NVS Lab Attendant Mock Test - 3 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

Option B is the right ans

The correct answer is To establish a Welfare State.

Key Points

• The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) were included in the Indian Constitution to establish a welfare state, which is a concept of government where the state has a responsibility for the welfare of its citizens.
• DPSP represents the ideals and aspirations of the framers of the Constitution, who wanted India to be a welfare state.
• The concept of a welfare state implies that it plays a key role in protecting and promoting its citizens' social and economic well-being, essentially based on the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those who lack the minimal necessities of a good life.
• The principles include various socioeconomic rights, environmental rights, and administrative instructions to the government

Additional Information

• Though the establishment of social and economic justice is an important goal of DPSP, they are meant for more than this.
• They are aimed at realizing the high ideals of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity as outlined in the Preamble to the Constitution.
• Economic and social justice is a part of the larger concept of the welfare of the state.
• In order to reach total justice as envisaged by our Constitution makers, our Constitution introduced comprehensive DPSP, which if implemented in their true spirit, may result in an egalitarian society.

The correct answer is Lord Mayo.

Key Points 

• In 1872, Lord Mayo, the Viceroy of India was assassinated at Port Blair by Sher Ali. Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.
• Sher Ali was given life imprisonment at the penal settlement in the Andaman Islands when he stabbed and killed Lord Mayo.
• In February 1872, Lord Mayo was on a vice-regal visit to the Province of British Burma, which, since the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852, had been administered by a Chief Commissioner as part of the East India Company's (EIC) domains headquartered in Calcutta.

Additional Information

• Lord Mayo (1869-1872)
  • Opening of the Rajkot College in Kathiawar and the Mayo College at Ajmer for political training of Indian princes.
  • Establishment of Statistical Survey of India.
  • Establishment of the Department of Agriculture and Commerce.
  • Introduction of state railways.

• Meaning of Hesitated: Pause in indecision before saying or doing something.
• Meaning of Stopped: (of an event, action, or process) come to an end; cease to happen.
• Meaning of Paused: interrupt action or speech briefly
• Meaning of Slowed: reduce one's speed or the speed of a vehicle or process
• Meaning of Postponed: cause or arrange for (something) to take place at a time later than that first scheduled

Let us first learn the meanings of the given words:

Reverberate (verb): be repeated several times.

Echo (verb): repeat (someone's words or opinions), typically to express agreement.

Resonate (verb): to produce or be filled with clear, continuing sound.

The idea here is to express that the end of FTX is a continuous topic of discussion, thus all the options are apt contextually and grammatically.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.

'उत्थान' का विलोम शब्द पतन है।

उत्थान का विलोम पतन होता है।

• उत्थान का अर्थ - उठना
• पतन का अर्थ - गिरना

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• पातन का अर्थ होता है - नीचे ढकेलने की क्रिया या भाव
• पाटन का अर्थ होता है - छेदने की क्रिया
• पतान का कुछ अर्थ नहीं होता है।

Additional Informationविलोम के उदाहरण -

• मूक - वाचाल
• सम्पन्न - विपन्न
• सम्मुख - विमुख
• मितव्ययी - अपव्ययी
• स्मरण - विस्मरण
• नीरस - सरस
• पक्ष - प्रतिपक्ष
• ज्योति - तम
• अथ - इति

• 'निर्झर - निर्जर' शब्द युग्म का सही अर्थ - 'झरना - देवता' l
  • निर्झर - निर्जर यह दोनों 'श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक' शब्दों के उदाहरण है l
• निर्झर का अर्थ:- झरना l
• निर्जर का अर्थ:- देवता l
  • अन्य विकल्प 'निर्झर - निर्जर' शब्दों का सही अर्थ ना बताने के कारण गलत उत्तर है l

Additional Information

• ऐसे शब्द जो पढ़ने और सुनने में लगभग एक-से लगते हैं, परंतु अर्थ की दृष्टि से भिन्न्न होते हैं, श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक शब्द कहलाते हैं।

श्रुतिसम भिन्नार्थक शब्द के उदाहरण :-

• अलि - भौंरा - फूलों पर बहुत-से अलि मँडरा रहे है।
• अली - सखी - राधा की एक अली का नाम शांता था।
• नीर - पानी - भाषा बहता हुआ नीर होती है।
• नीड़ - घोंसला - रात में पंछी अपने-अपने नीड़ों में विश्राम करते हैं।

One word substitution is Agenda.

