MAHA TET Paper 1: Environmental Studies Test - 1 - MAHA TET MCQ

The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean. It reaches out from the Arctic Ocean in the north towards the Southern Ocean in the south and is limited by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.

For maximum involvement of students in teaching the topic of 'Game, we play' learning by doing is the best approach to be adopted by the teacher. For this, the teacher should take the students to the play-field and make them play different games on different days. In this way, students will not only know about the different games but also they will be able to remember the rules of the games.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Take the students to the play-field and make them play different games on different days.'

• EVS helps children to explore and connect with their natural and human-made surroundings. 
• EVS helps children develop their own insights into the functioning of several things or understanding human processes in their environment.
• The learning situations/experiences of EVS help children to explore and connect with their natural and human-made surroundings.

Around 71 for each penny of Earth is secured with water. Earth is the main planet where water can exist in fluid structure.

The best way to assess a child at the primary level is to use portfolios. Portfolios help students examine growth and development over time.  It helps students and teachers establish and set student goals and evaluate and revise curriculum, provide a process for self-evaluation and hands-on and concrete experiences. It helps evaluate teaching effectiveness and can motivate parents and school personnel to become involved in each child's evaluation plan. 
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Portfolios.'

Game :

• A game is a kind of mental or physical activity that is done by people with rules for pleasure or contest purposes.

Indoor game:

• It is a game or sport that is typically carried out at home or in a good shelter building or in a sports venue.
• Ludo, Carrom, puzzles, card games, chess, table tennis, and board games are a few examples of indoor games.

Outdoor game:

• It is an athletic game that is played outdoor at daylight or at night.
• Some examples are tennis, football, cricket, golf, hide and seek, hopscotch, seven Tiles etc.

Explanation:
Carrom board:

• It is an Indian-origin tabletop game.
• Typically, the game is played on a wooden square board with pockets in each corner.
• It is a game of active mind that need a good sense of angle and concentration.

Chess:

• A two-player board game is called chess.
• This game makes the brain active and improves thinking capability.
• There are two separate coloured sets of chess pieces.
• Although the sets might not actually be black and white.
• Conventionally, the 64 squares' colours are alternated.

Playing Cards:

• It is any kind of game where the primary device is playing cards.
• It can be traditional or game-specific, also family-related.

Thus, a mother has to choose indoor games to play with her daughter who is unable to go out of her home because of a leg injury. She will choose a carrom board, chess, and playing cards.

World Wildlife Fund for Nature, INDIA is a non-governmental organisation working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.
The others are governmental organisations.

The objectives of teaching EVS at the primary level are, to connect the experiences of learners in school with the outside world, to make children aware of their surroundings, to internalize the values of concern for life and environment, arouse curiosity about the natural and social environment, engage in exploratory and hands-on activities that lead to the development of cognitive and psychomotor skills.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'To connect the experiences of learners in school with the outside world.'

• Children travel long distances and by different ways to reach school throughout the country.
• These ways of reaching school vary from place to place and depends on the terrain of the region, and the distance between the school and their homes. 

Explanation:
Vallam:

• Vallam is a small or large wooden boat.
• It is used in Kerala as a means of transport by people to travel from one place to another.
• In some parts of Kerala, a vallam is used by children to reach school. 
• It is also known as a snake boat and is most popular for the famous snake boat race of Kerala.

​Thus, I am a Vallam.

The animals that are dependent on plants for their food are collectively known as herbivores.

It is a technique adopted by the teachers so that students can gain a better understanding of the concepts. Whatever the teacher has taught in the classroom when students will observe the same things in a zoo, they can start co-relating classroom learning to real-life situations. Through this method, children can retain concepts for a longer time.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Co-relate classroom learning to real-life situations.'

• A letter is a written message which is sent by one to another person through a medium.
• The person who collects and delivers this letter is called a Postman.

