Mock Test: General Awareness - 10 - AFCAT MCQ

Article 20 of the Indian Constitution provides protection against double jeopardy, which means a person cannot be prosecuted or punished twice for the same offence.

A monopoly exists when there is only one seller in the market, offering a unique product or service without any close substitutes. This lack of competition can lead to higher prices and reduced consumer choice.

NPA stands for Non-Performing Asset, which refers to a classification of loans or advances that have stopped generating interest income for banks due to non-payment by the borrowers.

The instrument used to measure the intensity of sound is (d) sound level meter. A sound level meter is specifically designed to measure the sound pressure level or intensity of sound waves in decibels (dB). It is commonly used in environmental noise monitoring, industrial hygiene, and acoustic research.

The Estimates Committee plays a role in legislative control by examining the budget estimates to ensure that they are prepared realistically and in line with actual expenditures.

The Victoria Memorial, an iconic structure built during the British colonial era, is located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Gandhi attended the Khilafat Movement conference and worked for it with the objective of securing Hindu-Muslim unity, which was essential for the attainment of Swaraj. Therefore, the correct answer is Option A.

The Act of 1858 established the India Council consisting of fifteen members, whose primary role was to advise the Secretary of State for India. This council provided guidance on various matters, including financial decisions and policies.

Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India and also has the highest population density among all states. Its large population is concentrated in a relatively small area, leading to high population density.

The role of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) in relation to the audit of public corporations includes conducting supplementary audits or test audits when necessary. Some public corporations are audited by private auditors appointed by the government.

The correct answer is B: President appoints the prime minister. President cannot appoint any leader as Prime Minister, but only the leader of the majority party.

- The President's role is to appoint the Prime Minister, who is typically the leader of the majority party in the parliament.
- This process ensures that the Prime Minister has the support of the majority of elected representatives.
- The President does not have the authority to personally select any individual as Prime Minister but must appoint the leader of the party that holds the majority in the legislature.

The country that was previously known as Ceylon is Sri Lanka. The name change took place in 1972 when the country became a republic and adopted its current name.

James Watt is credited with significant improvements to the steam engine, making it more efficient and practical for various applications. Although steam engines were developed earlier by other inventors, Watt's contributions, including the separate condenser and rotary motion mechanisms, greatly enhanced their efficiency and usefulness.

Dr. Joon Lew - Recipient of International Gandhi Award
Dr. Joon Lew of Korea is a renowned figure who has made significant contributions in the field of humanitarian service. He has been recognized for his exceptional work and dedication, which led to him being awarded the prestigious International Gandhi Award. Let's explore the area in which Dr. Joon Lew has made a difference:
Eradication of leprosy
- Dr. Joon Lew has played a pivotal role in the eradication of leprosy, a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin, nerves, and upper respiratory tract.
- He has worked relentlessly to raise awareness about leprosy and its prevention, as well as to provide medical assistance and support to individuals affected by the disease.
- Through his efforts, Dr. Joon Lew has contributed significantly to reducing the stigma associated with leprosy and improving the lives of those affected.
It is important to note that Dr. Joon Lew's work in eradicating leprosy aligns with the principles of Mahatma Gandhi, who advocated for the upliftment and empowerment of marginalized communities.
In conclusion, Dr. Joon Lew's service in the eradication of leprosy has made him a deserving recipient of the International Gandhi Award. His dedication and efforts have positively impacted the lives of many individuals affected by this disease, bringing hope and support to those in need.

Answer:
Introduction:
The NHL goaltender with the most career wins is Grant Fuhr. He had an illustrious career spanning from 1981 to 2000, playing for several teams including the Edmonton Oilers, Toronto Maple Leafs, Buffalo Sabres, Los Angeles Kings, and St. Louis Blues.
Details:
Here are the details regarding the career wins of the mentioned goaltenders:
- Grant Fuhr: Grant Fuhr recorded a total of 403 career wins, making him the NHL goaltender with the most wins. He achieved this milestone in 868 regular-season games played.
- Patrick Roy: Patrick Roy, another legendary goaltender, is second on the list with 551 career wins. He played for the Montreal Canadiens and Colorado Avalanche during his career, which spanned from 1984 to 2003.
- Chris Osgood: Chris Osgood had a successful career with the Detroit Red Wings, New York Islanders, and St. Louis Blues. He accumulated 401 career wins, placing him third on the all-time list.
- Mike Vernon: Mike Vernon recorded 385 career wins during his time with the Calgary Flames, Detroit Red Wings, San Jose Sharks, and Florida Panthers. He is ranked fourth in terms of career wins among NHL goaltenders.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Grant Fuhr holds the record for the most career wins by an NHL goaltender with 403 wins. His contributions to the Edmonton Oilers' success in the 1980s and his consistency throughout his career solidify his place in NHL history.