Schedule: A plan for carrying out a process or procedure, giving lists of intended events and times.

Timetable: A chart showing the departure and arrival times of trains, buses, or aircraft.a chart showing the departure and arrival times of trains, buses, or aircraft.

Agenda: A list of items to be discussed at a formal meeting.

Plan: A detailed proposal for doing or achieving something.

ऊन शब्द उपसर्ग नहीं है।

• ऊन शब्द प्रत्यय है।
• प्रत्यय - जो किसी शब्द के बाद लगकर (शब्द के अंत में जुड़कर) उस शब्द के अर्थ को बदल देते हैं और नए अर्थ का बोध कराते है, प्रत्यय कहलाते है।

Key Pointsअन्य सभी विकल्प उपसर्ग के उदाहरण है -

• अन उपसर्ग से बना शब्द - अनदेखा (अन प्रत्यय तथा देखा मूल शब्द)
• अव उपसर्ग से बना शब्द - अवतार (अव उपसर्ग तथा तार मूल शब्द)
• उन उपसर्ग से बना शब्द - उनतीस (उन उपसर्ग तथा तीस मूल शब्द है)

Key Points

• उपसर्ग - उपसर्ग = उप (समीप) + सर्ग (सृष्टि करना)
• इसका अर्थ है- किसी शब्द के समीप आ कर नया शब्द बनाना।
• जो शब्दांश शब्दों के आदि में जुड़ कर उनके अर्थ में कुछ विशेषता लाते हैं, वे उपसर्ग कहलाते है।

'Pour oil on troubled waters' and 'bury the hatchet', both these idioms mean 'to make peace', this contextually fit in the blank.
'Have a blast' denotes 'have a good time'. This idiom does not contextually fit in the blank.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

सही उत्तर मिश्र वाक्य है।

Key Points

• जहाँ गंगा, यमुना बहती है, वह देश उपजाऊ है। मिश्र वाक्य है।
• जिस वाक्य में एक प्रधान उपवाक्य तथा एक या एक से अधिक आश्रित उपवाक्य हों उसे मिश्र वाक्य कहते हैं।
• मिश्र वाक्य के सभी उपवाक्य योजक शब्दों से प्रारंभ हों तो वाक्य का अंतिम उपवाक्य प्रधान उपवाक्य तथा शेष सभी उपवाक्य आश्रित उपवाक्य होंगे।
  • उदाहरण- मेरा दृढ़ विश्वास है कि भारत जीतेगा।
  • सफल वही होता है जो परिश्रम करता है।

Additional Information

Use structure “subject + auxiliary + past participle + by + object”
As per the given above sentence is given in Passive Voice.
The patient was advised by the doctor not to eat rice.
Therefore ,required answer will be option A .

Venue: This term typically refers to a specific location where an event or activity takes place. It often carries the connotation of being chosen or designated for a particular purpose, such as a concert venue, a wedding venue, or a courtroom.

Place: "Place" is a more general term that can refer to any location or area, whether specific or undefined.

According to Rutherford’s model of atom, The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.but it has a drawback:The orbital revolution of the electron is not expected to be stable. Any particle in a circular orbit would undergo acceleration .During acceleration, charged particles would radiate energy. Thus, the revolving electron would lose energy and finally fall into the nucleus. If this were so, the atom should be highly unstable and hence matter would not exist in the form that we know. 

NaCl is a neutral salt formed by the reaction between strong acid HCl and strong base NaOH. The reaction occurs as follows.

Concept:

Ecosystem: 

• All organisms such as plants, animals, microorganisms and human beings as well as the physical surroundings interact with each other and maintain a balance in nature.
• All the interacting organisms in an area together with the non-living constituents of the environment form an ecosystem.
• The term ecosystem was coined by Tansley.