Journey of a letter through post:

• First of all, a letter is written by someone with pen and paper.
• Then, it is put in a letterbox.
• After it, the postman will take it out and will put it in his big bag.
• Then after taking a ride with a postman's bicycle it will reach the post office.
• There, it is taken out of the big bag and stamped hard.
• The stamp was of the place from where its journey will start.
• After getting stamped it will reach another big bag.
• This bag has many more letters, all heading for the destination.
• The red postal van will drop it at the railway station.
• After a long journey, it will reach the destination city as mentioned in the address.
• It is sorted as per the area mentioned in the address written to it.
• One more stamp is put on it.
• Finally, the postman drops it at the receiver's house.
• So this is the complete journey of a letter.

Thus, the postman will take this letter to the post office after taking it from the letterbox.

In 1994, Supreme Court of India ordered Ministry of Environment and Forest to establish a special division to develop a green belt around Taj Mahal.

Elephants are mammals and are the existing largest land animals. Elephants are herbivores, and they survive on various plants and trees. Elephants are playful, and they like to play in muddy water. It also keeps their skin cool, and they take rest and sleep nearly 3-4 hours a day, and the adult elephants consume almost a hundred kg of leaves every single day, and a newborn elephant weighs around 92 to 120 kg, and its weight is much more than 200 kg when it is 3 months old. 
Hence, the correct answer is "I and IV only".

• Different birds have different types of vision.
• The type of vision they have depends on their source of food.

Monocular vision:

• Birds with eyes on the sides of their heads have a wide visual field.
• It is useful for detecting prey.
• Such birds can focus on two different things at a time.
• When they look straight ahead, both their eyes focus on the same object.
• They don't have to move their heads to see around.
• They can see four times as far as we can.
• Example: Kites, Eagles, Vultures.

Binocular vision:

• While those with eyes on the front of their heads have binocular vision.
• Such birds can estimate distances when hunting.
• They have to move their heads to see around. 
• The binocular vision of birds makes them see distinctly.
• Example: Owl, Crows, Doves, Peacock, Nightingales, Parrots, Pigeons etc.

Thus, Kites, Eagles and Vultures can see up to 8 meters away.

Xerophytes are plants which are adjusted to dry/desert zones. To survive these unforgiving conditions, they have uncommon elements. For instance, a desert plant has white hairs which avert water misfortune.

Elephants sleep for 4 to 6 hours a day. Normally they rest only two hours mainly at night. They do not like to take too much rest because of their heavy bodies. An adult elephant can consume 600 pounds of food in a single day. A newborn baby elephant weighs between 90-121 kg. So, a three-month-old baby elephant generally weighs about 2 quintals.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'A three-months-old baby elephant generally weighs about 2 quintals.'

• The moon that we see pretty much consistently is a characteristic/natural satellite of the Earth.
• This implies that the moon rotates around the earth in a customary way.
• The gravitational fascination between the earth and the regular satellite holds it in its circle even as the moon spins around the earth.
• Therefore, gravity on the earth is greater than that of the moon.
• Being our nearest divine neighbor shows up enormous contrasted with the stars.
• Truth be told, every one of the stars and planets is bigger than the moon however are far away to the point that they show up tiny in the examination.

Explanation:

• The moon's surface is covered by rocks and free soil which we call lunar soil.
• It is pitted with pits of various sizes due to shooting stars that hit its surface.
• On the planet, these shooting stars wreck in our environment before they arrive at the ground.
• The eminent body has no light of its own; it can just mirror light from the sun.
• Just the side of the moon which points toward the sun can mirror this light and can show up splendid; the opposite side seems dim.
• As this divine body spins around the earth we can see various measures of the locale enlightened by the sun.
• Consequently, it seems to change its shape which is called as Phases of Moon.

Water contamination is the defilement of water bodies like lakes, streams, seas, aquifers and groundwater. This type of natural corruption happens when contaminations are specifically or in a roundabout way released into water bodies without satisfactory treatment to evacuate unsafe mixes.