Next Winter Olympics Details:

• Scheduled Year: 2018


• Host City: Pyeongchang, South Korea


• Official Name: XXIII Olympic Winter Games


• Dates: February 9 to February 25, 2018

About Pyeongchang, South Korea:

• Pyeongchang is a county in the Gangwon Province of South Korea.


• It is a popular destination for winter sports and known for its ski resorts.


• The region has a cold climate, making it suitable for hosting winter sports events.

Preparations for the 2018 Winter Olympics:

• Pyeongchang has been making significant infrastructural developments to host the games.


• New venues and facilities have been constructed to accommodate various winter sports competitions.


• The organizers have been working on ensuring the safety and security of all participants and spectators.


• Cultural events and activities are also being planned to showcase the rich heritage of South Korea.

Significance of the Winter Olympics:

• The Winter Olympics bring together athletes from around the world to compete in various cold-weather sports.


• It promotes international cooperation, sportsmanship, and unity among nations.


• Athletes strive to achieve their personal best and represent their countries with pride.


• The event also attracts a global audience and generates economic benefits for the host city and country.

Only statement 2 is correct.

• LNG is natural gas reduced to a liquid state (liquefaction) through intense cooling to around -161 degrees Celsius (-259 Fahrenheit). This liquid gas is 600 times smaller than the original volume and is half the weight of water.
• The compressed fossil fuel, which is constituted almost wholly of methane— a potent greenhouse gas —, can be transported around the world by ship. After arriving at its destination, the cargo is regasified in a floating terminal and redistributed through pipelines.
• But despite LNG’s export potential, the high cost of liquefaction and producing LNG has limited its market.
• The cooling, liquefying and transport processes, as well as the post-transport regasification procedures, also require a lot of energy.
• Because of LNG’s much more complex production and transport process, the risks of methane leakages along the production, transport and regasification chain are simply much higher and therefore much more emissions-intensive.

Statement 3 is incorrect.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.

World Trade Organization, as an institution, was established in 1995. It replaced General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) which was in place since 1946.

• The WTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement, signed by 123 nations on 15 April 1994.
• India has been a member of GATT since 1948; hence it was party to Uruguay Round and a founding member of WTO.
• While WTO came in to existence in 1995, GATT didn’t cease to exist. It continues as WTO’s umbrella treaty for trade in goods.

Humidity is the amount of moisture in the air around us, and there are three ways to track it. The most common of them is absolute humidity: the mass of water vapour in a given volume of the air and water vapour mixture, expressed as kg/m³. The second is specific humidity, equal to the mass of the moisture divided by the mass of air. It is expressed as a dimensionless number (but sometimes also as grams per kilogram, among other similar units.

The third way is relative humidity: it is important because it factors in the amount of vapour that air can hold at different temperatures. 

• Under Article 105(2) of the Constitution, “no Member of Parliament shall be liable to any proceedings in any court in respect of anything said…in Parliament or any committee thereof”. However, MPs don’t enjoy the freedom to say whatever they want inside the House.
• The speech of MPs is subject to the discipline of the Rules of Parliament, “good sense” of its Members, and the control of proceedings by the Speaker. These checks ensure that MPs cannot use “defamatory or indecent or undignified or unparliamentary words” inside the House.
• Rule 380 (“Expunction”) of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha says: “If the Speaker is of opinion that words have been used in debate which are defamatory or indecent or unparliamentary or undignified, the Speaker may, while exercising discretion order that such words be expunged from the proceedings of the House.”
• Rule 381 says: “The portion of the proceedings of the House so expunged shall be marked by asterisks and an explanatory footnote shall be inserted in the proceedings as follows: ‘Expunged as ordered by the Chair’.”