Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
As concern about radiation from phones and base stations continues to grow, health experts advice a change of habits-spending less time on the phone, using landline, and texting rather than calling-to cut the risk. The risk of brain cancer as a result of excessive use of phones cannot be ruled out. Reduced use of mobile phones is advised, Cancer is an extreme example. We get many cases of parents complaining that their children lack concentration, get headache and have behavioral problems. This cannot be proved, though. A scientist with ICMR said exposure to radio frequency radiation has a thermal effects, caused by holding a phone close to the body, and also a non-thermal effect which can be attributed to the induced electromagnetic effects inside biological cells. The non-thermal effect is possibly more harmful. People who are chronically exposed to low level wireless antenna emissions and users of mobile phone handsets have reported feeling several unspecific symptoms.
Q. How can the chances of brain cancer be reduced?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
As concern about radiation from phones and base stations continues to grow, health experts advice a change of habits-spending less time on the phone, using landline, and texting rather than calling-to cut the risk. The risk of brain cancer as a result of excessive use of phones cannot be ruled out. Reduced use of mobile phones is advised, Cancer is an extreme example. We get many cases of parents complaining that their children lack concentration, get headache and have behavioral problems. This cannot be proved, though. A scientist with ICMR said exposure to radio frequency radiation has a thermal effects, caused by holding a phone close to the body, and also a non-thermal effect which can be attributed to the induced electromagnetic effects inside biological cells. The non-thermal effect is possibly more harmful. People who are chronically exposed to low level wireless antenna emissions and users of mobile phone handsets have reported feeling several unspecific symptoms.
Q. Which is more harmful out of the given below?
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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
As concern about radiation from phones and base stations continues to grow, health experts advice a change of habits-spending less time on the phone, using landline, and texting rather than calling-to cut the risk. The risk of brain cancer as a result of excessive use of phones cannot be ruled out. Reduced use of mobile phones is advised, Cancer is an extreme example. We get many cases of parents complaining that their children lack concentration, get headache and have behavioral problems. This cannot be proved, though. A scientist with ICMR said exposure to radio frequency radiation has a thermal effects, caused by holding a phone close to the body, and also a non-thermal effect which can be attributed to the induced electromagnetic effects inside biological cells. The non-thermal effect is possibly more harmful. People who are chronically exposed to low level wireless antenna emissions and users of mobile phone handsets have reported feeling several unspecific symptoms.
Q. What are the complaints made by the parents?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
If you are worried by the radiation emitted by cell phone towers around you, there is some good news. From September 1, this year, India will lower the level to one tenth of the prevailing standard from 9.2 w/m2 to 0.92 w/m2. The decision follows a report of the inter-ministerial committee formed by the Ministry of communications and Information Technology to study the hazards posed by e.m.f radiation from base stations and mobile phones. Sharma said lowering of the limit is a preventive step against serious health risks posed by radiation emitted from towers which includes the possibility of developing certain types of cancer. The cause and effect relationship though hasn't been established yet. The department of telecommunications has also issued directions for reducing the specific absorption rate, a measure of the amount of radio frequency energy absorbed by the body while using a phone
Q. What is meant by worry in the passages?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
If you are worried by the radiation emitted by cell phone towers around you, there is some good news. From September 1, this year, India will lower the level to one tenth of the prevailing standard from 9.2 w/m2 to 0.92 w/m2. The decision follows a report of the inter-ministerial committee formed by the Ministry of communications and Information Technology to study the hazards posed by e.m.f radiation from base stations and mobile phones. Sharma said lowering of the limit is a preventive step against serious health risks posed by radiation emitted from towers which includes the possibility of developing certain types of cancer. The cause and effect relationship though hasn't been established yet. The department of telecommunications has also issued directions for reducing the specific absorption rate, a measure of the amount of radio frequency energy absorbed by the body while using a phone
Q. What was the outcome of the committee?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
If you are worried by the radiation emitted by cell phone towers around you, there is some good news. From September 1, this year, India will lower the level to one tenth of the prevailing standard from 9.2 w/m2 to 0.92 w/m2. The decision follows a report of the inter-ministerial committee formed by the Ministry of communications and Information Technology to study the hazards posed by e.m.f radiation from base stations and mobile phones. Sharma said lowering of the limit is a preventive step against serious health risks posed by radiation emitted from towers which includes the possibility of developing certain types of cancer. The cause and effect relationship though hasn't been established yet. The department of telecommunications has also issued directions for reducing the specific absorption rate, a measure of the amount of radio frequency energy absorbed by the body while using a phone
Q. Why was the inter-ministerial committee formed by the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
In a country where more than 400 million people live without electricity, it isn't political rhetoric and policies filtered through many layers of bureaucracy that will benefit people. An innovative approach to identifying and addressing the basic lack of infrastructure works best. This is best exemplified by the initiative to convert rice husks into electricity in Bihar. Pioneered by a company called Husk Power Systems, established in 2007, by Bihar native Gyanesh Pandey along with three partners- it's a peculiarly Indian initiative, making a virtue out of the necessity of low-cost solutions to large scale problems. In essence, Pandey and his partners have devised an electric distribution system powered by the waste product of rice husks, generated when rice is milled- something in abundant supply in Bihar where, it is estimated, 1.8 billion kg of rice husk are produced annually
Q. What is the best initiative taken?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
In a country where more than 400 million people live without electricity, it isn't political rhetoric and policies filtered through many layers of bureaucracy that will benefit people. An innovative approach to identifying and addressing the basic lack of infrastructure works best. This is best exemplified by the initiative to convert rice husks into electricity in Bihar. Pioneered by a company called Husk Power Systems, established in 2007, by Bihar native Gyanesh Pandey along with three partners- it's a peculiarly Indian initiative, making a virtue out of the necessity of low-cost solutions to large scale problems. In essence, Pandey and his partners have devised an electric distribution system powered by the waste product of rice husks, generated when rice is milled- something in abundant supply in Bihar where, it is estimated, 1.8 billion kg of rice husk are produced annually
Q. What is the problem that led to the innovation?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
Once upon a time I went for a week's holiday in the continent with an Indian friend. We both enjoyed ourselves and were sorry when the week was over, but on parting our behavior was absolutely different. He was plunged in despair. He felt that because the holiday was over all happiness was over until the world ended. He could not express his sorrow too much. But in me the Englishman came out strong ! could not see what there was to make a fuss about. It wasn't as if we were parting forever or dying. "Buck up", I said, "do buck up". He refused to buck up and I left him plugged in gloom
