NVS PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 9 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

The correct answer is Todar Mal.

• As Akbar's finance minister, Raja Todar Mal has implemented a new revenue system called zabt, and a tax system called dahshala.
  • He took a careful survey of crop yields and cultivated prices for a ten-year 1570–1580 era. 
  • On this basis, the tax has been set in cash on each harvest.
  • Each province was divided into income circles with its own tax rates and an individual crop schedule.
  • There was a prevalence of this method where the Mughal administration could survey the land and keep careful records.

Important Points 

• The Akbar territory was divided into 15 Subahs for the revenue system, further subdivided into a total of 187 Sarkars across 15 subahs, and those 197 sarkars (sirkar) were subdivided into a total of 3367 Mahals or Pargana.

The correct answer is  M.N Roy.

Key Points

• The idea of Constituent Assembly was given by Manabendra Nath Roy​ or M.N.Roy
• In 1934, M.N.Roy put forth the idea of the Constituent Assembly.
• The constituent assembly was formed in 1946 on the basis of the cabinet mission plan.
• Temporary Chairman - Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha.
• Permanent Chairman - Dr. Rajendra Prasad 
• Vice Chairman - Harendra Kumar Mukherjee
• Constitutional adviser - B. N. Rau
• Dr. B.R Ambedkar was the head of the Drafting Committee.
• Constitution was adopted by Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949.
• It became effective on 26 January 1950.

Additional Information

• The Indian Constituent Assembly represented fully representative of the States and Provinces in India.
• Initially, the number of members was 389, after the partition 299 members left.
• Out of this 299, 229 were from the British provinces and 70 were nominated from the princely states.
• It aimed at providing opportunities to each and every community.
• Representatives from princely states and British Indians were also a part of it.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

A possible tree diagram will be:

Praveena’s father’s sister’s mother is the grandmother of Sandhya.

Hence, "Grandmother" is the correct answer.

Venn diagram according to the given information is:

Guava, Mangoes, Fruits

As Mangoes and guava both are fruits, so they will come inside the fruits.

But,

Individually both the guava and mangoes are different fruits so there will be no intersection or shared part, so they will come as a separate circle inside the fruits.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given:

Number of work completed by Rita and Meena = 10 days

Number of work completed by Rita alone = 15 days

Formula used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

LCM of 10 and 15 is 30

Efficiency of Rita and Meena = (30/10) = 3 units/day

Efficiency of Rita = (30/15) = 2 units/day

Efficiency of Meena = [30/(3 – 2)] units/day

⇒ (30/1) unit/day

⇒ 30 days

∴ The required time to complete the work by Meena is 30 days

MPEG standard was developed by Moving Pictures Expert Group.

A portfolio is a purposeful collection of student work samples, student self-assessments, and goal statements that reflect student progress. Portfolio includes all photographs, assessment sheets, and audio-visual recordings.

The correct answer is option A
For the reaction rate of disappearance of A is related to rate of appearance of B by the expression:

When same quantity of electricity is passed, elements/gases are formed in the ratio of their equivalents
.

The correct answer is B: CNS⁻.

Explanation:

• Linkage isomerism occurs when a ligand can coordinate to the central metal ion through two different atoms, leading to different isomers.

• Flexidentate ligands are ligands that can form multiple bonds to the metal centre via different donor atoms.

CNS⁻ (Thiocyanate) is an example of a ligand that can exhibit linkage isomerism. The thiocyanate ion (CNS⁻) can bind to the metal through the nitrogen atom (N) or the sulfur atom (S), leading to two different isomers:

1. N-bonded thiocyanate (also called isothiocyanate),

2. S-bonded thiocyanate.

This makes CNS⁻ a flexidentate ligand, as it can coordinate through two different donor atoms (N or S), showing linkage isomerism.

Thus, the correct answer is B: CNS⁻.

0.4m of KMnO₄ = 1 mole of SO₂
​= 1 mole of SO₃ 
2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃
2      1         0
1      0.5       1
K = [SO₃]²/[SO₂]² [O₂]
= 12/(1²*0.5)
= 2

Mn²⁺ (d⁵) is more stable than Mn³⁺(d⁴) because Mn²⁺ have half-filled configuration.