Explanation:

Components of an ecosystem:

Biotic Components: 

• It includes producers, consumers and decomposers.
• All living things have a direct or indirect influence on other organisms in an environment.
• Example: plants, animals, humans, microorganisms etc.

Abiotic components: 

• All the inorganic components of the ecosystem, non-living physical and chemical composition of nature are abiotic components.
• The biotic constituent of the environment includes soil, water, air, climate, temperature, light etc.
• This part of the environment mainly determines the type of habitat or living conditions of the living population.

Important Points

The abiotic constituent of the environment is again divided into three parts. These are: 

Thus, the correct match is:

• Receptors: These are specialized structures that detect stimuli and convert them into electrical signals.


• Sensory neuron: The electrical signals generated by receptors are transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS) via sensory neurons.


• Spinal cord: In the spinal cord, the sensory signals are processed and a response is generated.


• Motor neuron: The response signal is then transmitted from the CNS to the effector organ (muscle or gland) via motor neurons.


• Muscle: The effector organ (muscle) receives the signal and produces a response, such as contracting in the case of a muscle reflex.

Therefore, the correct sequence of the components of a reflex arc is: Receptors → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Muscle.

The correct answer is Salinization.

• Salinization is an increase in the total dissolved solids (TDS) as the salt of the aquifer caused by natural or anthropogenic factors.
• Salinization is a global problem.
  • It tends to be concentrated in the world’s arid and semi-arid regions.
• Gypsum (calcium sulfate) or lime can be used to help leach salt from the soil.

Important Points

• Desertification is an environmental degradation that reduces the productivity of dryland ecosystems by reducing plant.
  • Overgrazing is the major cause of desertification worldwide.
  • Other factors that cause desertification are urbanization, climate change, overuse of groundwater, deforestation, natural disasters, and tillage practices in agriculture that make soils more vulnerable to wind.
• Carbonization is a process in which fuel is heated (900–1,200 °C) without air to leave solid porous carbon.
  • By this process, cole creates coke and sub byproducts.
• Oxygenation is a process where the addition of oxygen takes place to any chemical or physical system, including the human body.
  • By the process of oxygenation of the water, fish and seafood farmers can protect their stock against oxygen deficiencies during peak consumption and growth periods.

Additional Information

• The dissolved oxygen content of the water can be expressed as the absolute quantity of oxygen in one unit of water (mg/l, ppm) or as relative oxygen saturation (%).

When live wire comes in direct contact with the neutral wire the very high current flows through the circuit producing a large amount of heat. This phenomenon is called the Short Circuit.

The correct option is Option C.
In 1831, while investigating the fertilization mechanisms of plants in the Orchidaceae and Asclepiadaceae families, he noted the existence of a structure within the cells of orchids, as well as many other plants, that he termed the “nucleus” of the cell.
Johann Evangelist Purkinje) (17 or 18 December 1787 – 28 July 1869) was a Czech anatomist and physiologist. In 1839, he coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of a cell. He was one of the best known scientists of his time.
The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, which can be found to be described in his book Micrographia. In this book, he gave 60 'observations' in detail of various objects under a coarse, compound microscope. One observation was from very thin slices of bottle cork.
By the late 1830s, botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory. The unified cell theory states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells.
 

If an object experience a net zero unbalanced force, than the body moves with constant velocity. Zero unbalanced force due to produce acceleration in the body.

Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂O 
(Manufacturing of bleaching powder)

The fourth shell of an atom can hold a maximum of 32 electrons, depending on the element. There are four subshells - 4s, 4p, 4d, and 4f - that can hold a maximum of 2, 6, 10, and 14 electrons, respectively, for a total of 32.

An ecosystem includes both living and non-living organisms.

Addition of hydrogen across C-C double bonds is called hydrogenation. Unsaturated hydrocarbons add hydrogen in the presence of catalysts such as nickel/palladium to give saturated hydrocarbons. Vegetable oils used for cooking are long unsaturated hydrocarbons which are healthy.