OAVS TGT Science Mock Test - 9 - OTET MCQ

A broiler is any chicken that is bred and raised specifically for meat production. Many typical broilers have white feathers and yellowish skin. Most commercial broilers reach slaughter-weight between four and seven weeks of age, although slower growing breeds reach slaughter-weight at approximately 14 weeks of age.

Hormonal secretions cause the directional movement of plant parts in response to environmental triggers.

Osteocytes are cells found in bones. They play a role in maintaining bone tissue.

When an individual is having both the alleles of a contrasting character, it is said to be HETEROZYGOUS .

An olfactory indicator is a material whose smell varies reliant on whether it is mixed with an acidic or basic solution. Olfactory indicators mainly used in laboratory to test whether a solution is a base or an acid. Onion is an example of olfactory indicators. 

Water is capable of dissolving a variety of different substances, which is why it is such a good solvent. And, water is called the "universal solvent" because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. It is water's chemical composition and physical attributes that make it such an excellent solvent.

Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) such as Copper-T or loops are placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tube in females. This prevents the transfer of eggs, thereby acting as an effective method of contraception.

We know that °C = K - 273.15

C= K - 273
C= 270 - 273
C = -3

The function of pupil is to control the amount of light entering the eye and the iris controls the pupil.

Dobereiner gave the concept of triads.

Excretion is the process of removing metabolic wastes from the body.

The mixture in which particles are not distributed evenly and forms separate layer if left undisturbed. The mixture of Albumin and water forms a heterogeneous mixture

The working of both smooth and cardiac muscles is involuntary while Skeletal or striated muscles move  according to our will  and are voluntary in action.

Only a few particles bounced back because the nucleus is so small / atom is mostly empty space that few collided with a nucleus . If they bounced back it was because of alpha particle and nucleus are positive : repulsion if they bounced back it was because nucleus is massive / dense so alpha particles rebound . "

To prevent rusting:

• The iron articles should be painted, the machine parts should be oiled or greased, galvanized iron pipes are used for water supply.
• But ( iron articles should be covered with plastic) is the incorrect method of preventing rusting. 

​​​​​​​So Option B is correct

Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g
No. of Oxygen atoms in 3.42g of (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 11 x NA
Therefore, No. of Oxygen atoms in 342g of (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = 11 x Na x 3.42 / 342
= 0.11 NA
No. of oxygen atoms in 18g of H₂O = 1NA 
Therefore, Total no. of Oxygen atom in 342g of Sucrose and 18g of water 
= 0.11NA +1NA = 1.11NA = 1.11 x 6.02 x 10²³ ⇒ 6.68 * 10²³

The first controlled fission of an atom was carried out in Germany in 1938. Nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of the atom.

The correct answer is C as Environment is formed of :
a)Only biotic components
b)Only abiotic components

The correct option is A.
sodium is located in group 1, which means that it has 1
valence electron. This valence electron is located in sodium's third energy shell

All the elements of a group have similar chemical properties because they have same number of valence electrons in their outemost shell

• A pure element or compound contains only one substance, with no other substances mixed in.
• Impure materials may be mixtures of elements, mixtures of compounds, or mixtures of elements and compounds.

"Variation" refers to the differences that appear among the offspring (progeny) of a sexually reproducing organism. When two parents with different genetic backgrounds contribute genetic material to create offspring, the resulting individuals can exhibit a wide range of traits and characteristics due to the combination of genes from both parents. This variation is essential for the process of evolution, as it provides the raw material upon which natural selection can act.

