points about William Jones and the founding of the Asiatic Society:
1. William Jones: William Jones was a prominent British scholar and judge who had a deep interest in the languages, cultures, and history of Asia.
2. Background: During the late 18th century, there was a growing interest in Oriental studies among European scholars. Jones was influenced by this trend and sought to establish a society dedicated to the study of Asia.
3. Foundation: On January 15, 1784, Jones founded the Asiatic Society in Kolkata. The society aimed to bring together scholars, researchers, and enthusiasts interested in Asian studies.
4. Mission: The primary mission of the Asiatic Society was to promote research and inquiry into the history, antiquities, arts, sciences, and literature of Asia. Jones believed in the importance of studying Asian civilizations and their contributions to human knowledge.
5. Publications: The society published numerous scholarly works, including translations of ancient texts, research papers, and historical accounts. These publications played a significant role in disseminating knowledge about Asia to a wider audience.
6. Legacy: The Asiatic Society in Kolkata became a center for Oriental studies and attracted scholars from all over the world. It contributed greatly to the understanding of Asian cultures, languages, and history.
7. Expansion: The success of the Asiatic Society led to the establishment of similar societies in other parts of British India, such as Mumbai and Madras. These societies also played a crucial role in the advancement of Oriental studies.
Overall, William Jones founded the Asiatic Society in Kolkata in 1784 with the intention of promoting the study of Asia's history, antiquities, arts, sciences, and literature. The society's contributions to Oriental studies have had a lasting impact and continue to be recognized today.

Answer:

The city that houses the headquarters of the Universal Postal Union (UPU), an international organization that coordinates the world-wide postal system, is Berne, Switzerland (Option B).

Explanation:

• Universal Postal Union (UPU): The Universal Postal Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as the primary forum for cooperation between postal sector players. It was established in 1874 and is headquartered in Bern, Switzerland.


• Coordination of the World-Wide Postal System: The UPU works towards promoting and coordinating postal services and policies among its member countries. It sets the rules for international mail exchange and provides technical assistance and capacity-building programs to improve postal services worldwide.


• Headquarters Location: The UPU's headquarters are located in Bern, the capital city of Switzerland.

Therefore, the correct answer is Berne, Switzerland (Option B).

The world's first Hydrogen Bomb test (code-named Mike) was conducted on 1 November 1952 at the Enewetak Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
Explanation:

• Background: The development of the Hydrogen Bomb was a significant milestone in nuclear weapons technology. It involved the fusion of hydrogen isotopes to release a tremendous amount of energy.


• Code Name: Mike: The Hydrogen Bomb test conducted on 1 November 1952 was code-named "Mike."


• Location: The test took place at the Enewetak Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.


• Enewetak Atoll: The Enewetak Atoll is a group of islands located in the Pacific Ocean, part of the Marshall Islands. It is situated in the northern part of the Marshall Islands and is a remote and uninhabited area.


• Significance: The successful detonation of the Hydrogen Bomb at the Enewetak Atoll marked a major advancement in nuclear weapons technology.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

A: Enewetak

Answer:
The 'Pattachitra' style of painting is native to the Indian state of Orissa. Pattachitra is a traditional form of painting that has been practiced for centuries in the region. It is characterized by its intricate details, vibrant colors, and use of mythological themes.
Key Points:
- Pattachitra is a traditional style of painting that originated in Orissa, India.
- It is known for its intricate details, vibrant colors, and mythological themes.
- The art form involves the use of natural materials such as handmade paper, cloth, and pigments made from minerals, vegetables, and herbs.
- The paintings often depict scenes from Hindu mythology, such as the stories of Lord Krishna and Lord Jagannath.
- Pattachitra artists use a combination of line drawings and vibrant color fills to create visually stunning and highly detailed artworks.
- The paintings are usually done on cloth or palm leaf and are often framed with decorative borders.
- Pattachitra artists are known for their skill and precision in creating intricate designs and capturing the essence of the subject matter.
- The art form has a rich cultural and historical significance in Orissa and is often used to depict religious stories and rituals.
- Pattachitra paintings are highly prized and have gained recognition both nationally and internationally for their artistic beauty and cultural significance.

More Popular Name of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)

The more popular name of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is the World Bank. Here's a breakdown of the reasons behind this:

1. Established Name:

• The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development was established in 1944.


• Over the years, it has become widely known and recognized by its popular name, the World Bank.

2. Global Recognition:

• The World Bank is a well-known international financial institution.


• It is involved in providing financial and technical assistance to developing countries.


• Its efforts to reduce poverty and promote sustainable development have gained global recognition.

3. Branding and Communication:

• The World Bank has actively promoted its name and brand through various communication channels.


• It uses the name "World Bank" in its official communications, reports, and publications.


• This consistent branding has contributed to the widespread use of the name.

4. Public Perception:

• The term "World Bank" is more easily understood and recognized by the general public compared to "International Bank for Reconstruction and Development."


• It has become the common name used in media, academia, and everyday conversations.

Conclusion:

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is more popularly known as the World Bank due to its established name, global recognition, branding efforts, and public perception.