Q. What does the author mean by "Buck up"?
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. Your answer to these questions should be based on passage only.
Once upon a time I went for a week's holiday in the continent with an Indian friend. We both enjoyed ourselves and were sorry when the week was over, but on parting our behavior was absolutely different. He was plunged in despair. He felt that because the holiday was over all happiness was over until the world ended. He could not express his sorrow too much. But in me the Englishman came out strong ! could not see what there was to make a fuss about. It wasn't as if we were parting forever or dying. "Buck up", I said, "do buck up". He refused to buck up and I left him plugged in gloom
Q. What does "But in the Englishman came out strong" imply?
Direction: Despite promises of aid, the actual record of international aid to post-war reconstruction is deficient. Once the war ends, agencies involved in post-war relief efforts fail to understand how to start or restart economic development in a low income setting. They squander time, surplus aid funds and opportunities because they are not familiar with local conditions and don't understand their needs and viewpoints. There are distinct phases of outside help to end a conflict. In the first phase, focus is one providing instant food, water, shelter, medicine to refugees, this is the humanitarian. In the second phase emphasis is on the refugees' returning home while in the last phase long-term investments and strengthening of courts is the main focus.
Q. According to the passage, post-conflict reconstruction effects have failed because of?
Direction: Despite promises of aid, the actual record of international aid to post-war reconstruction is deficient. Once the war ends, agencies involved in post-war relief efforts fail to understand how to start or restart economic development in a low income setting. They squander time, surplus aid funds and opportunities because they are not familiar with local conditions and don't understand their needs and viewpoints. There are distinct phases of outside help to end a conflict. In the first phase, focus is one providing instant food, water, shelter, medicine to refugees, this is the humanitarian. In the second phase emphasis is on the refugees' returning home while in the last phase long-term investments and strengthening of courts is the main focus.
Q. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?
Direction: Despite promises of aid, the actual record of international aid to post-war reconstruction is deficient. Once the war ends, agencies involved in post-war relief efforts fail to understand how to start or restart economic development in a low income setting. They squander time, surplus aid funds and opportunities because they are not familiar with local conditions and don't understand their needs and viewpoints. There are distinct phases of outside help to end a conflict. In the first phase, focus is one providing instant food, water, shelter, medicine to refugees, this is the humanitarian. In the second phase emphasis is on the refugees' returning home while in the last phase long-term investments and strengthening of courts is the main focus.
Q. Where does the problem lie in implementing post-war relief measures?
Direction: Once a conflict gets over, aid agencies sanctioned by the world Bank send study groups instead of requisite personnel. There is a gap of several years before moving from humanitarian relief to economic development and hence political stability. By the time such help arrives the war has restarted. It is possible to restart economic development through targeted "quick impact" initiatives. Most economies in post-conflict countries are based on agriculture. Providing free packages of seeds, fertilizers and low-cost agricultural tools will ensure that former soldiers will return to their farms and establish their livelihood. But the window of opportunity closes quickly and one has to implement these measures almost immediately.
Q. According to the passage, how can political stability be achieved?
Direction: Once a conflict gets over, aid agencies sanctioned by the world Bank send study groups instead of requisite personnel. There is a gap of several years before moving from humanitarian relief to economic development and hence political stability. By the time such help arrives the war has restarted. It is possible to restart economic development through targeted "quick impact" initiatives. Most economies in post-conflict countries are based on agriculture. Providing free packages of seeds, fertilizers and low-cost agricultural tools will ensure that former soldiers will return to their farms and establish their livelihood. But the window of opportunity closes quickly and one has to implement these measures almost immediately.
Q. What is the benefit of "Quick Impact" aid?
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