Only structure a is able to show the valence electrons along with charge distributions. So, ith the Lewis structure of HNO₃ .

Thus, (i) → (p),   (ii) → (r), (iii) → (s), (iv)→(t), (v) → (r)

The non metallic character decreases down the group.And we know the oxides of non-metal r acidic in genral.Hence acidic character of oxides decreases down d group. Down the group the size of the element increases, electronegativity decreases ,metallic character increases and hence the acidic character decrease.

Solution: the correct option is a

Compound i. have four stereoisomers, have two optically active isomers and have more than two pairs of diastereomers

Compound ii. have only three stereoisomers and have two optically active isomers

Compound iii. have four stereoisomers and have more than two pairs of diastereomers

Compound iv. have four stereoisomers and  have more than two pairs of diastereomers

Conc KMnO₄ will cause oxidation and ring opening forming adipic acid.

Total order of reaction = order wrt to A + order wrt to B.

Preparation of Hydrogen from H₂O with Ca (Calcium)

• Hydrogen can be prepared from water (H₂O) through a chemical reaction with calcium (Ca).
• In this reaction, calcium acts as a reducing agent. This is because calcium has the ability to donate electrons during the reaction, which reduces the other reactant, in this case, water.
• The overall chemical reaction that occurs is: Ca + 2H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + H₂
• In this reaction, calcium (Ca) reacts with water (H₂O) to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂).
• The hydrogen gas that is produced can be collected and used for various purposes.
• Thus, out of the given options, it is calcium that can act as a reducing agent to prepare hydrogen from water.

Why Other Options are Incorrect

• Ag (Silver) and Au (Gold) are noble metals and do not readily participate in chemical reactions. They cannot act as reducing agents to produce hydrogen from water.
• Al (Aluminium) can act as a reducing agent, but it does not react with water under normal conditions to produce hydrogen.

Conclusion

• Therefore, the correct answer is option B: 'Ca, which acts as reducing agent'.

The process of conversion of primary aromatic amines into its diazonium salt is called diazotization. Diazonium salts are important synthetic intermediates that can undergo coupling reactions to form azo dyes and electrophilic substitution reactions to introduce functional groups.

The reason behind Kritika's this behaviour shows that her thoughts get acknowledged in schools. Sometimes it happens with children, if they feel that they are not being given importance or no one will praise them then they adopt such kind of behaviour that they talk only to those people who praise them gives due importance. Hence, the correct answer is, 'Her thoughts get acknowledged in schools.'

The NEP 2020 emphasizes the need for a learner-centric pedagogy that focuses on the individual needs and interests of each learner. It calls for a shift away from traditional teacher-centric methods that focus on rote learning and memorization.

Key Points

The NEP 2020 recommends a number of pedagogies that are learner-centric, including:

• Active learning: Active learning is a type of learning in which students are actively engaged in the learning process. This can be done through activities such as discussion, problem-solving, and hands-on learning.
• Inquiry-based learning: Enquiry-based learning is a type of learning in which students are encouraged to ask questions and to explore their own understanding of a topic. This can be done through activities such as research, experimentation, and collaboration.
• Project-based learning: Project-based learning is a type of learning in which students work on a real-world problem or project. This can help students to apply their knowledge and skills in a meaningful way.
• Innovative pedagogy: Innovative pedagogy is a pedagogy that is constantly evolving and adapting to the needs of learners. It is based on the understanding that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to learning.

Hence, we can conclude that the National Education Policy (2020) recommends pedagogies that are learner-centric.

The Ministry of Education released the National Education Policy (NEP) in 2020. The policy aims to adapt India's educational system to the demands of the twenty-first century.

Key PointsAccording to NEP 2020, each subject's curriculum will be pared down to its core essentials, to allow room for critical thinking and more holistic, inquiry-based, discovery-based, discussion-based, and analysis-based learning.

