NVS PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 1 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

• The blue litmus paper will turn red when it comes into contact with an acidic solution.
• When a litmus paper is put in a solution, depending on what the solution is, the indicator will react with the solution and will change its colour.
• On the other hand, red litmus paper reacts to alkaline substances by turning blue.
• Note: Acid will turn red litmus paper to red only.No change.

Key PointsBiogas:

• Biogas is an emerging renewable, non-conventional energy source that is obtained through the degradation of organic matter by bacteria under anaerobic conditions.
• The major constituent of biogas is Methane.
• Biogas is usually made up of around 50-70% methane (CH4) and 25-45% carbon dioxide (CO2), with other gases such as hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), watervapour (H2O), Nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), ammonia (NH3) making up the rest.
• It is released when Cow, Buffalo, and Pig manure is processed anaerobically i.e. in the absence of Oxygen.
• Biogas can be used for Space Heating, Generation of Electricity, Fuel for Cooking, etc.

Important Points

Advantages of Biogas - 

• ​Biogas burns without smoke; hence no harmful gas such as CO₂, CO, NO₂, and SO₂ are evolved.
• The slurry produced after the production of biogas is used as manure in fields.
• The method of disposal is safe and efficient and hence no space is wasted in the form of landfills.
• Biogas plants require very little installation costs and become self-sufficient in a span of 3-4 months.
• Work opportunity for thousands of people is created, especially in rural areas.

Thus, Biogas is a non-conventional type of natural resource.

Additional Information

There are basically two sources of energy:

Concept:

• Plant growth hormones or phytohormones are simple molecules with complex chemical composition, that regulates the growth and physiology of plants.
• Based on their functions on the living plant body they can be classified into two groups:

1. Plant growth promoters - Promotes activities like cell division, cell enlargement, flowering, fruiting, etc. Eg. Auxins, Gibberellins & cytokinins.
2. Plant growth inhibitors - They are involved in various growth-inhibiting activities like dormancy, and abscission. Eg. Abscisic acid.

• Gaseous PGR like ethylene can be put into both groups, however, it is largely an inhibitor of growth activities.

Explanation:

• Ethylene is a simple gaseous PGR.
• It is synthesized in large amounts by tissues undergoing senescence and ripening fruits.
• Influences of ethylene on plants include horizontal growth of seedlings, swelling of the axis, and apical hook formation in dicot seedlings.
• Ethylene promotes senescence and abscission of plant organs, especially of leaves and flowers.
• Ethylene is highly effective in fruit ripening. It enhances the respiration rate during the ripening of the fruits. This rise in the rate of respiration is called respiratory climactic.
• Ethylene breaks seed and bud dormancy, initiates germination in peanut seeds, sprouting of potato tubers.
• Ethylene promotes rapid internode/petiole elongation in deepwater rice plants.
• It helps leaves/ upper parts of the shoot to remain above water.
• Ethylene also promotes root growth and root hair formation, thus helping the plants to increase their absorption surface.

Additional Information

The pattern followed here is;

15 is the wrong term that doesn't follow the pattern here.

There should be 12.5 in place of 15.

Hence, "15" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

In the first row,

The first figure is surrounded by two circles.

The second figure is surrounded by one circle.

The third figure is not surrounded by any circle.

In the second row,

The first figure is surrounded by one square.

The second figure is not surrounded by any square.

 In the third figure there is no outline.

In the third row,

The first figure is surrounded by two triangles.

The second figure is surrounded by one triangle.

And,

The third figure should not be surrounded by any triangle.

The correct image that fits is,

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Original number - 7 6 5 3 4 2 1 8

Hence, required digit = 6

According to the given information:

So, the cube of the number 2 is 8.

But in the statement, 'eight' is called 'nine'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Nine".

The logic followed is:

It is given that Rajat has 64% marks in 10th, an age of 27 years, and work experience of 5 years.

It is clearly mentioned in the criteria that 10th marks should be greater than 60% for job Quality check Engineer and greater than 65% for job Software Engineer.

Rajat got 64% marks in 10th and has work experience of 5 years.

Therefore, Rajat qualifies for the job of Quality check Engineer.

Hence, the correct answer is "Quality check Engineer".

Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications. ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audiovisual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system.

• ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication device, encompassing radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware, satellite systems, and so on, as well as the various services and appliances with them such as video conferencing and distance learning.

Key Points

• ICT can be used as an assessment tool to evaluate students. The term ‘assessment’ in education means the procedure that is used to collect information about the knowledge, attitude, and skills of a learner. There are various ways to carry out assessment: oral, aural, written, and performance-based.
• Online assessment is an ICT-enable evaluation method. Online assessment is the process of conducting a test online to gauge the participants’ learning and mastery over a particular subject.
• An online assessment may be administered with a specific intent, such as ascertaining a candidate’s skills, knowledge, or learning abilities.
• In simple terms, an online assessment is a structured, meticulous evaluation of an individual’s skills, characteristics, knowledge, or expertise. The test is hosted online via modern web-based technologies.
• Online assessments comprise a series of questions that assess multiple aspects of a test-taker and are created based on the job role, level, and competency requirements.

Hence, it could be concluded that Online assessment is an ICT-enable evaluation method.

Additional Information

• Personal interviews: Personal interview is basically a meeting organized by a recruiter in which he evaluates a potential employee for prospective employment. However, this meeting should be considered as a two-way process between the candidate and the interviewer. So, it is not an ICT-enabled evaluation method, rather, it is a meeting to check one's capability.
• Pen and paper tests: It is a written exam (with a pen & paper), as opposed to an exam taken electronically (via computer). So, it is not an ICT-enabled evaluation method.
• A student portfolio is a compilation of academic work and other forms of educational evidence assembled for the purpose of (1) evaluating coursework quality, learning progress, and academic achievement; (2) determining whether students have met learning standards or other academic requirements for courses, grade-level promotion, and graduation; (3) helping students reflect on their academic goals and progress as learners; and (4) creating a lasting archive of academic work products, accomplishments, and other documentation. So, it is not an ICT-enabled evaluation method.