Explanation:
The best statement that describes an organism in the context of natural selection is option C: The ability to adapt to the environment in the niche it occupies.
Here's a detailed explanation:
- Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment have a higher chance of survival and reproduction, passing on their advantageous traits to future generations.
- The term "survival of the fittest" refers to the idea that the organisms with traits that are most beneficial for their specific environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
- The key factor in natural selection is the ability of an organism to adapt to its environment.
- Option A, which suggests that the strength of an organism compared to others of the same species determines its success, is not always the case. Adaptability is more important than physical strength.
- Option B, which mentions the ability to gather food and resources for offspring, is important for the survival of the offspring, but it does not necessarily determine the overall success of the organism in its environment.
- Option D, the number of fertile offspring an organism has, can be an indicator of reproductive success, but it does not directly address the ability to adapt to the environment.
In conclusion, the ability of an organism to adapt to the environment in the niche it occupies is the most accurate statement that describes an organism in the context of natural selection.

Tubes with semi-permeable lining perform dialysis of waste products in artificial kidneys.

Incorrect Statement: None of these (Option D)
Explanation:
The incorrect statement is "None of these" because all of the statements A, B, and C are correct.
- Statement A: Soil erosion is the consequence of environmental pollution. This is true as environmental pollution can lead to the degradation of soil, causing erosion.
- Statement B: Acid rain causes soil to become acidic, leading to a decrease in agricultural productivity. This is also true as acid rain contains sulfuric and nitric acids that can lower the pH of the soil, making it unsuitable for plant growth.
- Statement C: Sugarcane and rice crops are grown near the source of water. This is a common practice in agriculture as sugarcane and rice require a significant amount of water for growth and cultivation.
Therefore, option D, "None of these," is the incorrect statement as all the other options are true.

Haemoglobin is the iron containing protein found in red blood cells. It is responsible for the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It consists of four protein chains and each chain has a haem group attached to it. Each haem group has an iron molecule. The oxygen binds to the iron molecule. Since there are four iron molecules, each haemoglobin is capable of carrying four oxygen molecules.

Nephrons are the basic filtering units of a kidney each kidney poses a large number of nephrons approximately 1-1.5 million.

The main functions of a nephron are:
(i) Filtration
(ii) Ultrafiltration
(iii) Absorption
(iv) Reabsorption

• Plants react to gravity with a process called gravitropism or geotropism.
• Roots:
  • Positive Gravitropism: Roots grow downward towards gravity to anchor the plant and get water and nutrients.
• Stems and Shoots:
  • Negative Gravitropism: Stems and other above-ground parts grow upwards, opposite to gravity, to reach light for photosynthesis.
• This reaction to gravity is controlled by special cells called statocytes, housing dense structures termed statoliths.
• These statoliths settle at the base of statocytes due to gravity, prompting chemical signals guiding plant tissue growth.
• Overall, plants utilize gravitropism to position their growth correctly: roots head down for stability and nourishment, while stems and shoots grow up for light exposure.

The Mastermind of Arabari Project:
The mastermind behind the Arabari project is A.K. Banerjee. He played a crucial role in conceptualizing and executing the project, which aimed to restore the degraded forests in Arabari, West Bengal, India.
Details about the Arabari Project:
The Arabari project was initiated in the 1970s as a joint effort between the Indian Forest Department and local communities. Its primary objective was to address the issue of deforestation and promote sustainable forest management practices.
Key Points:
Here are some key points about the Arabari project and its mastermind:
- A.K. Banerjee was a renowned Indian forest officer who served as the Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) in Arabari during the implementation of the project.
- Under his leadership, the project focused on involving local communities in forest conservation and management.
- The Arabari project adopted an innovative approach by introducing Joint Forest Management (JFM) practices, where local communities were given rights and responsibilities to protect and manage the forests.
- A.K. Banerjee emphasized the importance of community participation and empowerment in achieving sustainable forest conservation.
- The project witnessed significant success, with the revival of degraded forests, increased forest cover, and improved livelihood opportunities for the local communities.
- The Arabari project became a model for other similar initiatives across India and contributed to the evolution of community-based forest management strategies.
Conclusion:
A.K. Banerjee was the mastermind behind the Arabari project, which showcased the effectiveness of involving local communities in forest conservation and management. His visionary approach and efforts have left a lasting impact on sustainable forest management practices in India.