OPSC OAS Prelims Paper 2 Mock Test - 5 - OPSC OCS (Odisha) MCQ

"Popular art" has a number of meanings, impossible to define with any precision, which range from folklore to junk. The poles are clear enough, but the middle tends to blur. The Hollywood Western of the 1930‘s, for example, has elements of folklore, but is closer to junk than to high art or folk art. The case of Giuseppe Verdi is an interesting one: he took a popular genre, bourgeois melodrama set to music and, without altering its fundamental nature, transmuted it into high art. This remains one of the greatest achievements in music, and one that cannot be fully appreciated without recognizing the essential trashiness of the genre. As an example of such a transmutation, consider what Verdi made of the typical political elements of nineteenth-century opera. Generally, in the plots of these operas, a hero or heroine— usually portrayed only as an individual, unfettered by class—is caught between the immoral corruption of the aristocracy and the doctrinaire rigidity or secret greed of the leaders of the proletariat. Verdi transforms this naive and unlikely formulation with music of extraordinary energy and rhythmic vitality, music more subtle than it seems at first hearing. There are scenes and arias that still sound like calls to arms and were clearly understood as such when they were first performed. Such pieces lend an immediacy to the otherwise veiled political message of these operas and call up feelings beyond those of the opera itself. Or consider Verdi’s treatment of character. Before Verdi, there were rarely any characters at all in musical drama, only a series of situations which allowed the singers to express a series of emotional states. Any attempt to find coherent psychological portrayal in these operas is misplaced ingenuity. The only coherence was the singer’s vocal technique.

Q. According to the passage, the immediacy of the political message in Verdi’s operas stems from the

"Popular art" has a number of meanings, impossible to define with any precision, which range from folklore to junk. The poles are clear enough, but the middle tends to blur. The Hollywood Western of the 1930‘s, for example, has elements of folklore, but is closer to junk than to high art or folk art. The case of Giuseppe Verdi is an interesting one: he took a popular genre, bourgeois melodrama set to music and, without altering its fundamental nature, transmuted it into high art. This remains one of the greatest achievements in music, and one that cannot be fully appreciated without recognizing the essential trashiness of the genre. As an example of such a transmutation, consider what Verdi made of the typical political elements of nineteenth-century opera. Generally, in the plots of these operas, a hero or heroine— usually portrayed only as an individual, unfettered by class—is caught between the immoral corruption of the aristocracy and the doctrinaire rigidity or secret greed of the leaders of the proletariat. Verdi transforms this naive and unlikely formulation with music of extraordinary energy and rhythmic vitality, music more subtle than it seems at first hearing. There are scenes and arias that still sound like calls to arms and were clearly understood as such when they were first performed. Such pieces lend an immediacy to the otherwise veiled political message of these operas and call up feelings beyond those of the opera itself. Or consider Verdi’s treatment of character. Before Verdi, there were rarely any characters at all in musical drama, only a series of situations which allowed the singers to express a series of emotional states. Any attempt to find coherent psychological portrayal in these operas is misplaced ingenuity. The only coherence was the singer’s vocal technique.

Q. According to the passage, all of the following characterize musical drama before Verdi EXCEPT:

"Popular art" has a number of meanings, impossible to define with any precision, which range from folklore to junk. The poles are clear enough, but the middle tends to blur. The Hollywood Western of the 1930‘s, for example, has elements of folklore, but is closer to junk than to high art or folk art. The case of Giuseppe Verdi is an interesting one: he took a popular genre, bourgeois melodrama set to music and, without altering its fundamental nature, transmuted it into high art. This remains one of the greatest achievements in music, and one that cannot be fully appreciated without recognizing the essential trashiness of the genre. As an example of such a transmutation, consider what Verdi made of the typical political elements of nineteenth-century opera. Generally, in the plots of these operas, a hero or heroine— usually portrayed only as an individual, unfettered by class—is caught between the immoral corruption of the aristocracy and the doctrinaire rigidity or secret greed of the leaders of the proletariat. Verdi transforms this naive and unlikely formulation with music of extraordinary energy and rhythmic vitality, music more subtle than it seems at first hearing. There are scenes and arias that still sound like calls to arms and were clearly understood as such when they were first performed. Such pieces lend an immediacy to the otherwise veiled political message of these operas and call up feelings beyond those of the opera itself. Or consider Verdi’s treatment of character. Before Verdi, there were rarely any characters at all in musical drama, only a series of situations which allowed the singers to express a series of emotional states. Any attempt to find coherent psychological portrayal in these operas is misplaced ingenuity. The only coherence was the singer’s vocal technique.