Growing the same crop over and over and using so many chemicals makes the soil barren. Fertilizer is recognized as the substance that is used to add nutrients to the soil to promote soil fertility and increase plant growth. However, if  these chemical fertilizers are used continuously, it depletes essential soil nutrients and minerals that are naturally found in fertile soil.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Barren.'

Fossil Fuels:

• Fossil fuels are formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of buried organisms under heat and pressure.
• Some exhaustible natural resources like coal, petroleum and natural gas are formed from the dead remains of living organisms (fossils) so, these are all known as fossil fuels.
• Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources and must be burned to release their energy.
• It releases sulphur, nitrogen, carbon, etc. gases in the atmosphere which causes the greenhouse effect and pollution.

The activity will help the students to gain first-hand experience. This helps in better retention of the concepts.

The process of releasing the edible part of the grain (or other crops) from the chaff to which it is attached is recognized as threshing. It is the step that takes place in grain preparation after reaping. The process does not remove the bran from the grain.
Threshing began in 1786 with the invention of the thresher by Scotsman Andrew Meikle. In developed areas, it is done by machine, normally by a combine harvester, which harvests, threshes and winnows the grain while it is still within the field.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Threshing.'

Environmental Studies are the study of the environment in the context of earth and living things. It is more concerned with the scientific attitude to explore, investigate, and develop an understanding of our natural, human, social and cultural dimensions of local and wider environments. Reasons that students do not take part in learning EVS in schools:

• Poverty, Accessibility and Availability: Often, schools are used for other purposes rather than what a school is meant for. For example, as an election booth, relief camp. Hence, there is no place for students to study.
• The School and Teachers: Sometimes school becomes a 'toxic' place for students where he does not like to come. For example, getting expelled for "talking back to teacher". He should be provided remedial teaching in such cases. Poor teaching and hostile environment of school also lead to teaching-learning EVS.
• Lack of Interest: Many a time students do not take interest in studies. Reason can be many behind this, as interest in sports, music, or sometimes teachers fail to create interest.
• Excessive Academic Pressure from School and Parents: The higher expectation is something students can not cope up with. Every parent needs to understand that a child has his own capability and interest, which makes him different from other children.

Hence, all the above points are reasons that students do not take part in learning EVS in schools.

An imprint of railway ticket can give all information about the journey to the students.

Mount Everest is the highest peak located in Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas in Nepal and the height of its peak is 8900 m. The English name of the peak is given by the Royal Geographical Society in 1865. Although it attracts many climbers yet as per the reports in 2019, over 300 people have died on Everest.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'It is a part of Nepal and the height of its peak is 8900 m.'

In the EVS curriculum, the Fuels are covered under the major theme Travel. The concept of fuels should be taught in an integrated manner so that it could be beneficial for students.

• We all know that the main sources of fuels for transport or any other activities like cooking, etc. are fossil fuels. The commonly known fossil fuels are coal, underground natural gas, or petroleum products.
• At the primary stage, children may not be aware of the concepts like underground fossil fuels but they may be familiar with electricity, petrol, diesel, kerosene, cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes etc. They are definitely aware of the debates on a hike in petrol and cooking gas prices through various TV channels, newspapers and even at their homes.

Unstructured observation is an important tool for collecting assessment data because it does not interrupt the daily life of classroom- thereby being strong on reliability and validity. An unstructured observation records incidents that take place spontaneously. This observation must be shared with the parents and the learners.
Formal tests, Examinations, and Pass or fail categories for primary students may not help the student to learn. These enhance rote memorization, which is not the motive of teaching.

The Primary level is a level of education where children are exposed to various concepts. The aim of science education at this level is to develop an understanding among the students by providing them with multiple facts. It also helps them understand various processes of science. It also creates a historical and developmental perspective of science.
Hence, the correct answer is "All of the above".

Assessment is a process of collecting, receiving, and using data for improvement in the learning process.