Information and communication technology (ICT) in education is the approach to education that makes use of ICT to assist, improve, and optimize information delivery.Key Points

• Today's children grow up surrounded by technology. Technology is enabling changes in the educational system.
• Through the use of technology, the teacher's role is changed from that of a traditional knowledge provider to that of a facilitator, who guides the student's learning processes and participates in collaborative problem-solving with them.
• Students may still easily access content information right now. More individuals will utilize the internet to find information during the next ten years.
• As a result, the teacher's job will no longer just involve giving pupils knowledge; it will involve guiding them in selecting the relevant information from a bundle of data and becoming a coordinator for them.

The advent of ICT in education has resulted in the utilization of a number of varied technologies in education and training. These technologies are:

Teleconferencing:

• This method propagates meeting through telecommunication.
• Audio and video conferences, computer and web-based conferences are some of the types of teleconferencing methods available.
• The main advantages of this method of interactive communication is that it saves time, less expensive, caters to large audiences, allows flexibility and accessibility.
• It becomes easier to teach children in remote locations.
• Centralized teaching and real-time learning are also the advantages of teleconferencing.

Emailing: It is a means of exchanging information electronically. It can be used as a way of communication between the instructors and students.

Blogging: It is an online journal where thoughts and ideas about a subject can be shared with the readers. It can be used as an educational tool to foster a community of l

In explore learning phase, the students investigate the topic more thoroughly. They need not be over-directed and need to find their way to the materials. They will need some direction and the teacher can circulate, asking important questions, listening to their interactions, and ensuring that they remain on task.
The 6 E's and S (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate, Extend, and Standards) lesson plan format was developed by teachers, in consultation with faculty from schools of education, and is based on a constructivist model of teaching. The lesson plans are based on constructivist instructional models, with activities and sections of the plan designed to have the students continually add (or construct) new knowledge on top of existing knowledge.

The stage of the embryo which nearly resembles a human being is called a fetus. Learning starts at fetal stage when a child starts reacting to different stimuli, as the sense organs are developed by this time.
The fetal nervous system starts developing very early in pregnancy. The main subdivisions of the brain are, in a basic form, visible at five gestational weeks. At about gestational weeks 25-29, the fetus is even able to hear internal (e.g. from the maternal gastrointestinal system) and external sounds. So, obviously the fetus gets a vague idea from the external environment through its senses, far before birth. Some studies even demonstrate that fetal heart rate patterns change distinctively, depending on whether the unborn child is exposed to the maternal voice or another female voice.

In preference to reduction of Zn²⁺ at cathode, O^2- (aq) is oxidised to O₂ at anode.

 2-bromomethyl-2-methyl-1-butanol: The bromine substitution occurs at the carbon bonded to oxygen but not at a chiral carbon. Thus option b satisfies the condition.

Metals have low ionization energy because of there tendency to lose electrons.

∆H_Vap = 30kJ/mol and ∆S = 75 J/K
∆G = ∆H - T∆S
At eqm, ∆G = 0
Therefore, ∆H = T∆S
Or T = 30×10³/75 = 400 K

Reducing agents reduce others by oxidizing itself. Elements which lose electron become oxidize and reduce other elements by donating electron.

Sum of number of neutrons and protons represents mass number. Tritium has 1 proton and 2 neutrons. 

As the number of moles of reactants and products is the same. Hence, they both will occupy equal volume at the same temperature.
Therefore, the reaction A i.e., H2 (g) +I2 (g) ⇌ 2HI (g) is not affected by change in pressure and volume.

Soda ash is Na₂CO₃.

Explanation: The atom which defines the structure of a family of organic compounds and their properties is called a functional group. Functional groups are specific groups of atoms or bonds within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.

• Castner Kellner cell is also called a mercury cathode cell.
• In this cell, Hg flows along the bottom of the cell and acts as a cathode in the left-hand compartment fitted with graphite anodes in brine (NaCl) solution, whereas the right-hand compartment is fitted with Fe cathodes dipped in very dilute NaOH solution and Hg acts as the anode in this compartment.
• Thus, Hg acts as an intermediate electrode by induction, cathode on LHS and anode in RHS.

• Ionic solids or compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom.
• Hence there is always the formation of anion and cation due to opposite charges electrostatic force of attraction formed between them which holds them together.

Therefore, the correct answer is B. 

Functional isomers are structural isomers that have the same molecular formula (that is, the same number of atoms of the same elements), but the atoms are connected in different ways so that the groupings are dissimilar or different functional groups.

10 amine to different 10 amines are not functional isomers. 

Hence, option ′d′ is the answer.

Bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) has square pyramidal geometry.

According to Piaget's theory, children actively construct their understanding of the world through their experiences and interactions with the environment.

The sentence means that the person in concern changed his lifestyle completely after serving his prison sentence. "Turned over a new leaf" is a phrase that is used to depict a new beginning to something.
Thus, the sentence is correct in its original form and option 4 is correct.

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से विकल्प 4 ‘निरामिष’ सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• 'सामिष' का सही विलोम शब्द 'निरामिष' है।
• सामिष​ और आमिष का अर्थ – मांस से युक्त।
• निरामिष​ का अर्थ – मांसरहित। (जो माँस नही खाता)

अन्य विकल्प -

Additional Information