Q. It can be inferred that the author regards the independence from social class of the heroes and heroines of nineteenth- century opera as

Although pathogenic organisms constantly alight on the skin, they find it a very unfavourable environment and, in the absence of injury, have great difficulty colonizing it. This "self-sterilizing" capacity of the skin results from the tendency of all well-developed ecosystems toward homeostasis, or the maintenance of the status quo. Species that typically live in

soil, water, and elsewhere rarely multiply on the skin. Undamaged skin is also unfavourable to most human pathogens. The skin is too acid and too arid for some species. The constant shedding of the surface skin layers further hinders the establishment of invaders. The most interesting defence mechanism, however, results from the metabolic activities of the resident flora. Unsaturated fatty acids, an important component of the lipids in sebum collected from the skin surface, inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens. These acids are a metabolic product of certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community, which break down the more complex lipids in freshly secreted sebum.

Q. The primary purpose of the passage is to

Although pathogenic organisms constantly alight on the skin, they find it a very unfavourable environment and, in the absence of injury, have great difficulty colonizing it. This "self-sterilizing" capacity of the skin results from the tendency of all well-developed ecosystems toward homeostasis, or the maintenance of the status quo. Species that typically live in

soil, water, and elsewhere rarely multiply on the skin. Undamaged skin is also unfavourable to most human pathogens. The skin is too acid and too arid for some species. The constant shedding of the surface skin layers further hinders the establishment of invaders. The most interesting defence mechanism, however, results from the metabolic activities of the resident flora. Unsaturated fatty acids, an important component of the lipids in sebum collected from the skin surface, inhibit the growth of several bacterial and fungal cutaneous pathogens. These acids are a metabolic product of certain gram-positive members of the cutaneous community, which break down the more complex lipids in freshly secreted sebum.

Q. The "resident flora” mentioned refer to

Directions : Symbols %, #, $, © are used with different meanings as explained below:

1. ‘P @ Q’ means ‘P is not greater than Q’.

2. ‘P % Q’ means ‘P is neither greater than nor equal to Q’.

3. ‘P # Q’ means ‘P is neither smaller than nor equal to Q’.

4. ‘P $ Q’ means ‘P is neither smaller than nor greater than Q’.

5. ‘P © Q’ means ‘P is not smaller than Q’.

Q. Three statements showing relationships have been given, which are followed by two conclusions (1) and (2). Assuming that the given statements are true, find out which conclusions(s) is/are definitely true.

Statements: W @ V, V # X, Y © V.

Conclusions:

1. X % Y

2. X $ W

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow—

A, B, C, D, E and F are six students procuring their Master’s Degree in six different subjects—Data science, Finance, Criminal Justice, Fine arts, Economics and Music.

• Two of them stay in hostel, two stay as paying guest (PG) and the remaining two stay at their home.

• C does not stay as PG and studies Fine Arts.

• The students studying Economics and Finance do not stay as PG.

• E studies Music and D studies, Criminal Justice. F and D stay in Hostel. E stays as PG and B stays at home.

Q. Who studies Data science?

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow—

A, B, C, D, E and F are six students procuring their Master’s Degree in six different subjects—Data science, Finance, Criminal Justice, Fine arts, Economics and Music.

• Two of them stay in hostel, two stay as paying guest (PG) and the remaining two stay at their home.

• C does not stay as PG and studies Fine Arts.

• The students studying Economics and Finance do not stay as PG.

• E studies Music and D studies, Criminal Justice. F and D stay in Hostel. E stays as PG and B stays at home.

Q. Which of the following combination of subjects and place of stay is not correct?

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow—

A, B, C, D, E and F are six students procuring their Master’s Degree in six different subjects—Data science, Finance, Criminal Justice, Fine arts, Economics and Music.

• Two of them stay in hostel, two stay as paying guest (PG) and the remaining two stay at their home.

• C does not stay as PG and studies Fine Arts.

• The students studying Economics and Finance do not stay as PG.

