OSSSC TGT Science CBZ Mock Test - 2 - OTET MCQ

If different tasks are used by the teacher to teach her students through different styles of teaching, the teacher can be said to be adopting the theory given by Gardner.

Education was considered as a great part of life by Plato. He believed that education is very necessary for the progress of an individual and the nation. Education helps develop power of contemplation in educated individuals.

'Dyslexia' is a term known for reading disorder. The person having this disorder faces difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but it is not related to general intelligence. It will not have any impact on a person's general intelligence. It is a hereditary disorder that mostly runs in families. Hence, the correct answer is, 'Reading disorder.'

The statement "Children actively construct their understanding of the world" was said by Piaget. Piaget saw the kid as constantly creating and re-creating his own model of reality, achieving mental growth by integrating simpler concepts into higher-level concepts at each stage. He argued for a “genetic epistemology,” a timetable established naturally for the event of the child’s ability to think, and he traced four stages therein development. Hence, the correct answer is, 'Piaget.'

Hatch-Slack pathway also called C4 carbon fixation is a photosynthetic process in some plants. It is the first step in extracting carbon from carbon dioxide to be able to use it in sugar and other biomolecules. It is one of the three known processes for carbon fixation. C4 refers to the four-carbon molecule that is the first product of this type of carbon fixation.

Glycolysis is common to both aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.

In the first step, each glucose molecule (6 carbon molecules) is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbon molecules) by the process of glycolysis. 
The process occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and does not require the presence of oxygen. 

Living gymnosperms are predom inantly middle sized trees (Cycas) to tall trees (Pinus) and shrubs (Ephedri Rarely they are woody climbers (Gnetum montanum). Their are no herbs in gymnosperms.

Pyruvate, the product obtained through glycolysis, gets oxidised with the loss of its carboxy group as CO₂, to give acetyl Co-A, under aerobic condition. This acetyl Co-A is further oxidised completely to CO₂ + H₂O in citric acid cycle. Other options are incorrect as Lactic acid is formed in muscles under anaerobic conditions. Ethanol and CO₂ are products of anaerobic respiration in yeast cells. CO₂ and H₂O are final and complete reaction products released at the end of cellular respiration. 

Light-harvesting complexes (LHC) within Photosystem I (PS I) and Photosystem II (PS II). These are named in the sequence of their discovery, and not in the sequence in which they function during the light reaction. The LHC is made up of hundreds of pigment molecules.

Porphyrin is a rigid, square-planar molecule made of four pyrroles (a five-membered ring containing a nitrogen atom) connecting to form a larger ring. The molecule is stabilized by the aromatic character, which extends over its entire structure.
A porphyrin has four of its nitrogen atoms facing the center, which can capture a metal ion to form a very stable organometallic complex.
It is present in chlorophyll, haemoglobin and cytochrome. By using them, biological systems carry out a wide range of chemical reactions.

Chlorophyll, any member of the most important class of pigments involved in photosynthesis, the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy through the synthesis of organic compounds. Chlorophyll is found in virtually all photosynthetic organisms, including green plants, prokaryotic blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), and eukaryotic algae. It absorbs energy from light; this energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.

Glycolysis means lysis of glucose. It is a sequence of 10 reactions, which occur in the cytoplasm and break down one hexose glucose molecule into two molecules of pyruvic acid, having three carbon atoms in each. Also, there is the net gain of 2 ATP molecules and a synthesis of 2 molecules of reduced coenzyme NADH2. 

The pyruvic acid generated in the glycolysis enters into the mitochondrial matrix, undergoes oxidative decarboxylation and forms active acetate in a coordinated series of reactions catalysed by the multienzyme complex. The reaction takes place in the presence of enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase and several coenzymes including NAD+, coenzyme A, thiamine pyrophosphate and lipoic acid. The reaction occurs in 4 steps involving the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A. One molecule of carbon dioxide is released. The coenzyme NAD+ is reduced to NADH+H+ in the reaction. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The levels of organization are described below from the smallest to the largest:

• A species is a group of individuals that are genetically related and can breed to produce fertile young. Individuals are not members of the same species if their members cannot produce offspring that can also have children. The second word in the two word name given to every organism is the species name. For example, in Homo sapiens, sapiens is the species name.
• A population is a group of organisms belonging to the same species that live in the same area and interact with one another.
• A community is all of the populations of different species that live in the same area and interact with one another. A community is composed of all of the biotic factors of an area.
• A biome is a community of plants and animals that have common characteristics for the environment they exist in. They can be found over a range of continents. Biomes are distinct biological communities that have formed in response to a shared physical climate.

Hence, Option A is correct.

• Each testis contains about 250 compartments called testicular lobules.
• Each testicular lobule contains one to three highly coiled seminiferous tubules that produce sperms.

Fig: Image showing testicular lobules consists of seminiferous tubules. 

Hence, the correct option is D.

NCERT Reference: topic “THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM” of chapter: Human Reproduction.

Maize which is also known as Corn plant is pollinated by wind. The anthers are born in long tassels that move with the wind and shake off their pollen. The stigma is feathery and hairy so as to catch the wind-borne pollen. Thus, in maize, pollens are transferred from the anthers of one plant to the stigma of another plant by means of wind i.e. cross-pollination occurs by the wind.

Mediterranean orchid Ophrys ensures pollination by co-evolution, sexual deceit and pseudo-copulation. One petal of flower bears an uncanny resemblance to female of bee in size, colour and markings.

• Systematics is the study of the identification, taxonomy and nomenclature of organisms, including the classification of living things with regard to their natural relationships and the study of variation and the evolution of taxa.
• A major goal of biological classification systems is to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms.
• Knowing phylogenetic relationships is essential for interpreting the evolution of traits of organisms.

Biological names are Latinized and written in Italics. The generic epithet starts with capital letter while the second component specific epithet starts with small letter. Here the binomial nomenclature of Lion is Panthera leo but not Panthera Leo. Also, in Panthera Tigress the second component is written in capital letter which means that Panthera Tigress is not the answer. And in Panthera Lion the word Lion is not derived from Latin which reflects that Panthera Lion is also not the answer.

Tubulin is a protein superfamily of globular proteins, or one of the member proteins of that superfamily. Microtubules are tubular cytoskeletal elements polymerized from alpha and beta tubulin heterodimers. The doublet microtubule is a microtubule from uniquely seen in flagella and cilia.

The correct option is C.
Acetic acid that is Carboxylic acids gives effervescence with NaHCO₃ solution.

• a) In oxidation, oxygen is added to a substance: This is correct. Oxidation involves the addition of oxygen or the loss of electrons.

• b) In reduction, hydrogen is added to a substance: This is correct. Reduction typically involves the addition of hydrogen or the gain of electrons.

• c) Oxidizing agent is oxidized: This is incorrect. The oxidizing agent is actually reduced as it gains electrons during the reaction, thereby oxidising the other substance.

• d) Reducing agent is oxidized: This is correct. The reducing agent loses electrons (is oxidized) while it reduces the other substance by donating electrons.

The outer shell of any atom is called the valence shell. When the valence electron in any atom gains sufficient energy from some outside force, it can break away from the parent atom and become what is called a free electron.

22 carat gold is a homogeneous mixture in which gold is mixed with small amount of copper or silver.

The latent heat of fusion is the amount of heat energy required to change a solid into a liquid at atmospheric pressure and at its melting point.

Sodium is an alkali metal and is so soft that it can be easily cut by knife.

Cells are made of a variety of chemical substances - proteins, carbohydrates, fats or lipids and so on. Soil is not a component of  cell.