• NEP 2020 provides a reduction in content and increased flexibility in the school curriculum.
• It promotes multilingualism in the classroom.
•  The main focus is here on constructive rather than rote learning and it must be accompanied by parallel changes in school textbooks.
• Classroom sessions will frequently include more enjoyable, creative, and exploratory activities.​
• NEP 2020 places a strong emphasis on using mother tongue, local, or regional languages at least till grade five.

Thus, NEP 2020 does not give emphasis on learning from the material given in the textbooks.

The correct spelling is "referendum". It means a vote on a topic by the people. 
Example-  The referendum on Brexit has been quite a disastrous one.

Rule- The object in the active voice becomes the subject in the passive voice and the subject in the active voice becomes the object in the passive voice.This is valid in both ways (Active to passive and vice-versa). Further, the verb is changed to the past participle form. 
Thus, option 1 is correct.

A realist is a person who analyses every problem on real and factual terms.
Example- The world today requires realist leaders more than anything else.

'वह ग्रंथ हिंदी लिपि में है।' वाक्य ग़लत है।

• अशुद्ध वाक्य - वह ग्रंथ हिंदी लिपि में है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य - वह ग्रंथ देवनागरी लिपि में है।
• हिंदी कोई लिपि नहीं है वह एक भाषा है।
• हिंदी भाषा की लिपि देवनागरी है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों में कोई त्रुटि नहीं है -

• अध्यक्ष महोदय मुस्कुराने लगे।
• ईश्वर आपका भला करें।
• ओह! तुम कल जाओगे।

Additional Informationदेवनागरी लिपि की विशेषताएँ -

• देवनागरी लिपि के उच्चारण और प्रयोग में समानता होती है।
• देवनागरी लिपि पूर्णतया वैज्ञानिक है।
• देवनागरी में निश्चित मात्राएँ हैं।
• इसमें प्रत्येक ध्वनि के लिए अलग लिपि चिह्न है।
• इसमें वर्ण का कोई भ्रम नहीं है।
• प्रत्येक वर्ग में अघोष फिर सघोष वर्ण हैं।
• यह लिपि लिखाई और छपाई दोनों में समान है।

सही उत्तर 'मेरा यह सोचना, सही निकला' है।

• मेरा यह सोचना कि लोकेश प्रतिभाशाली छात्र है, सही निकला। इस वाक्य में ‘मेरा यह सोचना’ 'सही निकला' प्रधान उपवाक्य है।
• किसी वाक्य में जो उपवाक्य किसी पर आश्रित नहीं होता अर्थात् स्वतंत्र होता है एवम् उसकी क्रिया मुख्य होती है, वह मुख्य या प्रधान उपवाक्य कहलाता है।
• जैसे – मोदी जी ने कहा कि अच्छे दिन आएँगे।
• इस वाक्य में ‘मोदी जी ने कहा’प्रधान उपवाक्य है।

Key Points

• उपवाक्य: ऐसा पदसमूह, जिसका अपना अर्थ हो, जो एक वाक्य का भाग हो और जिसमें उदेश्य और विधेय हों, उपवाक्य कहलाता हैं।
• उपवाक्यों के आरम्भ में अधिकतर कि, जिससे, ताकि, जो, जितना, ज्यों-त्यों, चूँकि, क्योंकि, यदि, यद्यपि, जब, जहाँ इत्यादि होते हैं।
• उपवाक्य दो तरह के होते हैं – प्रधान उपवाक्य, आश्रित उपवाक्य।
• आश्रित उपवाक्य: दूसरे उपवाक्य पर आश्रित होता है।
• आश्रित उपवाक्य क्योंकि, कि, यदि, जो, आदि से आरंभ होते हैं।
• जैसे –मोदी जी ने कहा कि अच्छे दिन आएँगे।
• इस वाक्य में "कि अच्छे दिन आएँगे।" आश्रित उपवाक्य है क्योंकि यह उपवाक्य "मोदी जी ने कहा" उपवाक्य पर आश्रित है।