• E studies Music and D studies, Criminal Justice. F and D stay in Hostel. E stays as PG and B stays at home.

Q. Which of the following pairs of students stay one each at hostel and at home?

Read the following information carefully and answer the questions that follow—

A, B, C, D, E and F are six students procuring their Master’s Degree in six different subjects—Data science, Finance, Criminal Justice, Fine arts, Economics and Music.

• Two of them stay in hostel, two stay as paying guest (PG) and the remaining two stay at their home.

• C does not stay as PG and studies Fine Arts.

• The students studying Economics and Finance do not stay as PG.

• E studies Music and D studies, Criminal Justice. F and D stay in Hostel. E stays as PG and B stays at home.

Q. Which subject does B study?

For some time, scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDL’s (low-density lipoproteins) than normal individuals. However, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDL’s from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein? Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins) remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDL’s. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent over synthesis of LDL’s from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDL’s from the blood.

Q. The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?

For some time, scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDL’s (low-density lipoproteins) than normal individuals. However, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDL’s from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein? Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins) remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDL’s. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent over synthesis of LDL’s from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDL’s from the blood.

Q. According to the passage, by studying the Watanabe rabbits’ scientists learned that

For some time, scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDL’s (low-density lipoproteins) than normal individuals. However, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDL’s from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein? Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins) remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDL’s. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent over synthesis of LDL’s from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDL’s from the blood.

Q. The passage implies that Watanabe rabbits differ from normal rabbits in which of the following ways?

"I want to criticize the social system, and to show it at work, at its most intense." Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics, since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic” novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. In her novels, Woolf is deeply engaged by the questions of how individuals are shaped (or

deformed) by their social environments, how historical forces impinge on people’s lives, how class, wealth, and gender help to determine people’s fates. Most of her novels are rooted in a realistically rendered social setting and in a precise historical time.Woolf’s focus on society has not been generally recognized because of her intense antipathy to propaganda in art. The pictures of reformers in her novels are usually satiric or sharply critical.Woolf detested what she called "preaching" in fiction, too, and criticized novelist D. H. Lawrence (among others) for working by this method. Woolf’s own social criticism is expressed in the language of observation rather than in direct commentary, since for her, fiction is a contemplative, not an active art. Woolf’s literary models were acute social observers like Chekhov and Chaucer. As she put it in The Common Reader, "It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote; and yet, as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore."

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that Woolf chose Chaucer as a literary model because she believed that

"I want to criticize the social system, and to show it at work, at its most intense." Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been ignored by the critics, since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the "poetic” novelist concerned with examining states of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. In her novels, Woolf is deeply engaged by the questions of how individuals are shaped (or

deformed) by their social environments, how historical forces impinge on people’s lives, how class, wealth, and gender help to determine people’s fates. Most of her novels are rooted in a realistically rendered social setting and in a precise historical time.Woolf’s focus on society has not been generally recognized because of her intense antipathy to propaganda in art. The pictures of reformers in her novels are usually satiric or sharply critical.Woolf detested what she called "preaching" in fiction, too, and criticized novelist D. H. Lawrence (among others) for working by this method. Woolf’s own social criticism is expressed in the language of observation rather than in direct commentary, since for her, fiction is a contemplative, not an active art. Woolf’s literary models were acute social observers like Chekhov and Chaucer. As she put it in The Common Reader, "It is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote; and yet, as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore."

Q. It can be inferred from the passage that the most probable reason Woolf realistically described the social setting in the majority of her novels was that she

A father is six times as old as his son and the mother is five times as old as the son. Let the age of son be "x" then the sum of the father's and the mother's age is [(x - 1)² - 1] years. What is the age of the son?

The ratio of milk and water in a mixture of 24 liters is 1:1. How much water must be added to the mixture so that the ratio of milk and water be 1:2?

If 4+9= 18, 5+8=20 and 5+6 =15, then the value of 8+112=?

Correct the given equations by interchanging the two signs (10 - 14 ÷ 7 x 3 + 4 = 20)

Directions: Eight persons M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T are standing in such a way that O is 20 m apart from N towards West, N is 30 m South with respect to M. M is 40 m towards West with respect to Q. P is 50 m towards South with respect to Q. R is 15 m apart from S towards North. T is 20 m towards East with respect to S. R is 40 m towards West with respect to P.

Q. In which direction is Q standing with respect to R?

Directions: Eight persons M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T are standing in such a way that O is 20 m apart from N towards West, N is 30 m South with respect to M. M is 40 m towards West with respect to Q. P is 50 m towards South with respect to Q. R is 15 m apart from S towards North. T is 20 m towards East with respect to S. R is 40 m towards West with respect to P.

Q. If one more person U is standing towards South-West with respect to P, then in which direction is T, standing with respect to U?

Directions: Eight persons M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T are standing in such a way that O is 20 m apart from N towards West, N is 30 m South with respect to M. M is 40 m towards West with respect to Q. P is 50 m towards South with respect to Q. R is 15 m apart from S towards North. T is 20 m towards East with respect to S. R is 40 m towards West with respect to P.

Q. What is the direction of O with respect to S?

Statement: Most of those who study in premier medical colleges in India migrate to Russia for better prospects in their professional pursuits.

Courses of Action:

All the students joining these colleges should be asked to sign a bond at the time of admission to the effect that they will remain in India at least for ten years after they complete education.

All those students who desire to settle in Russia should be asked to pay entire cost of their education which the government subsidies.

The Bombay High Court stumped India’s most powerful sporting body, BCCI, by ordering it to move the cash cow IPL out of the drought-stricken Maharashtra. The court orders struck a chord among many, including die-hard cricket fans. The stark contrast between parched lands and dry throats of rural and semi-urban Maharashtra and the manufactured euphoria around water-guzzling cricket pitches did shake people’s conscience. The arguments in the court captured the latent and at times, simmering unease in the public mind over the degeneration of cricket from a sport to a money-spinner and worse.

Moreover, cricket, another colonial gift, had become the de facto national sport, crushing hockey and all other sports under its pitch rollers. On top of it, the mighty cricket board, perceived to be a hub of myriad commercial and political vested interests, became a law unto itself.

Q. What does the term ‘cash cow’ mean in the passage?

The Bombay High Court stumped India’s most powerful sporting body, BCCI, by ordering it to move the cash cow IPL out of the drought-stricken Maharashtra. The court orders struck a chord among many, including die-hard cricket fans. The stark contrast between parched lands and dry throats of rural and semi-urban Maharashtra and the manufactured euphoria around water-guzzling cricket pitches did shake people’s conscience. The arguments in the court captured the latent and at times, simmering unease in the public mind over the degeneration of cricket from a sport to a money-spinner and worse.

Moreover, cricket, another colonial gift, had become the de facto national sport, crushing hockey and all other sports under its pitch rollers. On top of it, the mighty cricket board, perceived to be a hub of myriad commercial and political vested interests, became a law unto itself.

Q. The Bombay High Court mainly ordered not to conduct the IPL matches in Maharashtra because of:

The Bombay High Court stumped India’s most powerful sporting body, BCCI, by ordering it to move the cash cow IPL out of the drought-stricken Maharashtra. The court orders struck a chord among many, including die-hard cricket fans. The stark contrast between parched lands and dry throats of rural and semi-urban Maharashtra and the manufactured euphoria around water-guzzling cricket pitches did shake people’s conscience. The arguments in the court captured the latent and at times, simmering unease in the public mind over the degeneration of cricket from a sport to a money-spinner and worse.

Moreover, cricket, another colonial gift, had become the de facto national sport, crushing hockey and all other sports under its pitch rollers. On top of it, the mighty cricket board, perceived to be a hub of myriad commercial and political vested interests, became a law unto itself.

Q. Why does the author mean by referring cricket as the ‘de facto national sport’ in the passage?

Smartphone is the essential digital gadgets that teenagers nowadays have. However, despite the convenience it brings to use, sometimes it might affect our daily life in a negative sense. One of the typical examples is the overuse of Smartphone. Smart phone can easily get our attention and distracts us. People, especially students, therefore are easily overusing the Smartphone. The distraction lower students’ productivity and takes their time. It also lowers the quality of the work done.

Q. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

1. Parent mustn’t allow their children to use Smart phones.

2. Overuse of Smartphones distract teenagers

3. For children Laptop is more useful gadget than Smartphone

4. Smart phone is more hazardous than convenience for student.